Phar 642 - Principles of Drug Action » Spring 2022 » Inflammation and Pain

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Question #1
What is a function of tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa)?
A.   Anti-inflammatory actions
B.   Fever initiation
C.   Inhibition of angiogenesis
D.   Expression of adhesion molecules
Question #2
What part of the arachidonic acid pathway increases the production of gastric mucus?
A.   Thromboxane A2
B.   Prostaglandin E2
C.   Lipoxygenase
D.   Leukotrienes
Question #3
A patient taking antihistamines felt drowsy shortly after each dose. What mechanism is most likely involved in this adverse effect?
A.   Decreased activity of inositol triphosphate
B.   Increased activity of phospholipase C
C.   Increased activity of diacylglycerol
D.   Decreased activity of adenylyl cyclase
Question #4
What molecular mechanism of action of corticosteroids most significantly contributes to their usefulness in the treatment of severe inflammation?
A.   Cyclooxygenase inhibition
B.   Leukotriene inhibition
C.   Phospholipase A2 inhibition
D.   Lipoxygenase inhibition
Question #5
A 10-year-old female stepped on a sharp object that penetrated the skin of her foot. She yelped in pain and hopped on the other foot. What type of pain did she experience that caused her to yelp?
A.   Breakthrough pain
B.   Neuropathic pain
C.   Visceral nociceptive pain
D.   Somatic nociceptive pain
Question #6
What type of pain would pelvic pain from menses be characterized as?
A.   Visceral pain
B.   Neuropathic pain
C.   Functional pain
D.   Breakthrough pain
Question #7
What effect does inflammation have on nociceptors?
A.   Nociceptors are activated by inflammatory molecules
B.   Nociceptors are activated and sensitized by inflammatory molecules
C.   Nociceptors are sensitized by inflammatory molecules
Question #8
What type of sodium channel found in pain neurons can be activate even with sustained depolarization?
A.   Nav1.7
B.   Nav1.9
C.   Nav1.8
D.   Nav1.3
Question #9
What is an example of hyperalgesia?
A.   Severe pain with movement, despite no injury
B.   Intense pain from mildly cold water
C.   Excruciating pain from a gentle slap on the back
D.   Pain from being brushed by a feather
Question #10
What opioid is a mixed agonist/antagonist of opioid receptors?
A.   Nalbuphine
B.   Codeine
C.   Methylnaltrexone
D.   Tramadol
Question #11
What is a demonstration of tolerance to a medication?
A.   Physical symptoms that occur when a medication is abruptly discontinued
B.   When the drug is no longer taken, withdrawal symptoms occur
C.   A higher dose is required to achieve the same effect as when the patient was initially started the medication
D.   Compulsive drug seeking behavior
Question #12
What analgesic has the highest risk of kidney injury AND gastrointestinal irritation as an adverse effect?
A.   Naproxen
B.   Morphine
C.   Acetaminophen
D.   Celecoxib
E.   Capsaicin
Question #13
What can be administered to patients in the case of acetaminophen overdose, if caught quickly?
A.   N-acetylcysteine
B.   Glutathione
C.   Naloxone
D.   N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine
Question #14
A 35-year-old female patient undergoing chemotherapy is considering cannabis as an option for pain control. How might cannabis be helpful for this patient’s pain?
A.   Chemicals in cannabis inhibit CB1 receptors, which decreases excitatory neurotransmission and thereby contributes to reduction of pain response
B.   Chemicals in cannabis activate CB2 receptors, which inhibits cancer cell growth that is contributing to the patient’s pain
C.   Chemicals in cannabis inhibit CB1 decreasing immune function
D.   Chemicals in cannabis activate CB1 receptors decreasing inflammation
E.   Chemicals in cannabis activate CB1 and CB2 receptors, reducing pain transmission and inflammation, respectively

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