Child Development 001 » 2019 » Midterm Exam
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Question #1
The following is true about Chomsky's theory of language acquisition:
A.
language learning depends on specific structure in the brain.
B.
the inability to learn language is due to specific brain dysfunctions.
C.
children learn language through a complex process of imitation and reinforcement.
D.
children have an inborn ability to learn language.
Question #2
What are the two elements of adaptation according to Jean Piaget
A.
goal- directed behavior and habituation.
B.
mental combinations and trial and error.
C.
assimilation and accommodation.
D.
object permanence and circular reactions.
Question #3
According to Piaget, the stage-five infant is like:
A.
scientist who experiments to see.
B.
child in terrible twos.
C.
neurotic who cannot take no for an answer.
D.
mime who imitates behavior of all kind.
Question #4
According to psychoanalytic theory, the prime focus of pleasure in early infancy is:
A.
the mouth.
B.
the anus.
C.
the hands and feet.
D.
the stomach.
Question #5
What is the awareness of things—responding to people and objects called?
A.
stage three of Piaget's sensorimotor stage
B.
stage four of Piaget's sensorimotor stage.
C.
stage two of Piaget's sensorimotor stage.
D.
stage one of Piaget's sensorimotor stages.
Question #6
An infant may experience ______ when there is an increased level of cortisol
A.
anger.
B.
well being.
C.
secure attachment.
D.
sadness.
Question #7
Babbling:
A.
precedes cooing.
B.
is found only in infants from the Western Hemisphere.
C.
occurs only if the infant can hear.
D.
is universal.
Question #8
This is reason wny brain weight triples in the first two years of life
A.
synapses
B.
neurons
C.
dendrites
D.
axons
Question #9
Breast milk:
A.
provides more iron and vitaminC and A than cow's milk.
B.
is more likely than formula to produce alleries.
C.
is deficient in iron and vitamin C.
D.
upsets the baby's digestive system more often than formulas.
Question #10
By age _____ children reach half their adult height
A.
4 years
B.
6 years
C.
3 years
D.
2 years
Question #11
The main task during the sensorimotor stage is to
A.
think logically and critically.
B.
think of past and future events.
C.
learn to use language to express sensations.
D.
use senses and motor skills to understand the world.
Question #12
Hugh enjoys playing with your keys. When you take them away and place them in your pocket, Hugh does not search for them. Piaget would say that Hugh does not understand:
A.
object permanence
B.
affordances.
C.
conservation.
D.
egocentrism.
Question #13
If we place a dot of rouge on an 18 month old's nose and stand the child in front of a mirror, she may then touch her nose. This shows that the child has some:
A.
perceptual constancy.
B.
dynamic perception.
C.
self awareness.
D.
social referencing.
Question #14
An infant's earliest task according to Erickson's theory is
A.
obtaining oral gratification.
B.
learning pain and pleasure.
C.
controlling bodily functions.
D.
learning trust or mistrust.
Question #15
Jan's mother calls him “high strung” because he is disturbed by even the slightest noise, is very hard to distract, and extremely fussy. The New York Longitudinal Study would call him:
A.
slow to warm up.
B.
hard to classify.
C.
an extrovert.
D.
difficult.
Question #16
The active intellectual functioning of infants according to Piaget
A.
adaptation.
B.
imitative learning.
C.
object awareness.
D.
sensorimotor intelligence.
Question #17
The effect of secure attachment to a toddler
A.
willing to explore.
B.
cling to the mother.
C.
self-centered.
D.
try to talk.
Question #18
Which of the following demonstration sensation
A.
believes that two pizzas are the same size, regardless of the number of slices
B.
is able to hear someone whispering
C.
understands what someone is telling him
D.
solves a math problem correctly
Question #19
The area in the brain that plans, anticipates, and controls impulses is the last part of the brain mature. This area is:
A.
the prefrontal cortex
B.
the parietal cortex
C.
the temporal cortex
D.
the striate cortex
Question #20
At age ___ an average child can walk without assistance of a guardian
A.
18 months
B.
6 months
C.
1 year
D.
2 years
Question #21
The biological protection of the brain when malnutrition temporarily affects body growth is known as:
A.
head sparing
B.
cephalo-sequential primary default
C.
brain overrride
D.
the blood brain barrier
Question #22
What do you call the frontal areas of the cortex
A.
are responsible for visual functions
B.
assist with self control
C.
help us understand spoken words
D.
are well developed in newborns.
Question #23
What do you call the nerve cells of the brain
A.
neurons
B.
axon
C.
the cortex
D.
dendrites
Question #24
The Piagetian sensorimotor stage, new means through active experimentation is in:
A.
stage six.
B.
stage four.
C.
stage five.
D.
stage three.
Question #25
The process by which underused neurons are inactivated is known as:
A.
transient exuberance.
B.
plasticity.
C.
pruning.
D.
neuron deactivation.
Question #26
According to Erikson, this refers to the second "crisis of life"
A.
autonomy vs. shame and doubt.
B.
the oral stage.
C.
trust vs. mistrust.
D.
industry vs. inferiority.
Question #27
The text indicates that one of the possible reasons that growing infants sleep as much as they do is that:
A.
sleep is the only time when memories can be consolidated into permanency
B.
they are generating new leukocytes to fight infection during that time
C.
their parasymphathetic nervous system develops with the help of sleep neurotransmitters
D.
more growth hormones are released during sleep than during wakefullnes
Question #28
The baby exhibits _____ when a baby is upset because a caregiver is leaving
A.
solitary fear.
B.
separation anxiety.
C.
fear of isolation.
D.
general anxiety.
Question #29
When we revamp our old ways of thinking because of new information, Piaget calls this
A.
accommodation
B.
imitation.
C.
assimilation.
D.
historical context.
Question #30
When the body stops growing but the brain does not because nutrition is temporarily inadequate
A.
stunting.
B.
head-sparing.
C.
marasmus.
D.
wasting.
Question #31
Anna's pediatrician informs her parents that Anna's one year old brain is exhibiting transient exuberance. In response to this news, Anna's parents;
A.
smile, because they knoe their daughter's brain is developing new neural connections.
B.
know that this process, in which axons become coated, is normal.
C.
are alarmed, because this news indicates that the frontal lobe area of Anna's cortex is immature.
D.
worry, because this may indicate increased vulnerability to a later learning disability.
Question #32
Three week old Nathan should have the least difficulty focusing on the sight of:
A.
his mother's face as she holds him in her arms.
B.
stuffed animals on a bookshelf across the room from his crib.
C.
the family dog as it dashes into the nursery.
D.
the checkerboard pattern in the wallpaper covering the ceiling of his room.
Question #33
When are the nerve cells that a human brain will ever need become present
A.
at age 5 or 6.
B.
about one month following conception.
C.
at conception.
D.
at birth.
Question #34
Six month old Sarah sucks harder on a nipple, evidences a change in heart rate, or stares longer at one image than at another when presented with a change of stimulus. This indicates that she:
A.
is both hungry and angry.
B.
has become habituated to the new stimulus.
C.
perceives some differences between stimuli.
D.
is annoyed by the change.
Question #35
Infant day care is of high quality if caregivers emphasize, among other things:,,
A.
sensorimotor exploration.
B.
a regular nap and quiet time for all infants.
C.
a variety of caregivers every day.
D.
each infant having his or her own playpen.
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