Child Development 001 » 2019 » Midterm Exam
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Question #1
The following is true about Chomsky's theory of language acquisition:
A.
children have an inborn ability to learn language.
B.
children learn language through a complex process of imitation and reinforcement.
C.
the inability to learn language is due to specific brain dysfunctions.
D.
language learning depends on specific structure in the brain.
Question #2
According to Jean Piaget, the two elements of adaptation are:
A.
goal- directed behavior and habituation.
B.
assimilation and accommodation.
C.
object permanence and circular reactions.
D.
mental combinations and trial and error.
Question #3
According to Piaget, the stage-five infant is like:
A.
mime who imitates behavior of all kind.
B.
neurotic who cannot take no for an answer.
C.
scientist who experiments to see.
D.
child in terrible twos.
Question #4
According to psychoanalytic theory, the prime focus of pleasure in early infancy is:
A.
the hands and feet.
B.
the stomach.
C.
the anus.
D.
the mouth.
Question #5
What is the awareness of things—responding to people and objects called?
A.
stage two of Piaget's sensorimotor stage.
B.
stage three of Piaget's sensorimotor stage
C.
stage four of Piaget's sensorimotor stage.
D.
stage one of Piaget's sensorimotor stages.
Question #6
An increased level of cortisol is associated with an infant's:
A.
sadness.
B.
anger.
C.
well being.
D.
secure attachment.
Question #7
Babbling:
A.
precedes cooing.
B.
is universal.
C.
is found only in infants from the Western Hemisphere.
D.
occurs only if the infant can hear.
Question #8
This is reason wny brain weight triples in the first two years of life
A.
axons
B.
neurons
C.
dendrites
D.
synapses
Question #9
Breast milk:
A.
provides more iron and vitaminC and A than cow's milk.
B.
is deficient in iron and vitamin C.
C.
is more likely than formula to produce alleries.
D.
upsets the baby's digestive system more often than formulas.
Question #10
By age _____ children reach half their adult height
A.
3 years
B.
6 years
C.
2 years
D.
4 years
Question #11
During the sensorimotor stage, the main task is to:
A.
think of past and future events.
B.
learn to use language to express sensations.
C.
use senses and motor skills to understand the world.
D.
think logically and critically.
Question #12
Hugh enjoys playing with your keys. When you take them away and place them in your pocket, Hugh does not search for them. Piaget would say that Hugh does not understand:
A.
affordances.
B.
object permanence
C.
egocentrism.
D.
conservation.
Question #13
If we place a dot of rouge on an 18 month old's nose and stand the child in front of a mirror, she may then touch her nose. This shows that the child has some:
A.
dynamic perception.
B.
social referencing.
C.
perceptual constancy.
D.
self awareness.
Question #14
In Erikson's theory, the infant's earliest task is described as that of:
A.
obtaining oral gratification.
B.
learning pain and pleasure.
C.
controlling bodily functions.
D.
learning trust or mistrust.
Question #15
Jan's mother calls him “high strung” because he is disturbed by even the slightest noise, is very hard to distract, and extremely fussy. The New York Longitudinal Study would call him:
A.
an extrovert.
B.
slow to warm up.
C.
hard to classify.
D.
difficult.
Question #16
Piaget called the active intellectual functioning of infants:
A.
object awareness.
B.
adaptation.
C.
imitative learning.
D.
sensorimotor intelligence.
Question #17
The effect of secure attachment to a toddler
A.
willing to explore.
B.
self-centered.
C.
try to talk.
D.
cling to the mother.
Question #18
Which of the following demonstration sensation
A.
is able to hear someone whispering
B.
solves a math problem correctly
C.
believes that two pizzas are the same size, regardless of the number of slices
D.
understands what someone is telling him
Question #19
The area in the brain that plans, anticipates, and controls impulses is the last part of the brain mature. This area is:
A.
the striate cortex
B.
the parietal cortex
C.
the prefrontal cortex
D.
the temporal cortex
Question #20
The average child can walk well unassisted at about:
A.
18 months
B.
1 year
C.
2 years
D.
6 months
Question #21
The biological protection of the brain when malnutrition temporarily affects body growth is known as:
A.
cephalo-sequential primary default
B.
head sparing
C.
brain overrride
D.
the blood brain barrier
Question #22
What do you call the frontal areas of the cortex
A.
assist with self control
B.
are well developed in newborns.
C.
are responsible for visual functions
D.
help us understand spoken words
Question #23
What do you call the nerve cells of the brain
A.
the cortex
B.
axon
C.
neurons
D.
dendrites
Question #24
The Piagetian sensorimotor stage, new means through active experimentation is in:
A.
stage four.
B.
stage three.
C.
stage five.
D.
stage six.
Question #25
What do you call the process by which underused neurons are inactivated?
A.
plasticity.
B.
pruning.
C.
neuron deactivation.
D.
transient exuberance.
Question #26
The second "crisis of life," according to Erikson, is:
A.
the oral stage.
B.
industry vs. inferiority.
C.
trust vs. mistrust.
D.
autonomy vs. shame and doubt.
Question #27
Which of the following statements is true on the possible reasons that growing infants sleep as much as they do
A.
sleep is the only time when memories can be consolidated into permanency
B.
they are generating new leukocytes to fight infection during that time
C.
their parasymphathetic nervous system develops with the help of sleep neurotransmitters
D.
more growth hormones are released during sleep than during wakefullnes
Question #28
The baby exhibits _____ when a baby is upset because a caregiver is leaving
A.
separation anxiety.
B.
fear of isolation.
C.
solitary fear.
D.
general anxiety.
Question #29
When we revamp our old ways of thinking because of new information, Piaget calls this
A.
historical context.
B.
imitation.
C.
assimilation.
D.
accommodation
Question #30
When the body stops growing but the brain does not because nutrition is temporarily inadequate
A.
head-sparing.
B.
stunting.
C.
marasmus.
D.
wasting.
Question #31
Anna's pediatrician informs her parents that Anna's one year old brain is exhibiting transient exuberance. In response to this news, Anna's parents;
A.
are alarmed, because this news indicates that the frontal lobe area of Anna's cortex is immature.
B.
know that this process, in which axons become coated, is normal.
C.
smile, because they knoe their daughter's brain is developing new neural connections.
D.
worry, because this may indicate increased vulnerability to a later learning disability.
Question #32
Three week old Nathan should have the least difficulty focusing on the sight of:
A.
the checkerboard pattern in the wallpaper covering the ceiling of his room.
B.
his mother's face as she holds him in her arms.
C.
stuffed animals on a bookshelf across the room from his crib.
D.
the family dog as it dashes into the nursery.
Question #33
Most of the nerve cells a human brain will ever need are present:
A.
at age 5 or 6.
B.
at conception.
C.
about one month following conception.
D.
at birth.
Question #34
Six month old Sarah sucks harder on a nipple, evidences a change in heart rate, or stares longer at one image than at another when presented with a change of stimulus. This indicates that she:
A.
has become habituated to the new stimulus.
B.
perceives some differences between stimuli.
C.
is both hungry and angry.
D.
is annoyed by the change.
Question #35
Infant day care is of high quality if caregivers emphasize, among other things:,,
A.
a regular nap and quiet time for all infants.
B.
sensorimotor exploration.
C.
a variety of caregivers every day.
D.
each infant having his or her own playpen.
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