Child Development 001 » 2019 » Midterm Exam
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Question #1
The following is true about Chomsky's theory of language acquisition:
A.
children learn language through a complex process of imitation and reinforcement.
B.
the inability to learn language is due to specific brain dysfunctions.
C.
language learning depends on specific structure in the brain.
D.
children have an inborn ability to learn language.
Question #2
What are the two elements of adaptation according to Jean Piaget
A.
goal- directed behavior and habituation.
B.
object permanence and circular reactions.
C.
mental combinations and trial and error.
D.
assimilation and accommodation.
Question #3
What is the stage-five infant like according to Piaget
A.
child in terrible twos.
B.
mime who imitates behavior of all kind.
C.
neurotic who cannot take no for an answer.
D.
scientist who experiments to see.
Question #4
According to psychoanalytic theory, the prime focus of pleasure in early infancy is:
A.
the stomach.
B.
the hands and feet.
C.
the anus.
D.
the mouth.
Question #5
What is the awareness of things—responding to people and objects called?
A.
stage three of Piaget's sensorimotor stage
B.
stage two of Piaget's sensorimotor stage.
C.
stage four of Piaget's sensorimotor stage.
D.
stage one of Piaget's sensorimotor stages.
Question #6
An increased level of cortisol is associated with an infant's:
A.
well being.
B.
secure attachment.
C.
sadness.
D.
anger.
Question #7
Which of the following statements is true about babbling
A.
precedes cooing.
B.
is found only in infants from the Western Hemisphere.
C.
occurs only if the infant can hear.
D.
is universal.
Question #8
Brain weight triples in the first two years of life primarily because of the growth of:
A.
axons
B.
synapses
C.
dendrites
D.
neurons
Question #9
Which of the following statements is true breast milk
A.
is more likely than formula to produce alleries.
B.
upsets the baby's digestive system more often than formulas.
C.
is deficient in iron and vitamin C.
D.
provides more iron and vitaminC and A than cow's milk.
Question #10
By age _____ children reach half their adult height
A.
4 years
B.
6 years
C.
2 years
D.
3 years
Question #11
The main task during the sensorimotor stage is to
A.
learn to use language to express sensations.
B.
think logically and critically.
C.
think of past and future events.
D.
use senses and motor skills to understand the world.
Question #12
Hugh enjoys playing with your keys. When you take them away and place them in your pocket, Hugh does not search for them. Piaget would say that Hugh does not understand:
A.
affordances.
B.
conservation.
C.
egocentrism.
D.
object permanence
Question #13
If we place a dot of rouge on an 18 month old's nose and stand the child in front of a mirror, she may then touch her nose. This shows that the child has some:
A.
self awareness.
B.
perceptual constancy.
C.
dynamic perception.
D.
social referencing.
Question #14
An infant's earliest task according to Erickson's theory is
A.
learning trust or mistrust.
B.
obtaining oral gratification.
C.
controlling bodily functions.
D.
learning pain and pleasure.
Question #15
Jan's mother calls him “high strung” because he is disturbed by even the slightest noise, is very hard to distract, and extremely fussy. The New York Longitudinal Study would call him:
A.
an extrovert.
B.
slow to warm up.
C.
hard to classify.
D.
difficult.
Question #16
Piaget called the active intellectual functioning of infants:
A.
sensorimotor intelligence.
B.
adaptation.
C.
object awareness.
D.
imitative learning.
Question #17
The effect of secure attachment to a toddler
A.
cling to the mother.
B.
willing to explore.
C.
self-centered.
D.
try to talk.
Question #18
Sensation is demonstrated when a person:
A.
solves a math problem correctly
B.
believes that two pizzas are the same size, regardless of the number of slices
C.
understands what someone is telling him
D.
is able to hear someone whispering
Question #19
The area in the brain that plans, anticipates, and controls impulses is the last part of the brain mature. This area is:
A.
the striate cortex
B.
the parietal cortex
C.
the prefrontal cortex
D.
the temporal cortex
Question #20
At age ___ an average child can walk without assistance of a guardian
A.
18 months
B.
6 months
C.
1 year
D.
2 years
Question #21
The biological protection of the brain when malnutrition temporarily affects body growth is known as:
A.
cephalo-sequential primary default
B.
the blood brain barrier
C.
head sparing
D.
brain overrride
Question #22
The frontal areas of the cortex:
A.
assist with self control
B.
help us understand spoken words
C.
are well developed in newborns.
D.
are responsible for visual functions
Question #23
What do you call the nerve cells of the brain
A.
dendrites
B.
axon
C.
the cortex
D.
neurons
Question #24
The Piagetian sensorimotor stage, new means through active experimentation is in:
A.
stage six.
B.
stage three.
C.
stage five.
D.
stage four.
Question #25
What do you call the process by which underused neurons are inactivated?
A.
pruning.
B.
plasticity.
C.
transient exuberance.
D.
neuron deactivation.
Question #26
According to Erikson, this refers to the second "crisis of life"
A.
industry vs. inferiority.
B.
the oral stage.
C.
trust vs. mistrust.
D.
autonomy vs. shame and doubt.
Question #27
Which of the following statements is true on the possible reasons that growing infants sleep as much as they do
A.
they are generating new leukocytes to fight infection during that time
B.
sleep is the only time when memories can be consolidated into permanency
C.
more growth hormones are released during sleep than during wakefullnes
D.
their parasymphathetic nervous system develops with the help of sleep neurotransmitters
Question #28
The baby exhibits _____ when a baby is upset because a caregiver is leaving
A.
general anxiety.
B.
separation anxiety.
C.
fear of isolation.
D.
solitary fear.
Question #29
According to Piage, _______ is when we revamp our old ways of thinking because of new information
A.
historical context.
B.
accommodation
C.
assimilation.
D.
imitation.
Question #30
When nutrition is temporary inadequate, the body stops growing but the brain does not. This is called:
A.
marasmus.
B.
wasting.
C.
head-sparing.
D.
stunting.
Question #31
Anna's pediatrician informs her parents that Anna's one year old brain is exhibiting transient exuberance. In response to this news, Anna's parents;
A.
smile, because they knoe their daughter's brain is developing new neural connections.
B.
know that this process, in which axons become coated, is normal.
C.
are alarmed, because this news indicates that the frontal lobe area of Anna's cortex is immature.
D.
worry, because this may indicate increased vulnerability to a later learning disability.
Question #32
Three week old Nathan should have the least difficulty focusing on the sight of:
A.
the family dog as it dashes into the nursery.
B.
stuffed animals on a bookshelf across the room from his crib.
C.
the checkerboard pattern in the wallpaper covering the ceiling of his room.
D.
his mother's face as she holds him in her arms.
Question #33
Most of the nerve cells a human brain will ever need are present:
A.
at birth.
B.
about one month following conception.
C.
at conception.
D.
at age 5 or 6.
Question #34
Six month old Sarah sucks harder on a nipple, evidences a change in heart rate, or stares longer at one image than at another when presented with a change of stimulus. This indicates that she:
A.
is annoyed by the change.
B.
has become habituated to the new stimulus.
C.
is both hungry and angry.
D.
perceives some differences between stimuli.
Question #35
Infant day care is of high quality if caregivers emphasize, among other things:,,
A.
a regular nap and quiet time for all infants.
B.
sensorimotor exploration.
C.
a variety of caregivers every day.
D.
each infant having his or her own playpen.
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