Phar 642 - Principles of Drug Action » Spring 2022 » CNS Pharmacology
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Question #1
What effect would a drug that inhibits the activity of glutamic acid decarboxylase have on amino acid neurotransmitter levels?
A.
Glutamate would increase and GABA would decrease
B.
Glutamate would increase and GABA would increase
C.
Glutamate would decrease and GABA would decrease
D.
Glutamate would decrease and GABA would increase
Question #2
What is the most direct consequence of activating a GABA-B receptor?
A.
Increased activity of protein kinase A
B.
Decreased activation of adenylyl cyclase
C.
Influx of inhibitor ions
D.
Influx of excitatory ions
Question #3
What is a step necessary for the activation of AMPA receptors?
A.
Glutamate binding
B.
Prolonged intense stimulation
C.
Displacement of magnesium
D.
Co-activation with glycine
Question #4
What is a potential result of increasing GABAergic input in the thalamocortical neurons of a patient who experiences absence seizures?
A.
No effect on absence seizures
B.
Increased frequency of seizures
C.
Reduced frequency of seizures
Question #5
What happens to glutamate receptors when a patient has Alzheimer disease?
A.
GABA receptors become dysfunctional
B.
Presynaptic autoreceptors become hyperactive
C.
AMPA receptors become less sensitive
D.
NMDA receptors become more sensitive
Question #6
What is the overall effect of flumazenil on the actions of GABA at GABA-A receptors?
A.
It decreases GABA activity
B.
It activates GABA receptors
C.
It increases GABA activity
D.
It has no effect on GABA activity
Question #7
What are the main clinical uses of etomidate and propofol?
A.
Anesthesia
B.
Anxiety
C.
Insomnia
D.
Seizures
Question #8
What is an example of a NMDA receptor antagonist used for Alzheimer disease?
A.
Memantine
B.
Ketamine
C.
Felbamate
D.
Rufinamide
Question #9
What enzyme converts L-DOPA to dopamine?
A.
DOPA decarboxylase
B.
Tyrosine hydroxylase
C.
Monoamine oxidase
D.
catechol-O-methyltransferase
Question #10
What dopamine receptors are located in the basal ganglia and in the area postrema?
A.
D3
B.
D4
C.
D2
D.
D5
Question #11
What is the impact of dopamine loss on the direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia in patients with Parkinson disease?
A.
Activity is increased in the direct and indirect pathways
B.
Activity is decreased in the direct and indirect pathways
C.
Activity is increased in the direct pathway and decreased in the indirect pathway
D.
Activity is decreased in the direct pathway increased in the indirect pathway
Question #12
A 24-year-old male patient that had been taking haloperidol for schizophrenia presented with gynecomastia. Decreased dopamine activity in what brain region most likely contributed to this adverse effect of haloperidol?
A.
Mesolimbic pathway
B.
Tuberoinfundibular pathway
C.
Area postrema
D.
Nigrostriatal pathway
E.
Mesocortical pathway
Question #13
In patients, what symptom is an indication of toxicity from L-DOPA?
A.
Bradykinesia
B.
Hypokinesia
C.
Dyskinesia
D.
Akinesia
Question #14
What is an example of a drug that prevents the conversion of L-DOPA to 3-o-methyldopa in the periphery?
A.
Rotigotine
B.
Entacapone
C.
Carbidopa
D.
Selegiline
Question #15
A 33-year-old female patient was prescribed a drug for schizophrenia that increases dopamine release in the mesocortical pathway while decreasing dopamine release in the mesolimbic system. What drug was the patient most likely prescribed?
A.
Quetiapine
B.
Clozapine
C.
Haloperidol
D.
Risperidone
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