Phar 642 - Principles of Drug Action » Spring 2022 » iRat 06

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Question #1
What cytokine type has anti-inflammatory effects?
A.   Tumor necrosis fator a
B.   Interleukin 2
C.   Interleukin 10
D.   Interferons
Question #2
What drug or drug class reduces activity in both the lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways?
A.   Acetaminophen
B.   NSAlDs
C.   Celecoxib
D.   Montelukast
E.   Corticosteroids
Question #3
What is an effect of histamine?
A.   Decreased parietal cell intracellular Ca2+ levels
B.   Increased Ca2+ influx into cardiac cells
C.   Bronchodilation
D.   Sedation
Question #4
What molecular mechanism most likely contributes to the sensation of pain due to inflammation?
A.   Inhibition Of receptors
B.   Activation of nociceptors
C.   Inhibition of AMPA receptors
D.   Activation of TRPA receptors
Question #5
A patient with a broken arm following a traffic accident noticed that even gently touching the skin near the injury caused pain. What type of pain sensitivity and mechanism are most likely responsible for this pain?
A.   Hyperalgesia caused by increased sensitivity of central neurons
B.   Allodynia caused by increased sensitivity of central neurons
C.   Allodynia caused by increased sensitivity of peripheral nociceptors
D.   Hyperalgesia caused by increased sensitivity of peripheral nociceptors
Question #6
What drug is mainly used for mild to moderate pain but does not reduce the levels of peripheral prostaglandins?
A.   Celecoxib
B.   Ibuprofen
C.   Hydrocortisone
D.   Acetaminophen
Question #7
What is most likely involved in the mechanism of hepatotoxicity with acetaminophen overdose?
A.   Depletion Of N-acetylcysteine
B.   Accumulation of NAPQI
C.   Increased secretion of glutathione
D.   Degradation of phospholipase A2
Question #8
What is more likely to occur with a non-selective COX inhibitor than a selective COX-2 inhibitor?
A.   Decreased glomerular filtration
B.   Hepatotoxicity
C.   Gastrointestinal irritation
D.   Adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency
Question #9
What opioid is considered a weak full agonist of mu receptors?
A.   Pentazocine
B.   Methadone
C.   Hydrocodone
D.   Naltrexone
E.   Morphine
Question #10
What opioid is long-acting due to its nature, rather than how it is formulated?
A.   Methadone
B.   Fentanyl
C.   Oxycodone
D.   Morphine
E.   Hydrocodone
Question #11
What statement is true about tolerance, dependence and addiction in relation to opioids?
A.   Tolerance is most likely to be due to increased m receptor expression
B.   Tolerance requires that the doses is decreased to avoid side effects
C.   Addiction involves altered norepinephrine levels in the pons
D.   Dependence is associated with withdrawal symptoms
E.   Dependence is primarily caused by disinhibition of mesolimbic dopamine pathways
Question #12
A patient was given morphine to treat pain associated with cancer. What molecular action most likely contributed to the analgesic effect of the drug?
A.   Opening of Na+ channels on neuronal cell membrane
B.   Stimulation Of adenylyl cyclase activity
C.   Blockade of Ca2+ channels on presynaptic nerve terminals
D.   Inhibition of the synthesis of inositol triphosphate/diacylglycerol (IP3/DAG)
E.   Inhibition of phospholipase C activity
Question #13
A patient was given an analgesic by transdermal patch to manage severe pain. He developed a fever and severe respiratory depression. What drug was most likely administered to the patient?
A.   Ibuprofen
B.   Acetaminophen
C.   Fentanyl
D.   Codeine
Question #14
What drug most likely produces its analgesic effect primarily through effects in the central nervous system?
A.   Acetaminophen
B.   Celecoxib
C.   Ibuprofen
D.   Aspirin
Question #15
A patient that had been involved in a traffic accident a year ago presented with burning, stabbing pain in her left arm and shoulder. Over-the-counter analgesics were ineffective and the pain was becoming unbearable. What drug is a first-line option for this patient's type of pain?
A.   An SNRI
B.   A local anesthetic
C.   An NSAID
D.   An Opioid

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