Phar 642 - Principles of Drug Action » Spring 2022 » iRat 06

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Question #1
What cytokine type has anti-inflammatory effects?
A.   Tumor necrosis fator a
B.   Interferons
C.   Interleukin 2
D.   Interleukin 10
Question #2
What drug or drug class reduces activity in both the lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways?
A.   Montelukast
B.   Corticosteroids
C.   NSAlDs
D.   Acetaminophen
E.   Celecoxib
Question #3
What is an effect of histamine?
A.   Bronchodilation
B.   Sedation
C.   Increased Ca2+ influx into cardiac cells
D.   Decreased parietal cell intracellular Ca2+ levels
Question #4
What molecular mechanism most likely contributes to the sensation of pain due to inflammation?
A.   Inhibition of AMPA receptors
B.   Inhibition Of receptors
C.   Activation of nociceptors
D.   Activation of TRPA receptors
Question #5
A patient with a broken arm following a traffic accident noticed that even gently touching the skin near the injury caused pain. What type of pain sensitivity and mechanism are most likely responsible for this pain?
A.   Allodynia caused by increased sensitivity of central neurons
B.   Hyperalgesia caused by increased sensitivity of peripheral nociceptors
C.   Allodynia caused by increased sensitivity of peripheral nociceptors
D.   Hyperalgesia caused by increased sensitivity of central neurons
Question #6
What drug is mainly used for mild to moderate pain but does not reduce the levels of peripheral prostaglandins?
A.   Acetaminophen
B.   Celecoxib
C.   Ibuprofen
D.   Hydrocortisone
Question #7
What is most likely involved in the mechanism of hepatotoxicity with acetaminophen overdose?
A.   Degradation of phospholipase A2
B.   Increased secretion of glutathione
C.   Depletion Of N-acetylcysteine
D.   Accumulation of NAPQI
Question #8
What is more likely to occur with a non-selective COX inhibitor than a selective COX-2 inhibitor?
A.   Hepatotoxicity
B.   Adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency
C.   Decreased glomerular filtration
D.   Gastrointestinal irritation
Question #9
What opioid is considered a weak full agonist of mu receptors?
A.   Naltrexone
B.   Pentazocine
C.   Methadone
D.   Hydrocodone
E.   Morphine
Question #10
What opioid is long-acting due to its nature, rather than how it is formulated?
A.   Methadone
B.   Morphine
C.   Fentanyl
D.   Hydrocodone
E.   Oxycodone
Question #11
What statement is true about tolerance, dependence and addiction in relation to opioids?
A.   Addiction involves altered norepinephrine levels in the pons
B.   Dependence is associated with withdrawal symptoms
C.   Tolerance requires that the doses is decreased to avoid side effects
D.   Tolerance is most likely to be due to increased m receptor expression
E.   Dependence is primarily caused by disinhibition of mesolimbic dopamine pathways
Question #12
A patient was given morphine to treat pain associated with cancer. What molecular action most likely contributed to the analgesic effect of the drug?
A.   Inhibition of phospholipase C activity
B.   Stimulation Of adenylyl cyclase activity
C.   Blockade of Ca2+ channels on presynaptic nerve terminals
D.   Opening of Na+ channels on neuronal cell membrane
E.   Inhibition of the synthesis of inositol triphosphate/diacylglycerol (IP3/DAG)
Question #13
A patient was given an analgesic by transdermal patch to manage severe pain. He developed a fever and severe respiratory depression. What drug was most likely administered to the patient?
A.   Acetaminophen
B.   Ibuprofen
C.   Codeine
D.   Fentanyl
Question #14
What drug most likely produces its analgesic effect primarily through effects in the central nervous system?
A.   Acetaminophen
B.   Ibuprofen
C.   Celecoxib
D.   Aspirin
Question #15
A patient that had been involved in a traffic accident a year ago presented with burning, stabbing pain in her left arm and shoulder. Over-the-counter analgesics were ineffective and the pain was becoming unbearable. What drug is a first-line option for this patient's type of pain?
A.   A local anesthetic
B.   An NSAID
C.   An Opioid
D.   An SNRI

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