Biology 101 - General Biology » Spring 2022 » Exam 1
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Question #1
All of the organisms inhabiting a particular ecosystem are known as _____.
A.
a population
B.
a community
C.
a biosphere
D.
an organism
Question #2
All of the individuals if the same species living within a specified area are known as _____.
A.
family
B.
population
C.
ecosystem
D.
community
Question #3
The individuals in a species that are better able to survive and reproduce will pass more of their genes on to the next generation. This is called _____.
A.
natural selection
B.
a common ancestor
C.
gene flow
D.
beak selection
Question #4
Strong evidence for the common ancestry of all life comes from the fact that _____.
A.
enzymes are used by all cells
B.
plants convert light energy to chemical energy
C.
decomposers include both bacteria and fungi
D.
there is a universal genetic code
Question #5
A control group is _____.
A.
left alone by the experiments
B.
kept in an unchanging environment
C.
matched with the experimental group except for one variable
D.
exposed to several variables
Question #6
Which is NOT a characteristic of all living organisms?
A.
interaction with the environment
B.
use of DNA as the genetic material
C.
emergent properties
D.
ability to photosynthesize
Question #7
Which four elements make up approximately 96% of living matter
A.
carbon, oxygen, phosphorus, hydrogen
B.
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen
C.
oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, nitrogen
D.
carbon, sodium, hydrogen, nitrogen
Question #8
The atomic number of sulfur is 16, which means that sulfur has _____.
A.
16 protons
B.
16 neutrons
C.
8 protons and 8 neutrons
D.
16 protons and 16 neutrons
Question #9
Oxygen has an atomic number 8 and a mass number of 16. What is the atomic mass of oxygen
A.
approximately 16 grams
B.
approximately 16 amu (daltons)
C.
approximately 8 amu (daltons)
D.
approximately 8 grams
Question #10
Two atoms that have the same mass number must have the same _____.
A.
atomic number
B.
protons
C.
number of protons + neutrons
D.
number of electrons
Question #11
Which bond or interaction is the strongest?
A.
hydrophobic interaction
B.
covalent bond
C.
hydrogen bond
D.
van der Waals interaction
Question #12
For water to evaporate, _____ must be broken.
A.
nonpolar covalent bonds
B.
ionic bonds
C.
polar covalent bonds
D.
hydrogen bonds
Question #13
Too much atmospheric carbon dioxide damages coral reefs in the ocean. Which factor is a cause of this damage?
A.
decreasing the H+ concentration
B.
decreasing the ocean temperature
C.
increasing the amount of carbonate ions
D.
increasing the H+ ion concentration
Question #14
In a aqueous solution, a strong base like NaOH _____.
A.
dissociates completely
B.
is a strong buffer
C.
acts as an acid
D.
decreases the pH
Question #15
Will table salt (NaCl) dissolve more in methanol (a nonpolar substance ) or pure water?
A.
NaCl dissolves more in methanol
B.
NaCl dissolves more in pure water
Question #16
If the pH of a solution is decreased from pH 8 to pH 6, this means the solution is ____ times more acidic now.
A.
2
B.
100
C.
1
D.
10
Question #17
If the pH of a solution is increased from pH 5 to pH 7, this means the solution is ____ times more basic now.
A.
1
B.
10
C.
100
D.
2
Question #18
A group of atoms, commonly found together in biological molecules, that participates in reactions is called _____.
A.
functional group
B.
hydrocarbon
C.
polymer
D.
isomer
Question #19
A carbon atom is most likely to form _____ with other atoms.
A.
covalent bonds
B.
no bonds
C.
hydrogen bonds
D.
ionic bonds
Question #20
Which functional group in ATP is part of the process that releases energy for cells to use?
A.
methyl group
B.
amino group
C.
hydroxyl group
D.
phosphate group
Question #21
Reactions that build polymers are an example of _____ reactions.
A.
hydrolysis
B.
breakdown
C.
monomer
D.
dehydration
Question #22
The structural polysaccharide, cellulose, is found in _____.
A.
bacterial cell walls
B.
amyloplast, plant organelles that store carbohydrates
C.
plant cell walls
D.
animal cell membranes
Question #23
On foods packages, “fiber” refers to _____.
A.
fats
B.
starch
C.
cellulose
D.
proteins
Question #24
Lactose, a sugar in milk, is one glucose molecule bonded to one galactose molecule. Lactose is a(n) _____.
A.
starch
B.
disaccharide
C.
monosaccharide
D.
polysaccharide
Question #25
Which molecule are hydrophobic?
A.
proteins
B.
nucleic acids
C.
carbohydrates
D.
lipids
Question #26
Saturated fats ______.
A.
are liquid at room temperature
B.
are solid at room temperature
C.
are more common in plants than in animals
D.
have multiple double bonds in their fatty acids
Question #27
Hydrocarbons have mostly _____, which makes them insoluble in water.
A.
hydrophilic functional groups
B.
polar covalent bonds
C.
charged functional groups
D.
nonpolar covalent bonds
Question #28
Collagen is a protein made of three polypeptides. This means that collagen has _____ structure.
A.
quaternary
B.
tertiary
C.
primary
D.
secondary
Question #29
A β-pleated sheet is an example of _____ structure.
A.
tertiary
B.
primary
C.
quaternary
D.
secondary
Question #30
The secondary structure of a protein is the _____.
A.
complex of multiple protein subunits (polypeptides)
B.
order of amino acids
C.
three-dimensional shape of the protein
D.
α-helix or β-pleated sheet
Question #31
How many peptide bonds are present in a protein that contains 45 amino acids?
A.
44
B.
45
C.
46
D.
90
Question #32
The α-helix and β-pleated sheet are examples of _____ protein structure.
A.
quaternary
B.
secondary
C.
tertiary
D.
primary
Question #33
In a cellular protein, where would you expect to find a hydrophilic amino acid?
A.
on the outside of a membrane protein, interacting with phospholipid fatty acid tails
B.
on the outside of the protein, interacting with lipid molecules
C.
on the inside of the protein, away from water
D.
on the outside of the protein, interacting with water
Question #34
The tertiary structure of a protein is the _____.
A.
α-helix and β-pleated sheet
B.
order of amino acids
C.
complex of multiple protein subunits (polypeptides)
D.
three-dimensional shape of the protein
Question #35
One function of RNA molecules is to _____.
A.
copy themselves
B.
pass genetic information to offspring
C.
carry messages from DNA to ribosomes
D.
copy DNA
Question #36
Which statement about RNA is correct?
A.
RNA is single-stranded.
B.
RNA is double-stranded.
C.
RNA contains thymine (T).
D.
RNA is made of amino acids.
Question #37
The sequence GAACUU may be found in _____.
A.
neither DNA nor RNA
B.
both DNA and RNA
C.
DNA only
D.
RNA only
Question #38
DNA is made of _____.
A.
monosaccharides
B.
amino acids
C.
nucleotides
D.
fatty acids
Question #39
Which molecules is not a carbohydrate?
A.
starch
B.
polysaccharide
C.
disaccharide
D.
fatty acids
Question #40
A.
two glucose molecules reacting to form maltose and water
B.
a dipeptide and water reacting to form two amino acids
C.
DNA and water reacting to form nucleotides
D.
starch and water reacting to form glucose molecules
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