Phar 642 - Principles of Drug Action » Spring 2022 » CNS Pharmacology
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Question #1
What effect would a drug that inhibits the activity of glutamic acid decarboxylase have on amino acid neurotransmitter levels?
A.
Glutamate would decrease and GABA would decrease
B.
Glutamate would increase and GABA would increase
C.
Glutamate would increase and GABA would decrease
D.
Glutamate would decrease and GABA would increase
Question #2
What is the most direct consequence of activating a GABA-B receptor?
A.
Influx of excitatory ions
B.
Influx of inhibitor ions
C.
Increased activity of protein kinase A
D.
Decreased activation of adenylyl cyclase
Question #3
What is a step necessary for the activation of AMPA receptors?
A.
Prolonged intense stimulation
B.
Co-activation with glycine
C.
Displacement of magnesium
D.
Glutamate binding
Question #4
What is a potential result of increasing GABAergic input in the thalamocortical neurons of a patient who experiences absence seizures?
A.
No effect on absence seizures
B.
Increased frequency of seizures
C.
Reduced frequency of seizures
Question #5
What happens to glutamate receptors when a patient has Alzheimer disease?
A.
NMDA receptors become more sensitive
B.
GABA receptors become dysfunctional
C.
AMPA receptors become less sensitive
D.
Presynaptic autoreceptors become hyperactive
Question #6
What is the overall effect of flumazenil on the actions of GABA at GABA-A receptors?
A.
It increases GABA activity
B.
It has no effect on GABA activity
C.
It activates GABA receptors
D.
It decreases GABA activity
Question #7
What are the main clinical uses of etomidate and propofol?
A.
Anesthesia
B.
Seizures
C.
Anxiety
D.
Insomnia
Question #8
What is an example of a NMDA receptor antagonist used for Alzheimer disease?
A.
Rufinamide
B.
Felbamate
C.
Memantine
D.
Ketamine
Question #9
What enzyme converts L-DOPA to dopamine?
A.
Tyrosine hydroxylase
B.
DOPA decarboxylase
C.
catechol-O-methyltransferase
D.
Monoamine oxidase
Question #10
What dopamine receptors are located in the basal ganglia and in the area postrema?
A.
D4
B.
D5
C.
D3
D.
D2
Question #11
What is the impact of dopamine loss on the direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia in patients with Parkinson disease?
A.
Activity is increased in the direct and indirect pathways
B.
Activity is decreased in the direct pathway increased in the indirect pathway
C.
Activity is increased in the direct pathway and decreased in the indirect pathway
D.
Activity is decreased in the direct and indirect pathways
Question #12
A 24-year-old male patient that had been taking haloperidol for schizophrenia presented with gynecomastia. Decreased dopamine activity in what brain region most likely contributed to this adverse effect of haloperidol?
A.
Area postrema
B.
Mesocortical pathway
C.
Tuberoinfundibular pathway
D.
Nigrostriatal pathway
E.
Mesolimbic pathway
Question #13
In patients, what symptom is an indication of toxicity from L-DOPA?
A.
Dyskinesia
B.
Bradykinesia
C.
Hypokinesia
D.
Akinesia
Question #14
What is an example of a drug that prevents the conversion of L-DOPA to 3-o-methyldopa in the periphery?
A.
Rotigotine
B.
Entacapone
C.
Carbidopa
D.
Selegiline
Question #15
A 33-year-old female patient was prescribed a drug for schizophrenia that increases dopamine release in the mesocortical pathway while decreasing dopamine release in the mesolimbic system. What drug was the patient most likely prescribed?
A.
Risperidone
B.
Clozapine
C.
Haloperidol
D.
Quetiapine
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