A.   bypassing relevant agencies

B.   appealing to the majority interest

C.   limiting the number of advisers

D.   bringing in external advisers

A.   the military

B.   diplomats

C.   government leaders

D.   the human brain

A.   goals

B.   determination

C.   perceptions

D.   emotions

A.   Decision makers use a reference point for comparison.

B.   Decision makers work to avoid future catastrophic events.

C.   Decision makers attach their own feelings onto another actor.

D.   Decision makers assess the value of other decision makers.

A.   Politicians are judged by the electorate.

B.   Democracies allow for the secrecy of the government.

C.   Many actors exist to keep track of decisions made.

D.   Voters face an overabundance of information.

A.   trying to influence elite opinions, which will, in turn, influence mass opinion

B.   trying to confuse an adversary by sending mixed policy signals

C.   adopting a foreign policy to distract public attention from domestic issues

D.   lobbying foreign governments to change their foreign policy

A.   Legislative

B.   Executive

C.   Judicial

A.   the military, Congress, and the executive branch

B.   the executive branch, Congress, and the judiciary

C.   governmental agencies, industrial corporations, and research institutes

D.   defense contractors, lobbyists, and research institutes

A.   the various agencies of a state always take the same side on an issue (e.g., defense ministries always favor military strength)

B.   bargaining among agencies suggests that a state does not have a single national interest

C.   representatives of agencies promote only the interests of their own bureaucracy

D.   the various agencies of a state are generally in agreement on the foreign policies to be pursued

A.   lack of a direct connection with foreign policy issues

B.   American isolationism

C.   lack of access to information

D.   the American educational system