Biology 101 - General Biology » Spring 2022 » Exam 1
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Question #1
All of the organisms inhabiting a particular ecosystem are known as _____.
A.
a community
B.
a biosphere
C.
an organism
D.
a population
Question #2
All of the individuals if the same species living within a specified area are known as _____.
A.
family
B.
population
C.
ecosystem
D.
community
Question #3
The individuals in a species that are better able to survive and reproduce will pass more of their genes on to the next generation. This is called _____.
A.
beak selection
B.
a common ancestor
C.
natural selection
D.
gene flow
Question #4
Strong evidence for the common ancestry of all life comes from the fact that _____.
A.
plants convert light energy to chemical energy
B.
enzymes are used by all cells
C.
decomposers include both bacteria and fungi
D.
there is a universal genetic code
Question #5
A control group is _____.
A.
left alone by the experiments
B.
exposed to several variables
C.
kept in an unchanging environment
D.
matched with the experimental group except for one variable
Question #6
Which is NOT a characteristic of all living organisms?
A.
interaction with the environment
B.
emergent properties
C.
ability to photosynthesize
D.
use of DNA as the genetic material
Question #7
Which four elements make up approximately 96% of living matter
A.
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen
B.
carbon, oxygen, phosphorus, hydrogen
C.
carbon, sodium, hydrogen, nitrogen
D.
oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, nitrogen
Question #8
The atomic number of sulfur is 16, which means that sulfur has _____.
A.
16 protons
B.
16 neutrons
C.
16 protons and 16 neutrons
D.
8 protons and 8 neutrons
Question #9
Oxygen has an atomic number 8 and a mass number of 16. What is the atomic mass of oxygen
A.
approximately 8 grams
B.
approximately 8 amu (daltons)
C.
approximately 16 grams
D.
approximately 16 amu (daltons)
Question #10
Two atoms that have the same mass number must have the same _____.
A.
atomic number
B.
number of electrons
C.
number of protons + neutrons
D.
protons
Question #11
Which bond or interaction is the strongest?
A.
van der Waals interaction
B.
hydrophobic interaction
C.
covalent bond
D.
hydrogen bond
Question #12
For water to evaporate, _____ must be broken.
A.
polar covalent bonds
B.
nonpolar covalent bonds
C.
hydrogen bonds
D.
ionic bonds
Question #13
Too much atmospheric carbon dioxide damages coral reefs in the ocean. Which factor is a cause of this damage?
A.
increasing the H+ ion concentration
B.
increasing the amount of carbonate ions
C.
decreasing the ocean temperature
D.
decreasing the H+ concentration
Question #14
In a aqueous solution, a strong base like NaOH _____.
A.
acts as an acid
B.
decreases the pH
C.
is a strong buffer
D.
dissociates completely
Question #15
Will table salt (NaCl) dissolve more in methanol (a nonpolar substance ) or pure water?
A.
NaCl dissolves more in pure water
B.
NaCl dissolves more in methanol
Question #16
If the pH of a solution is decreased from pH 8 to pH 6, this means the solution is ____ times more acidic now.
A.
10
B.
100
C.
2
D.
1
Question #17
If the pH of a solution is increased from pH 5 to pH 7, this means the solution is ____ times more basic now.
A.
1
B.
100
C.
10
D.
2
Question #18
A group of atoms, commonly found together in biological molecules, that participates in reactions is called _____.
A.
polymer
B.
hydrocarbon
C.
isomer
D.
functional group
Question #19
A carbon atom is most likely to form _____ with other atoms.
A.
no bonds
B.
covalent bonds
C.
ionic bonds
D.
hydrogen bonds
Question #20
Which functional group in ATP is part of the process that releases energy for cells to use?
A.
methyl group
B.
amino group
C.
hydroxyl group
D.
phosphate group
Question #21
Reactions that build polymers are an example of _____ reactions.
A.
monomer
B.
hydrolysis
C.
dehydration
D.
breakdown
Question #22
The structural polysaccharide, cellulose, is found in _____.
A.
animal cell membranes
B.
bacterial cell walls
C.
amyloplast, plant organelles that store carbohydrates
D.
plant cell walls
Question #23
On foods packages, “fiber” refers to _____.
A.
starch
B.
fats
C.
proteins
D.
cellulose
Question #24
Lactose, a sugar in milk, is one glucose molecule bonded to one galactose molecule. Lactose is a(n) _____.
A.
disaccharide
B.
polysaccharide
C.
monosaccharide
D.
starch
Question #25
Which molecule are hydrophobic?
A.
nucleic acids
B.
proteins
C.
carbohydrates
D.
lipids
Question #26
Saturated fats ______.
A.
have multiple double bonds in their fatty acids
B.
are solid at room temperature
C.
are liquid at room temperature
D.
are more common in plants than in animals
Question #27
Hydrocarbons have mostly _____, which makes them insoluble in water.
A.
charged functional groups
B.
polar covalent bonds
C.
hydrophilic functional groups
D.
nonpolar covalent bonds
Question #28
Collagen is a protein made of three polypeptides. This means that collagen has _____ structure.
A.
tertiary
B.
primary
C.
secondary
D.
quaternary
Question #29
A β-pleated sheet is an example of _____ structure.
A.
tertiary
B.
secondary
C.
primary
D.
quaternary
Question #30
The secondary structure of a protein is the _____.
A.
complex of multiple protein subunits (polypeptides)
B.
three-dimensional shape of the protein
C.
α-helix or β-pleated sheet
D.
order of amino acids
Question #31
How many peptide bonds are present in a protein that contains 45 amino acids?
A.
44
B.
90
C.
46
D.
45
Question #32
The α-helix and β-pleated sheet are examples of _____ protein structure.
A.
quaternary
B.
tertiary
C.
secondary
D.
primary
Question #33
In a cellular protein, where would you expect to find a hydrophilic amino acid?
A.
on the outside of the protein, interacting with water
B.
on the inside of the protein, away from water
C.
on the outside of the protein, interacting with lipid molecules
D.
on the outside of a membrane protein, interacting with phospholipid fatty acid tails
Question #34
The tertiary structure of a protein is the _____.
A.
three-dimensional shape of the protein
B.
α-helix and β-pleated sheet
C.
complex of multiple protein subunits (polypeptides)
D.
order of amino acids
Question #35
One function of RNA molecules is to _____.
A.
copy DNA
B.
carry messages from DNA to ribosomes
C.
copy themselves
D.
pass genetic information to offspring
Question #36
Which statement about RNA is correct?
A.
RNA contains thymine (T).
B.
RNA is made of amino acids.
C.
RNA is single-stranded.
D.
RNA is double-stranded.
Question #37
The sequence GAACUU may be found in _____.
A.
both DNA and RNA
B.
neither DNA nor RNA
C.
RNA only
D.
DNA only
Question #38
DNA is made of _____.
A.
monosaccharides
B.
amino acids
C.
fatty acids
D.
nucleotides
Question #39
Which molecules is not a carbohydrate?
A.
polysaccharide
B.
starch
C.
disaccharide
D.
fatty acids
Question #40
A.
DNA and water reacting to form nucleotides
B.
starch and water reacting to form glucose molecules
C.
a dipeptide and water reacting to form two amino acids
D.
two glucose molecules reacting to form maltose and water
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