GERN 400 - Perspectives on Gerontology » Winter 2022 » Test 1

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Question #1
What is fueling the large increase of the population over age 65?
A.   Middle Children
B.   Generation Xers
C.   Baby Boomers
D.   Boomerang Children
Question #2
What was predicted to happen by 2020 for the first time in history?
A.   There would be the same number of people over the age of 65 as children under the age of 5.
B.   There would be fewer people over the age of 65 than children under the age of 5.
C.   There would be more people over the age of 65 than children under the age of 5.
Question #3
What is maximum life span?
A.   How long people could live if environmental hazards and diseases were eliminated (theoretical limit to human life)
B.   How long people live if proper anti-aging methods are employed
C.   How long people live if all global life expectancy averages are considered
D.   How long people live taking into consideration personal factors such as gender, race, ethnicity, etc...
Question #4
What tool visually captures population changes?
A.   Demographic Trend Chart
B.   Generation Cohort
C.   Survival Curve
D.   Population Pyramid
Question #5
What is the key difference between maximum life span and life expectancy?
A.   Maximum life span is actual, while life expectancy is hypothetical
B.   Maximum life span is relative, while life expectancy is universal
C.   Maximum life span is dependent on genetics, while life expectancy is dependent on environmental factors
D.   Maximum life span is theoretical, while life expectancy is a statistical average
Question #6
A longer lifespan free of any major illness until the last few years is a characteristic of…
A.   Compression of morbidity
B.   The hardiness rule
C.   Survival curves
D.   The crossover effect
Question #7
Life expectancy has increased in the US over the past few decades, but it is still lower than 51 other developed countries.
A.   False
B.   True
Question #8
In the US, on average, men live longer than women
A.   False
B.   True
Question #9
The oldest-old will see the most rapid growth by 2050 because of the Baby Boomer generation
A.   False
B.   True
Question #10
Genetics have NOT been associated as a factor in reaching centenarian status (age 100+)
A.   False
B.   True
Question #11
The idea that individuals should be respectful and care for their elders is known as __________
A.   Filial Piety
B.   Parental Honor System
C.   Filial Code
D.   Maternal Care
Question #12
Which theory refers to the transformation of a society from a rural to an urban one?
A.   Traditional
B.   Segregation
C.   Modernization
D.   Stratification
Question #13
The term ________ refers to the process of integrating two cultures into one lifestyle.
A.   biculturalism
B.   multiculturalism
C.   filial
D.   immigration
Question #14
The number of foreign-born residents 65+ are increasing in the US in recent years (more older adult immigrants are coming to the US than before)
A.   False
B.   True
Question #15
According to modernization theory, what is one result of young people moving to urban centers to seek better opportunities?
A.   A decrease in older adults in those societies
B.   An increase in opportunities for older adult workers
C.   A decrease in filial piety toward older adults
D.   An increase in youth willing to care for older adults
Question #16
What is a key difference between traditional and modern societies?
A.   Traditional societies typically treat older adults with more disregard than modern societies
B.   Modern societies and traditional societies treat older adults the same
C.   Traditional societies typically treat older adults with more respect than modern societies
Question #17
How do immigrant older adults and U.S.-born older adults compare in terms of poverty rates?
A.   Researchers have not examined this yet
B.   Immigrant older adults have approximately twice the poverty rates than U.S.-born older adults
C.   Immigrant older adults and U.S.-born older adults have the same poverty rates
D.   U.S.-born older adults have approximately twice the poverty rates than immigrant older adults
Question #18
Population aging, or ___________, is the phenomenon of the population of older adults growing both in raw numbers and in proportion to the larger population
A.   population pyramids
B.   compression of morbidity
C.   global aging
D.   maximum life span
Question #19
The number of older adults living in the word is growing (raw numbers and proportion) due to more people living longer and declining birthrates
A.   True
B.   False
Question #20
Having multiple chronic illnesses at once is called ________
A.   Acute Conditions
B.   Comorbidity
C.   Hypertension
D.   Chronic Condition Syndrome
Question #21
The wear-and-tear theory of aging emphasizes…
A.   environmental factors such as stress, poverty, and nutrition
B.   decreased cellular replication
C.   the immune system becoming defective
D.   the oxidative damage to cells
Question #22
What is the most accurate representation/definition of aging?
A.   A slow loss of senses and abilities
B.   A combination of disease and dying
C.   A rapid deterioration of cognition and physicality
D.   A gradual accumulation of irreversible functional losses
Question #23
What is true about muscle tone as we age?
A.   It remains stable without any exercise
B.   It declines with age, but can be less severe with regular exercise
C.   Researchers are not sure 
D.   It increases with age, especially with regular exercise
Question #24
Brain mass is reduced with age, but this alteration is not associated with difficulties such as problem solving or remembering names and dates.
A.   False
B.   True
Question #25
Older adults’ ____________ ability refers to what they think they can or cannot do
A.   health
B.   instrumental
C.   functional
D.   activity
Question #26
What is the leading cause of injuries and injury-related deaths among older adults?
A.   Car Accidents
B.   Heart Disease
C.   Falls
D.   Strokes
Question #27
What is a key difference between the wear-and-tear theory and the cellular aging theory?
A.   The wear-and-tear theory focuses on internal factors such as antioxidants, while the cellular aging theory focuses on external stresses
B.   The wear-and-tear theory focuses on the body as a machine, while the cellular aging theory focuses on damage from free radicals
C.   The wear-and-tear theory focuses on environmental factors, while the cellular aging theory focuses on pathogens and infections
D.   The wear-and-tear theory focuses on external factors, while the cellular aging theory focuses on an internal biological clock
Question #28
In the US, 90% of older adults need help with 5+ IADL's/ADL's: (Instrumental) Activities of Daily Living
A.   True
B.   False
Question #29
The Immunological Theory proposes that aging occurs because the organism's immune system becomes less efficient over time allowing for diseases such as cancer, diabetes, etc…
A.   False
B.   True
Question #30
Which theory proposes that the progressive, irreversible accumulation of oxidative damage to cells explains loss of physiological functions as we age?
A.   Free Radical Theory
B.   Cellular Aging Theory
C.   Immunological Theory
D.   Wear-and-Tear Theory

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