Phar 642 - Principles of Drug Action » Spring 2022 » Renal and Cardiovascular Pharmacology
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Question #1
What effect would an increase in stroke volume most likely have on cardiac output and blood pressure (without autonomic compensatory mechanisms)?
A.
Decreased cardiac output and blood pressure
B.
Increased cardiac output and decreased blood pressure
C.
Increased cardiac output and blood pressure
D.
Decreased cardiac output and Increased blood pressure
Question #2
What is the primary effect of antidiuretic hormone secretion?
A.
Increased sodium reabsorption
B.
Increased water reabsorption
C.
Decreased water reabsorption
D.
Decreased sodium reabsorption
Question #3
What is an effect of nitric oxide?
A.
Conversion of cyclic guanosine monophosphate to guanosine triphosphate
B.
Inhibition of guanylyl cyclase
C.
Inhibition of potassium channels
D.
Inhibition of calcium channels
Question #4
What diuretic class is most likely to lead to calcium deficiency?
A.
Loops diuretics
B.
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
C.
Potassium sparing diuretics
D.
Thiazide diuretics
Question #5
What type of antihypertensive drug would be least likely to cause hyperkalemia (elevated serum potassium)?
A.
Angiotensin receptor blocker
B.
ACE inhibitor
C.
Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
D.
Potassium sparing diuretic
Question #6
If a drug increases inotropy, what is it most likely to do to the heart?
A.
Decreased preload
B.
Decreased afterload
C.
Increased heart rate
D.
Increased cardiac contractility
Question #7
What is the correct order of cardiac impulse conduction through the heart?
A.
SA node -> Purkinje fibers -> Bundle branches
B.
AV node -> Purkinje fibers -> Bundle branches
C.
AV node -> SA node -> Atria
D.
SA node -> AV node -> Bundle of His
Question #8
What is happening to ion diffusion across pacemaker cells during phase 4 of an action potential?
A.
Calcium influx and potassium efflux
B.
Sodium influx
C.
Potassium effflux
D.
Calcium influx
Question #9
An ECG showed that a patient had a delay between the P-wave (represents atrial depolarization) and QRS complex (represents ventricular depolarization). What underlying mechanism is most likely responsible for this delay?
A.
Re-entry
B.
Altered automaticity
C.
Triggered activity
D.
Conduction block
Question #10
A 45-year-old male patient was prescribed a class IC antiarrhythmic drug. What cardiomyocyte action potential phase would most likely be prolonged?
A.
Phase 1
B.
Phase 3
C.
Phase 4
D.
Phase 2
Question #11
A 75-year-old male patient with a history of chronic heart failure presented with an episode of acute decompensation. What type of drugs should be avoided in this patient?
A.
Beta-blockers
B.
ACE-inhibitors
C.
Inotropes
D.
Loop diuretics
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