Biology 101 - General Biology » Spring 2022 » Exam 1
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Question #1
All of the organisms inhabiting a particular ecosystem are known as _____.
A.
a community
B.
an organism
C.
a biosphere
D.
a population
Question #2
All of the individuals if the same species living within a specified area are known as _____.
A.
family
B.
population
C.
ecosystem
D.
community
Question #3
The individuals in a species that are better able to survive and reproduce will pass more of their genes on to the next generation. This is called _____.
A.
gene flow
B.
beak selection
C.
a common ancestor
D.
natural selection
Question #4
Strong evidence for the common ancestry of all life comes from the fact that _____.
A.
plants convert light energy to chemical energy
B.
decomposers include both bacteria and fungi
C.
enzymes are used by all cells
D.
there is a universal genetic code
Question #5
A control group is _____.
A.
matched with the experimental group except for one variable
B.
exposed to several variables
C.
left alone by the experiments
D.
kept in an unchanging environment
Question #6
Which is NOT a characteristic of all living organisms?
A.
emergent properties
B.
ability to photosynthesize
C.
interaction with the environment
D.
use of DNA as the genetic material
Question #7
Which four elements make up approximately 96% of living matter
A.
carbon, sodium, hydrogen, nitrogen
B.
oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, nitrogen
C.
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen
D.
carbon, oxygen, phosphorus, hydrogen
Question #8
The atomic number of sulfur is 16, which means that sulfur has _____.
A.
16 neutrons
B.
16 protons
C.
16 protons and 16 neutrons
D.
8 protons and 8 neutrons
Question #9
Oxygen has an atomic number 8 and a mass number of 16. What is the atomic mass of oxygen
A.
approximately 16 amu (daltons)
B.
approximately 8 amu (daltons)
C.
approximately 16 grams
D.
approximately 8 grams
Question #10
Two atoms that have the same mass number must have the same _____.
A.
number of electrons
B.
protons
C.
number of protons + neutrons
D.
atomic number
Question #11
Which bond or interaction is the strongest?
A.
van der Waals interaction
B.
covalent bond
C.
hydrogen bond
D.
hydrophobic interaction
Question #12
For water to evaporate, _____ must be broken.
A.
nonpolar covalent bonds
B.
ionic bonds
C.
hydrogen bonds
D.
polar covalent bonds
Question #13
Too much atmospheric carbon dioxide damages coral reefs in the ocean. Which factor is a cause of this damage?
A.
increasing the amount of carbonate ions
B.
increasing the H+ ion concentration
C.
decreasing the H+ concentration
D.
decreasing the ocean temperature
Question #14
In a aqueous solution, a strong base like NaOH _____.
A.
decreases the pH
B.
is a strong buffer
C.
dissociates completely
D.
acts as an acid
Question #15
Will table salt (NaCl) dissolve more in methanol (a nonpolar substance ) or pure water?
A.
NaCl dissolves more in methanol
B.
NaCl dissolves more in pure water
Question #16
If the pH of a solution is decreased from pH 8 to pH 6, this means the solution is ____ times more acidic now.
A.
100
B.
10
C.
1
D.
2
Question #17
If the pH of a solution is increased from pH 5 to pH 7, this means the solution is ____ times more basic now.
A.
1
B.
10
C.
100
D.
2
Question #18
A group of atoms, commonly found together in biological molecules, that participates in reactions is called _____.
A.
polymer
B.
hydrocarbon
C.
functional group
D.
isomer
Question #19
A carbon atom is most likely to form _____ with other atoms.
A.
covalent bonds
B.
hydrogen bonds
C.
no bonds
D.
ionic bonds
Question #20
Which functional group in ATP is part of the process that releases energy for cells to use?
A.
methyl group
B.
amino group
C.
hydroxyl group
D.
phosphate group
Question #21
Reactions that build polymers are an example of _____ reactions.
A.
dehydration
B.
breakdown
C.
hydrolysis
D.
monomer
Question #22
The structural polysaccharide, cellulose, is found in _____.
A.
plant cell walls
B.
animal cell membranes
C.
amyloplast, plant organelles that store carbohydrates
D.
bacterial cell walls
Question #23
On foods packages, “fiber” refers to _____.
A.
starch
B.
fats
C.
proteins
D.
cellulose
Question #24
Lactose, a sugar in milk, is one glucose molecule bonded to one galactose molecule. Lactose is a(n) _____.
A.
monosaccharide
B.
polysaccharide
C.
starch
D.
disaccharide
Question #25
Which molecule are hydrophobic?
A.
proteins
B.
carbohydrates
C.
lipids
D.
nucleic acids
Question #26
Saturated fats ______.
A.
are more common in plants than in animals
B.
are liquid at room temperature
C.
are solid at room temperature
D.
have multiple double bonds in their fatty acids
Question #27
Hydrocarbons have mostly _____, which makes them insoluble in water.
A.
hydrophilic functional groups
B.
nonpolar covalent bonds
C.
charged functional groups
D.
polar covalent bonds
Question #28
Collagen is a protein made of three polypeptides. This means that collagen has _____ structure.
A.
tertiary
B.
secondary
C.
primary
D.
quaternary
Question #29
A β-pleated sheet is an example of _____ structure.
A.
secondary
B.
quaternary
C.
primary
D.
tertiary
Question #30
The secondary structure of a protein is the _____.
A.
order of amino acids
B.
three-dimensional shape of the protein
C.
complex of multiple protein subunits (polypeptides)
D.
α-helix or β-pleated sheet
Question #31
How many peptide bonds are present in a protein that contains 45 amino acids?
A.
45
B.
90
C.
44
D.
46
Question #32
The α-helix and β-pleated sheet are examples of _____ protein structure.
A.
quaternary
B.
primary
C.
secondary
D.
tertiary
Question #33
In a cellular protein, where would you expect to find a hydrophilic amino acid?
A.
on the outside of the protein, interacting with water
B.
on the outside of a membrane protein, interacting with phospholipid fatty acid tails
C.
on the outside of the protein, interacting with lipid molecules
D.
on the inside of the protein, away from water
Question #34
The tertiary structure of a protein is the _____.
A.
three-dimensional shape of the protein
B.
complex of multiple protein subunits (polypeptides)
C.
order of amino acids
D.
α-helix and β-pleated sheet
Question #35
One function of RNA molecules is to _____.
A.
pass genetic information to offspring
B.
copy DNA
C.
copy themselves
D.
carry messages from DNA to ribosomes
Question #36
Which statement about RNA is correct?
A.
RNA is single-stranded.
B.
RNA is made of amino acids.
C.
RNA contains thymine (T).
D.
RNA is double-stranded.
Question #37
The sequence GAACUU may be found in _____.
A.
RNA only
B.
neither DNA nor RNA
C.
DNA only
D.
both DNA and RNA
Question #38
DNA is made of _____.
A.
fatty acids
B.
nucleotides
C.
amino acids
D.
monosaccharides
Question #39
Which molecules is not a carbohydrate?
A.
starch
B.
fatty acids
C.
polysaccharide
D.
disaccharide
Question #40
An example of dehydration reaction is _____.
A.
two glucose molecules reacting to form maltose and water
B.
starch and water reacting to form glucose molecules
C.
DNA and water reacting to form nucleotides
D.
a dipeptide and water reacting to form two amino acids
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