Phar 642 - Principles of Drug Action » Spring 2022 » iRat 01

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Question #1
What is the correct order of the strength of chemical bonds that may occur between a drug and a receptor, from strongest to weakest?
A.   Ionic>Covalent>Hydrogen>Van Der Waals
B.   Ionic>Covalent>Van Der Waals>Hydrogen
C.   Covalent>Ionic>Hydrogen>Van Der Waals
D.   Covalent>Ionic>Van Der Waals>Hydrogen
Question #2
Suxamethonium is a drug that activates a type of ion channel permeable to sodium in neurons. What effect will this drug most likely have on neurons?
A.   Sodium will leave to cause hyperpolarization
B.   Sodium will leave to cause depolarization
C.   Sodium will enter to cause hyperpolarization
D.   Sodium will enter to cause depolarization
Question #3
GABA prevents neurotransmitter release when it interacts with GABA-B receptors, by decreasing the activity of protein kinase What other second messenger activity is also most likely decreased when GABA-B receptors are activated?
A.   Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)
B.   Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
C.   Diacylglycerol (DAG)
D.   Inositol triphosphate (IP3)
Question #4
β-adrenergic receptor activity can be altered when a phosphate group is added to certain amino acids located on the receptor. What cell-surface receptor would most likely mediate this process?
A.   Receptor threonine kinases
B.   Adenylyl cyclase
C.   Guanylate cyclase
D.   Receptor tyrosine phosphatases
Question #5
A new drug decreases the activity of selectins. What is the most likely purpose of this drug?
A.   Decrease electrical activity in neurons
B.   Killing of neoplastic (cancer) cells
C.   Reduced activity of cyclooxygenase enzymes
D.   Prevention of blood clot formation
Question #6
A drug company is developing an anticancer drug that works by inhibiting the activity of a nuclear receptor. What physicochemical property is most important to ensure the drug is able to reach the receptor target?
A.   Lipid soluble
B.   Hydrophilic
C.   Lipophobic
D.   Water soluble
Question #7
Drug A causes drug B to be metabolized faster, thus reducing drug A's overall effectiveness. What is this an example of?
A.   Physiological antagonism
B.   Chemical antagonism
C.   Competitive antagonism
D.   Non-competitive antagonism
E.   Pharmacokinetic antagonism
Question #8
What does the Kd of a drug measure?
A.   The concentration of a drug required to produce 50% response
B.   The concentration of a drug required to occupy all of the receptors
C.   The concentration required to occupy enough space receptors to produce a response
D.   The concentration of a drug required to occupy 50% of receptors
E.   The concentration of a drug required to produce the maximum response
Question #9
Why can’t a partial agonist produce the maximum tissue response. even if it occupies the same number of receptors as a full agonist?
A.   Partial agonists occupy spare receptors. which reduces their efficacy
B.   Partial agonists do not always activate the receptor when a drug-receptor complex forms
C.   partial agonists act as non-competitive antagonists of their receptor
D.   Partial agonists compete with full agonists. reducing the effectiveness of the full agonist
E.   The low potency of partial agonists means they can never produce the maximun response
Question #10
Three experimental drugs that interact with the cannabinoid type I receptor (CB1) were evaluated for their effect on the gastrointestinal system. The CB1 receptor, when activated, has an inhibitory effect on Gl activity. The first drug, Drug A, had no overall effect on Gl function. The second drug, Drug B, caused an overall increase in peristalsis and gastric acid secretion. The third drug, Drug C, caused an overall decrease in peristalsis and gastric acid secretion. Binding studies show that all three drugs bind to the active site on the CBI receptor. What type of drug is Drug B?
A.   Full Agonist
B.   Inverse Agonist
C.   partial Agonist
D.   Competitive Antagonist
Question #11
The concentration response curve for Drug A shifted to the left in the presence Of Drug B. The concentration of Drug A required to reach the maximum response was altered. What type of drug is Drug B?
A.   Negative Allosteric Modulator
B.   Inverse agonist
C.   Partial agonist
D.   Positive Allosteric Modulator
E.   Non-Competitive Antagonist
Question #12
Studies suggest that approximately 90% of beta-adrenoreceptors are spare receptors. What evidence would that this is true?
A.   The ligand has very Iow potency
B.   Receptors are active in the absence of ligand
C.   The ligand has a smaller EC50 than Kd
D.   The receptors are not only affected by antagonists
E.   The ligand has a very high Emax

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