Child Development 001 » 2019 » Midterm Exam
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Question #1
The following is true about Chomsky's theory of language acquisition:
A.
children learn language through a complex process of imitation and reinforcement.
B.
language learning depends on specific structure in the brain.
C.
the inability to learn language is due to specific brain dysfunctions.
D.
children have an inborn ability to learn language.
Question #2
According to Jean Piaget, the two elements of adaptation are:
A.
mental combinations and trial and error.
B.
assimilation and accommodation.
C.
goal- directed behavior and habituation.
D.
object permanence and circular reactions.
Question #3
What is the stage-five infant like according to Piaget
A.
child in terrible twos.
B.
mime who imitates behavior of all kind.
C.
scientist who experiments to see.
D.
neurotic who cannot take no for an answer.
Question #4
According to psychoanalytic theory, the prime focus of pleasure in early infancy is:
A.
the hands and feet.
B.
the stomach.
C.
the anus.
D.
the mouth.
Question #5
What is the awareness of things—responding to people and objects called?
A.
stage three of Piaget's sensorimotor stage
B.
stage four of Piaget's sensorimotor stage.
C.
stage two of Piaget's sensorimotor stage.
D.
stage one of Piaget's sensorimotor stages.
Question #6
An infant may experience ______ when there is an increased level of cortisol
A.
sadness.
B.
anger.
C.
well being.
D.
secure attachment.
Question #7
Babbling:
A.
is found only in infants from the Western Hemisphere.
B.
precedes cooing.
C.
is universal.
D.
occurs only if the infant can hear.
Question #8
This is reason wny brain weight triples in the first two years of life
A.
dendrites
B.
synapses
C.
axons
D.
neurons
Question #9
Breast milk:
A.
is more likely than formula to produce alleries.
B.
upsets the baby's digestive system more often than formulas.
C.
is deficient in iron and vitamin C.
D.
provides more iron and vitaminC and A than cow's milk.
Question #10
Children reach half their adult height by age:
A.
3 years
B.
6 years
C.
4 years
D.
2 years
Question #11
During the sensorimotor stage, the main task is to:
A.
think logically and critically.
B.
use senses and motor skills to understand the world.
C.
learn to use language to express sensations.
D.
think of past and future events.
Question #12
Hugh enjoys playing with your keys. When you take them away and place them in your pocket, Hugh does not search for them. Piaget would say that Hugh does not understand:
A.
egocentrism.
B.
conservation.
C.
object permanence
D.
affordances.
Question #13
If we place a dot of rouge on an 18 month old's nose and stand the child in front of a mirror, she may then touch her nose. This shows that the child has some:
A.
dynamic perception.
B.
social referencing.
C.
perceptual constancy.
D.
self awareness.
Question #14
In Erikson's theory, the infant's earliest task is described as that of:
A.
learning trust or mistrust.
B.
obtaining oral gratification.
C.
learning pain and pleasure.
D.
controlling bodily functions.
Question #15
Jan's mother calls him “high strung” because he is disturbed by even the slightest noise, is very hard to distract, and extremely fussy. The New York Longitudinal Study would call him:
A.
an extrovert.
B.
slow to warm up.
C.
difficult.
D.
hard to classify.
Question #16
Piaget called the active intellectual functioning of infants:
A.
adaptation.
B.
sensorimotor intelligence.
C.
object awareness.
D.
imitative learning.
Question #17
Secure attachment makes a toddler:
A.
cling to the mother.
B.
self-centered.
C.
try to talk.
D.
willing to explore.
Question #18
Sensation is demonstrated when a person:
A.
believes that two pizzas are the same size, regardless of the number of slices
B.
understands what someone is telling him
C.
is able to hear someone whispering
D.
solves a math problem correctly
Question #19
The area in the brain that plans, anticipates, and controls impulses is the last part of the brain mature. This area is:
A.
the striate cortex
B.
the temporal cortex
C.
the prefrontal cortex
D.
the parietal cortex
Question #20
At age ___ an average child can walk without assistance of a guardian
A.
2 years
B.
18 months
C.
1 year
D.
6 months
Question #21
The biological protection of the brain when malnutrition temporarily affects body growth is known as:
A.
head sparing
B.
brain overrride
C.
the blood brain barrier
D.
cephalo-sequential primary default
Question #22
The frontal areas of the cortex:
A.
are well developed in newborns.
B.
help us understand spoken words
C.
are responsible for visual functions
D.
assist with self control
Question #23
What do you call the nerve cells of the brain
A.
axon
B.
dendrites
C.
the cortex
D.
neurons
Question #24
The Piagetian sensorimotor stage, new means through active experimentation is in:
A.
stage three.
B.
stage four.
C.
stage six.
D.
stage five.
Question #25
The process by which underused neurons are inactivated is known as:
A.
plasticity.
B.
neuron deactivation.
C.
transient exuberance.
D.
pruning.
Question #26
According to Erikson, this refers to the second "crisis of life"
A.
trust vs. mistrust.
B.
industry vs. inferiority.
C.
autonomy vs. shame and doubt.
D.
the oral stage.
Question #27
Which of the following statements is true on the possible reasons that growing infants sleep as much as they do
A.
they are generating new leukocytes to fight infection during that time
B.
their parasymphathetic nervous system develops with the help of sleep neurotransmitters
C.
sleep is the only time when memories can be consolidated into permanency
D.
more growth hormones are released during sleep than during wakefullnes
Question #28
The baby exhibits _____ when a baby is upset because a caregiver is leaving
A.
solitary fear.
B.
fear of isolation.
C.
general anxiety.
D.
separation anxiety.
Question #29
When we revamp our old ways of thinking because of new information, Piaget calls this
A.
accommodation
B.
imitation.
C.
assimilation.
D.
historical context.
Question #30
When the body stops growing but the brain does not because nutrition is temporarily inadequate
A.
head-sparing.
B.
stunting.
C.
wasting.
D.
marasmus.
Question #31
When parents learn that their one year old brain is exhibiting transient exuberance, the parents
A.
are alarmed, because this news indicates that the frontal lobe area of Anna's cortex is immature.
B.
know that this process, in which axons become coated, is normal.
C.
smile, because they knoe their daughter's brain is developing new neural connections.
D.
worry, because this may indicate increased vulnerability to a later learning disability.
Question #32
Three week old Nathan should have the least difficulty focusing on the sight of:
A.
stuffed animals on a bookshelf across the room from his crib.
B.
the family dog as it dashes into the nursery.
C.
his mother's face as she holds him in her arms.
D.
the checkerboard pattern in the wallpaper covering the ceiling of his room.
Question #33
Most of the nerve cells a human brain will ever need are present:
A.
at conception.
B.
about one month following conception.
C.
at birth.
D.
at age 5 or 6.
Question #34
Six month old Sarah sucks harder on a nipple, evidences a change in heart rate, or stares longer at one image than at another when presented with a change of stimulus. This indicates that she:,Six month old Sarah sucks harder on a nipple, evidences a change in heart rate, or stares longer at one image than at another when presented with a change of stimulus. This indicates that she:,
A.
is both hungry and angry.
B.
perceives some differences between stimuli.
C.
is annoyed by the change.
D.
has become habituated to the new stimulus.
Question #35
Infant day care is of high quality if caregivers emphasize, among other things:,,
A.
each infant having his or her own playpen.
B.
sensorimotor exploration.
C.
a variety of caregivers every day.
D.
a regular nap and quiet time for all infants.
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