Ocean 115 - Introduction to Oceanography » Winter 2022 » Final Exam
Need help with your exam preparation?
Get Answers to this exam for $6 USD.
Get Answers to all exams in [ Ocean 115 - Introduction to Oceanography ] course for $25 USD.
Existing Quiz Clients Login here
Question #1
Soil has a ______ heat capacity than water.
A.
the same
B.
lower
C.
higher
Question #2
Hydrogen bonds are about _____ % as strong as covalent bonds.
A.
1 to 5
B.
5 to 10
C.
10 to 15
D.
15 to 20
Question #3
Solutes _____ the freezing point of water
A.
increase
B.
lower
C.
has no effect to
Question #4
The pycnocline develops primarily as a result of _____ temperature with depth.
A.
higher
B.
the same
C.
lower
Question #5
A warming ocean will be able to hold _______ dissolved gases.
A.
less
B.
more
C.
the same
Question #6
A tropical maritime air mass is likely to be ________.
A.
dry and warm
B.
wet and cold
C.
not enough information to tell
D.
dry and cold
E.
wet and warm
Question #7
The strength of a hurricane stems from water's ________.
A.
latent heat of melting
B.
latent heat of fusion
C.
latent heat of condensation
D.
latent heat of sublimation
E.
latent heat of deposition
Question #8
Which of the following powers tropical cyclones?
A.
West Wind Drift
B.
Heat transfer in a gas or liquid by the circulation of currents from one region to another.
C.
The vast amounts of latent heat as water evaporates and condenses.
D.
An apparent force resulting from Earth's rotation that causes particles in motion to be deflected.
E.
A density-driven circulation that is initiated at the ocean surface by temperature and salinity.
Question #9
Which of the following currents contributes to the South Eastern United States being humid?
A.
Brazil Current
B.
North Equatorial Current
C.
California Current
D.
North Atlantic Current
E.
Gulf Stream
Question #10
Which of the following statements about coastal waters is CORRECT?
A.
Coastal waters have limited opportunities for oil production and recreational activities.
B.
Coastal waters receive land-derived pollutants after they pass through the open ocean.
C.
Coastal waters serve as nursery grounds for many species that inhabit the open ocean.
D.
Coastal waters only support about 15% of the total mass of life in the oceans.
E.
Coastal waters are of minor importance for shipping because they traverse the open ocean.
Question #11
Match the appropriate plate boundary. Island arc
A.
Transform plate boudary
B.
Divergent plate boundary
C.
Convergent plate boundary
Question #12
Match the appropriate plate boundary. Fracture zones
A.
Transform plate boudary
B.
Convergent plate boundary
C.
Divergent plate boundary
Question #13
Match the appropriate plate boundary.Magnetic “stripes” on the seafloor
A.
Convergent plate boundary
B.
Divergent plate boundary
C.
Transform plate boudary
Question #14
Match the appropriate plate boundary.Seafloor spreading
A.
Convergent plate boundary
B.
Transform plate boudary
C.
Divergent plate boundary
Question #15
Match the appropriate plate boundary.Trenches
A.
Divergent plate boundary
B.
Transform plate boudary
C.
Convergent plate boundary
Question #16
What is the prevailing wind direction at a latitude of 30 degrees North?
A.
Ascending up into the atmosphere
B.
From north to south
C.
From west to east
D.
Descending down to land surface
E.
From east to west
Question #17
Which extreme environment may have favored the origin of life on Earth?
A.
estuarine bays
B.
hydrothermal vents
C.
polar sea ice
D.
rainforest sediments
Question #18
As mountains erode, how will isostatic forces cause Earth's crust beneath the mountain to behave?
A.
Sink
B.
Spread out
C.
Subduct
D.
Rise
E.
Stay the same
Question #19
What process gives trenches their unique arc-shaped depressions?
A.
Erosion
B.
Volcanic eruptions
C.
Turbidity
D.
Subduction
E.
Spreading
Question #20
An abundance of foraminifera shells would be described as what type of sediment?
A.
siliceous ooze
B.
calcareous ooze
C.
evaporitic sediment
D.
turbidic sediment
E.
diatomaceous earth
Question #21
Why can seawater hold many times more carbon dioxide than either nitrogen or oxygen at saturation?
A.
Carbon dioxide is used by plankton for energy
B.
Carbon dioxide combines chemically with water to form carbonic acid.
C.
Carbon dioxide is used in mineral formation.
D.
Carbon dioxide is more reactive.
E.
Carbon dioxide is not used in photosynthesis.
Question #22
An air mass pausing above a warm ocean surface will have what characteristics?
A.
Warm, humid air with zones of high pressure
B.
Warm, humid air with zones of low pressure
C.
Warm, dry air with zones of high pressure
D.
Cold, dry air with zones of high pressure
E.
Cold, dry air with zones of low pressure
Question #23
What is true about the Coriolis effect?
A.
It causes cold-core eddies in the Northern Hemisphere to rotate clockwise.
B.
It is strongest near the equator.
C.
It is absent at the equator.
D.
It causes the peak of the "hill" in the center of the gyre to be steeper on the eastern side.
E.
It causes Northern Hemisphere surface currents to flow to the left of the wind direction.
Question #24
How fast does a wave with wavelength of 20 meters and period of 20 seconds travel?
A.
400 meters per second
B.
10 meters per second
C.
1 meter per second
D.
There is not enough information to tell
E.
20 meters per second
Question #25
What type of tidal patterns exists on the west coast of the United States, which receives two high tides and two low tides of varying heights per day?
A.
semidiurnal mixed tides
B.
neap tides
C.
diurnal tides
D.
semidiurnal tides
E.
spring tides
Question #26
Which of the following is a ring-shaped island of coral?
A.
Barrier reef
B.
Atoll
C.
Fringing reef
D.
Drumlin
E.
Mangrove
Question #27
Which area is most likely to have the most populous and diverse community of organisms?
A.
cobble beaches
B.
intertidal zone
C.
deep ocean
D.
surface of a polar ocean
E.
surface of temperate ocean
Question #28
What is an example of symbiosis?
A.
carrying capacity
B.
succession
C.
environmental resistance
D.
commensalism
E.
progression
Question #29
What is a major product of combustion for all hydrocarbons?
A.
nitrogen
B.
carbon dioxide
C.
nitrous oxide
D.
hydrogen
E.
oxygen
Question #30
Petroleum most likely formed from which organic substrate?
A.
Planktonic organisms and bacteria
B.
Sea grasses
C.
Fossilized fish
D.
Whale falls
E.
Water column debris
Question #31
During an ice age, sea level would have been relatively lower than it is today.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #32
Lines of latitude are parallel to one another.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #33
The average salinity of the world’s ocean in about 3.5%
A.
False
B.
True
Question #34
Land has a greater heat capacity than water.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #35
In one hour, the Earth rotates through 15 degrees.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #36
An eastern boundary current is slower and colder than a western boundary current.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #37
The construction of jetties, groins or breakwaters interrupts the longshore current.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #38
The seafloor is oldest at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #39
El Nino events occur roughly every 4 to 7 years due to a reversal of Pacific trade winds.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #40
Only 10% of the energy is passed along from one trophic level to the next.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #41
Which condition is necessary for a planet to have a permanent liquid ocean?
A.
Few moons
B.
Low gravity
C.
Toxic atmosphere
D.
Perfectly spherical orbit
E.
Optimum distance from a star
Question #42
A.
It will spread out
B.
It will grow thicker
C.
It will subside
D.
It will stay the same
E.
It will be uplifted
Question #43
Where on the seafloor would you expect to find the thickest piles of sediment?
A.
In a submarine canyon
B.
Around hot spot volcanoes
C.
In a deep ocean trench
D.
Along the continental margin
E.
At a mid-ocean ridge
Question #44
Active margins are also referred to as
A.
Spreading centers
B.
Fracture zones
C.
Atlantic-type margins
D.
Pacific-type margins
E.
Hot spots
Question #45
What describes the theoretical direction of Ekman transport in the Southern Hemisphere?
A.
45° to the right of wind direction
B.
In the same direction as the wind
C.
90° to the right of wind direction
D.
45° to the left of wind direction
E.
90° to the left of wind direction
Question #46
What is true of density, salinity, and temperature?
A.
Both temperature and salinity decrease with depth.
B.
Water masses of the same density will not combine.
C.
Only one combination of temperature and salinity can yield a given density.
D.
Density of water tends to decrease with depth.
E.
Many combinations of temperature and salinity can yield the same density.
Question #47
What property of water is responsible for the amount of time it takes for water to reach the boiling point?
A.
adhesion
B.
density
C.
heat capacity
D.
surface tension
E.
capillary rise
Question #48
Ice is effective at cooling drinks because of the ____.
A.
latent heat of vaporization
B.
heat capacity of water
C.
latent heat of fusion
D.
sensible heat loss of water
E.
diffusion of heat energy
Question #49
During a change in state of water, which is true?
A.
As heat is applied (or removed), temperature stays the same.
B.
As temperature increases, heat stays the same.
C.
As heat is removed, density stays the same.
D.
As temperature increases, density stays the same.
E.
As heat is applied, temperature increases (or as heat is removed, temperature decreases).
Question #50
The concentration of ____ increases with depth, causing an increase in ocean acidity and influencing the calcite compensation depth.
A.
carbon dioxide
B.
ammonia
C.
oxygen
D.
nitrogen
E.
my mind
Question #51
Which area receives the least amount of solar energy on Earth?
A.
mid-latitudes
B.
temperate regions
C.
polar regions
D.
equatorial regions
E.
tropical regions
Question #52
The solar heating of Earth varies with ____ and ____.
A.
winds; reflection
B.
longitude; latitude
C.
winds; convection
D.
seasons; longitude
E.
seasons; latitude
Question #53
What type of water mass dissolves a higher concentration of gases?
A.
equatorial water masses
B.
temperate water masses
C.
tropical water masses
D.
subtropical water masses
E.
polar water masses
Question #54
What causes a decrease in oxygen levels beyond the sunlit layer?
A.
Mineral precipitation
B.
Decreased saturation because of cooler water
C.
The by-products of photosynthesis
D.
The respiration of marine animals and bacteria
E.
There are fewer animals present
Question #55
Why is humid air less dense than dry air?
A.
Molecules of water vapor have less mass than the displaced nitrogen and oxygen.
B.
Molecular movement of water vapor occupies more space than dry air.
C.
Water vapor molecules are more compressed than dry air molecules.
D.
Molecular movement of water vapor occupies less space than dry air.
E.
Molecules of water vapor have more mass than the displaced nitrogen and oxygen.
Question #56
What changes are caused by the El Niño Southern Oscillation in the Pacific Ocean?
A.
Trade winds blow from east to west.
B.
Trade winds blow from west to east.
C.
Low pressure builds in the western Pacific.
D.
High pressure builds in the eastern Pacific.
E.
Equatorial currents move faster.
Question #57
Which is an example of coastal upwelling affecting weather onshore?
A.
Cold water is brought to the surface that chills the air above, inducing cool, wet weather.
B.
Cold water is transported away from the shore causing abnormally high temperatures.
C.
Southerly winds bring warm temperatures and dry weather.
D.
Dry, cold air is transported from the north, inducing drought conditions.
E.
A warm-water pool accumulates and warm moist air rises, inducing rainfall.
Need help with your exam preparation?
Get Answers to this exam for $6 USD.
Get Answers to all exams in [ Ocean 115 - Introduction to Oceanography ] course for $25 USD.
Existing Quiz Clients Login here