Phar 642 - Principles of Drug Action » Spring 2022 » iRat 03

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Question #1
What part of the nervous system are we most likely to find oligodendrocytes?
A.   The efferent somatic nervous system
B.   The parasympathetic nervous system
C.   The central nervous system
D.   The sympathetic nervous system
Question #2
What region of the brain is involved in the formation of new memories?
A.   The hippocampus
B.   The frontal lobe
C.   The cerebellum
D.   The hypothalamus
Question #3
What neurotransmitter is primarily released from somatic neurons onto skeletal muscles to initiate skeletal muscle contraction?
A.   Norepinephrine
B.   Glutamate
C.   GABA
D.   Acetylcholine
Question #4
An experimental drug was found to cause vascular smooth muscle contraction due to directly binding to receptors in I vessels in a laboratory experiment. What is the most likely mechanism of action of this drug?
A.   Alpha 2 adrenergic receptor agonist
B.   Muscarinic receptor agonist
C.   Nicotinic receptors agonist
D.   Alpha 1 adrenergic receptor agonist
Question #5
A graduate student studying the effects of adrenergic and cholinergic drugs was testing 5 novel compounds. Each had an effect on the synaptic concentration of either acetylcholine or norepinephrine. Which drug would result in an increase in the concentration of a neurotransmitter?
A.   Drug C activates pre-synaptic alpha 2 adrenergic receptors
B.   Drug D activates post-synaptic muscarinic acetylcholine receptors
C.   Drug A inhibits acetylcholinesterase
D.   Drug B activates pre-synaptic norepinephrine transporters
Question #6
What receptor is located in the postganglionic neurons in both sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia?
A.   α adrenergic receptors
B.   nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
C.   muscarinic acetylcholine receptors
D.   β adrenergic receptors
Question #7
A patient with seasonal allergies had been self-medicating with an over-the-counter antihistamine. She had heard that the medication is "safe" and took a handful to try and improve her symptoms. She later presented with symptoms Of dry mouth and skin. constipation and various other symptoms. What receptors are most likely being antagonized to cause these symptoms?
A.   Beta 2 receptors
B.   Nicotinic receptors
C.   Alpha I receptors
D.   Muscarinic receptors
Question #8
What cranial nerve has parasympathetic fibers important in autonomic reflexes such as managing blood pressure?
A.   Trigeminal
B.   Trochlear
C.   Vagus
D.   Abducent
Question #9
What will happen to the excitability of a cell when a positive ion, such as potassium, leaves?
A.   It becomes less excitable
B.   There will be no change
C.   It becomes more excitable
Question #10
What type of ion channel is primarily responsible for conducting action potentials down axons?
A.   Ligand gated ion channels
B.   G-protein coupled receptors
C.   Voltage gated sodium channels
D.   Voltage gated calcium channels
Question #11
If a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in a muscle cell is continuously stimulated. What is the most likely result after prolonged exposure?
A.   The nicotinic receptor Will deactivate
B.   Voltage gated sodium channels will inactivate
C.   Voltage gated potassium channels Will remain open
D.   Voltage gated sodium channels Will Stay open
Question #12
What is the role of the S4 region of a voltage gated sodium channel?
A.   To ensure action potentials enter the relative refractory period.
B.   To protect neurons against overstimulation
C.   To ensure inactivation
D.   To open in response to depolarization
Question #13
A patient has a neurological disorder involving demyelination of neurons of the central nervous System. What disease does the patient most likely have?
A.   Multiple Sclerosis
B.   Myasthenia Gravis
C.   Epilepsy
D.   Guillain Barre Syndrome
Question #14
A novel drug works by shortening the time that voltage gated potassium channels are open. What impact Will this most likely have on action potentials?
A.   Repolarization Will take longer
B.   Depolarization will be faster
C.   Depolarization will take longer
D.   Repolarization Will be faster
Question #15
What is the most likely effect of activating a ligand-gated chloride channel such as a GABA-A receptor?
A.   Ions will enter the cell causing hyperpolarization
B.   Ions will enter the cell causing depolarization
C.   Ions Will exit the cell causing depolarization
D.   Ions will exit the cell causing hyperpolarization

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