California State University, Northridge » Psychology » Psychology 327 - Infancy and Early Childhood » Winter 2022

Psychology 327 - Infancy and Early Childhood » Winter 2022 » Chapter 5 Quiz

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Question #1

_________ felt that children moved naturally through different stages of cognitive development, based on biological predispositions and their own individual interactions with the world; _________ saw the children as more of an apprentice, learning through a social environment of other who had more experience.

A. Pavlov; Piaget

B. Vygotsky; Bandura

C. Watson; Skinner

D. Piaget; Vytgosky

Question #2

Polly spends her day discovering the world by putting almost everything she touches in her mouth. This implies that she is in Piaget's first cognitive stage known as the

A. concrete operational

B. preoperational stage

C. sensorimotor stage

D. formal operational stage

Question #3

An early form of sentence use consisting of only a few essential words is called

A. holophrase

B. motherese

C. telegraphic speech

D. transformational grammar

Question #4

When a child restricts a word to only a specific example, such as thinking that only the neighbor's lop-ear is a “bunny.”

A. overextension

B. underextension

C. holophrastic speech

D. immaturity

Question #5

This happens when a child thinks that a label applies to all objects that are similar to the original object, such as thinking all four-legged animals with tails are “horsies.”

A. overuse

B. underextension

C. overextension

D. telegraphic speech

Question #6

Jorge loves to play peek-a-boo with his baby brother. The realization that an object or person continues to exist even when out of sight is known as

A. joint symbolism

B. object permanence

C. habituation

D. object fixation

Question #7

Match the person to the form of learning they are well known for. Pavlov

A. operant conditioning - new or continued behaviors are impacted by new or continued consequences through reinforcement (increasing a behavior) and punishment (decreasing a behavior

B. classical conditioning - a conditional stimulus becomes associated with an unrelated unconditioned stimulus, in order to produce a behavioral response known as conditioned response

C. social learnig theory - learning through copying behaviors that were modeled by others

Question #8

Match the person to the form of learning they are well known for. Skinner

A. social learnig theory - learning through copying behaviors that were modeled by others

B. operant conditioning - new or continued behaviors are impacted by new or continued consequences through reinforcement (increasing a behavior) and punishment (decreasing a behavior

C. classical conditioning - a conditional stimulus becomes associated with an unrelated unconditioned stimulus, in order to produce a behavioral response known as conditioned response

Question #9

Match the person to the form of learning they are well known for. Bandura

A. classical conditioning - a conditional stimulus becomes associated with an unrelated unconditioned stimulus, in order to produce a behavioral response known as conditioned response

B. social learnig theory - learning through copying behaviors that were modeled by others

C. operant conditioning - new or continued behaviors are impacted by new or continued consequences through reinforcement (increasing a behavior) and punishment (decreasing a behavior

Question #10

Two-year-old Monica was playing with a balloon when it accidentally burst in her hands and frightened her. Now, whenever she sees a balloon, she starts to cry. This type of learning is called

A. operant conditioning

B. latent learning

C. classical conditioning

D. habituation

Question #11

Tyrese knows that when he runs over and stands quietly by his grandfather's chair, he will reach over and tickle her under his chin. _____ enables Tyrese to behave in this specific way to obtain a specific result.

A. operant conditioning

B. classical conditioning

C. aversive conditioning

D. habituation

Question #12

Telling a child they did a good job after they accomplish a task is an example of

A. negative reinforcement

B. positive reinforcement

C. socialization

D. punishment

Question #13

After seeing her mother scold the dog for barking, the next time he barks 18 month-old Seiko points her finger and tells him "no, no!" This is an example of

A. conditioning

B. social learning

C. reinforcement

D. shaping

Question #14

_________ memory involves memory of facts, concepts, and events that require conscious recall of information; _________ memory involves memory for completing actions that have developed with practice over time.

A. Explicit; implicit

B. Long-term; explicit

C. Short-term; episodic

D. Episodic; short-term

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