Child Development 001 » 2019 » Midterm Exam
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Question #1
According to Chomsky's theory of language acquisition:
A.
language learning depends on specific structure in the brain.
B.
the inability to learn language is due to specific brain dysfunctions.
C.
children have an inborn ability to learn language.
D.
children learn language through a complex process of imitation and reinforcement.
Question #2
What are the two elements of adaptation according to Jean Piaget
A.
object permanence and circular reactions.
B.
assimilation and accommodation.
C.
goal- directed behavior and habituation.
D.
mental combinations and trial and error.
Question #3
According to Piaget, the stage-five infant is like:
A.
scientist who experiments to see.
B.
neurotic who cannot take no for an answer.
C.
mime who imitates behavior of all kind.
D.
child in terrible twos.
Question #4
What is the prime focus of pleasure in early infancy according to psychoanalytic theory
A.
the stomach.
B.
the mouth.
C.
the hands and feet.
D.
the anus.
Question #5
What is the awareness of things—responding to people and objects called?
A.
stage two of Piaget's sensorimotor stage.
B.
stage four of Piaget's sensorimotor stage.
C.
stage three of Piaget's sensorimotor stage
D.
stage one of Piaget's sensorimotor stages.
Question #6
An increased level of cortisol is associated with an infant's:
A.
sadness.
B.
anger.
C.
secure attachment.
D.
well being.
Question #7
Babbling:
A.
is found only in infants from the Western Hemisphere.
B.
precedes cooing.
C.
is universal.
D.
occurs only if the infant can hear.
Question #8
This is reason wny brain weight triples in the first two years of life
A.
neurons
B.
dendrites
C.
synapses
D.
axons
Question #9
Which of the following statements is true breast milk
A.
is deficient in iron and vitamin C.
B.
is more likely than formula to produce alleries.
C.
provides more iron and vitaminC and A than cow's milk.
D.
upsets the baby's digestive system more often than formulas.
Question #10
Children reach half their adult height by age:
A.
3 years
B.
6 years
C.
4 years
D.
2 years
Question #11
The main task during the sensorimotor stage is to
A.
learn to use language to express sensations.
B.
use senses and motor skills to understand the world.
C.
think of past and future events.
D.
think logically and critically.
Question #12
Hugh enjoys playing with your keys. When you take them away and place them in your pocket, Hugh does not search for them. Piaget would say that Hugh does not understand:
A.
affordances.
B.
egocentrism.
C.
conservation.
D.
object permanence
Question #13
If we place a dot of rouge on an 18 month old's nose and stand the child in front of a mirror, she may then touch her nose. This shows that the child has some:
A.
perceptual constancy.
B.
self awareness.
C.
social referencing.
D.
dynamic perception.
Question #14
In Erikson's theory, the infant's earliest task is described as that of:
A.
learning pain and pleasure.
B.
learning trust or mistrust.
C.
obtaining oral gratification.
D.
controlling bodily functions.
Question #15
Jan's mother calls him “high strung” because he is disturbed by even the slightest noise, is very hard to distract, and extremely fussy. The New York Longitudinal Study would call him:
A.
an extrovert.
B.
hard to classify.
C.
difficult.
D.
slow to warm up.
Question #16
The active intellectual functioning of infants according to Piaget
A.
object awareness.
B.
adaptation.
C.
imitative learning.
D.
sensorimotor intelligence.
Question #17
The effect of secure attachment to a toddler
A.
self-centered.
B.
cling to the mother.
C.
try to talk.
D.
willing to explore.
Question #18
Sensation is demonstrated when a person:
A.
understands what someone is telling him
B.
is able to hear someone whispering
C.
solves a math problem correctly
D.
believes that two pizzas are the same size, regardless of the number of slices
Question #19
The area in the brain that plans, anticipates, and controls impulses is the last part of the brain mature. This area is:
A.
the parietal cortex
B.
the temporal cortex
C.
the prefrontal cortex
D.
the striate cortex
Question #20
At age ___ an average child can walk without assistance of a guardian
A.
6 months
B.
2 years
C.
1 year
D.
18 months
Question #21
The biological protection of the brain when malnutrition temporarily affects body growth is known as:
A.
head sparing
B.
cephalo-sequential primary default
C.
the blood brain barrier
D.
brain overrride
Question #22
The frontal areas of the cortex:
A.
are responsible for visual functions
B.
assist with self control
C.
help us understand spoken words
D.
are well developed in newborns.
Question #23
The nerve cells of the brain are called:
A.
the cortex
B.
neurons
C.
axon
D.
dendrites
Question #24
The Piagetian sensorimotor stage, new means through active experimentation is in:
A.
stage four.
B.
stage six.
C.
stage three.
D.
stage five.
Question #25
What do you call the process by which underused neurons are inactivated?
A.
neuron deactivation.
B.
transient exuberance.
C.
plasticity.
D.
pruning.
Question #26
According to Erikson, this refers to the second "crisis of life"
A.
industry vs. inferiority.
B.
the oral stage.
C.
autonomy vs. shame and doubt.
D.
trust vs. mistrust.
Question #27
Which of the following statements is true on the possible reasons that growing infants sleep as much as they do
A.
more growth hormones are released during sleep than during wakefullnes
B.
sleep is the only time when memories can be consolidated into permanency
C.
they are generating new leukocytes to fight infection during that time
D.
their parasymphathetic nervous system develops with the help of sleep neurotransmitters
Question #28
When a baby is upset because a caregiver is leaving, the baby is exhibiting:
A.
fear of isolation.
B.
solitary fear.
C.
general anxiety.
D.
separation anxiety.
Question #29
When we revamp our old ways of thinking because of new information, Piaget calls this
A.
assimilation.
B.
imitation.
C.
historical context.
D.
accommodation
Question #30
When the body stops growing but the brain does not because nutrition is temporarily inadequate
A.
stunting.
B.
head-sparing.
C.
marasmus.
D.
wasting.
Question #31
Anna's pediatrician informs her parents that Anna's one year old brain is exhibiting transient exuberance. In response to this news, Anna's parents;
A.
know that this process, in which axons become coated, is normal.
B.
are alarmed, because this news indicates that the frontal lobe area of Anna's cortex is immature.
C.
worry, because this may indicate increased vulnerability to a later learning disability.
D.
smile, because they knoe their daughter's brain is developing new neural connections.
Question #32
Three week old Nathan should have the least difficulty focusing on the sight of:
A.
the checkerboard pattern in the wallpaper covering the ceiling of his room.
B.
the family dog as it dashes into the nursery.
C.
his mother's face as she holds him in her arms.
D.
stuffed animals on a bookshelf across the room from his crib.
Question #33
Most of the nerve cells a human brain will ever need are present:
A.
at age 5 or 6.
B.
at birth.
C.
about one month following conception.
D.
at conception.
Question #34
Six month old Sarah sucks harder on a nipple, evidences a change in heart rate, or stares longer at one image than at another when presented with a change of stimulus. This indicates that she:
A.
perceives some differences between stimuli.
B.
is annoyed by the change.
C.
has become habituated to the new stimulus.
D.
is both hungry and angry.
Question #35
Infant day care is of high quality if caregivers emphasize, among other things:,,
A.
a regular nap and quiet time for all infants.
B.
sensorimotor exploration.
C.
each infant having his or her own playpen.
D.
a variety of caregivers every day.
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