A.    Industry 

B.   Role confusion

C.    Inferiority

D.   Shame

A.   Autonomy

B.   Identity

C.   Industry

D.   Trust

A.   Experience role confusion

B.   reject conventional standards for moral behavior

C.   Compare their own characteristics to those of peers

D.   Describe themselves in unrealistically positive terms

A.   experience shame, the negative outcome of middle childhood

B.   Develop a strong sense of superiority

C.   Form an ideal self that they use to evaluate their real self 

D.   Seldom look to people beyond the family for information about themselves 

A.   School-age children often avoid making social comparisons when describing themselves

B.   In middle childhood, self-descriptions rarely include reference to social groups

C.   As children move into adolescences, self concept is increasingly vested in feedback from close friends

D.   A large discrepancy between an ideal self and a real self boosts self esteem

A.   Perceived physical appearance correlates more strongly with overall self-worth than any other self-esteem factor

B.   Throughout middle childhood, girls' self esteem tends to be higher than boys'

C.   From fourth grade on, self esteem drops for the majority of young people

D.   Children's self evaluations become increasingly vague and overlapping with age

A.   Have permissive parents

B.   Attend school where their SES and ethnic groups are well-represented

C.   Attend schools in high SES neighborhoods, regardless of their own SES

D.   Spend longer hours in child care

A.    Encourage their children to stave for worthwhile goals

B.   Use frequent social comparisons 

C.   Use a firm, controlling parenting style

D.   Make decisions for their children 

A.   The malicious intent of another person

B.   Insufficient effort

C.   Ability

D.   Bad luck

A.   Ability

B.   Effort

C.   Intelligence

D.   Luck 

A.   Following a failure, children are given repeated feedback that helps them revise their attributions, such as "You can do it if you try harder."

B.   Attribution retraining encourages children to believe that success should be attributed to ability, rather than luck or effort

C.   Attribution retraining is an alternative to instruction in effective strategies and self-regulation

D.   One approach is to encourage low-effort students to focus more on grades and less on mastering a task for individual improvement 

A.    Lying and cheating

B.    Depressive symptoms

C.   Ignoring responsibilities 

D.   Intentional wrongdoing

A.   Negative emotions are more frequent than positive emotions

B.   Postive and negative emotions cannot be experienced simultaneously 

C.   Tone of voice is a more accurate predicator of emotion than facial expressions

D.   People's expressions may not reflect their true feelings

A.   Appraise the situation as changeable, identify the difficulty and decide what to do about it 

B.   Opt for distraction when faced with outcomes beyond their control, such as receiving a bad grade

C.   Redefine the situation and appraise it as unchangeable 

D.   Think about thinking 

A.   Have internalized rules for good conduct 

B.   Begin to recognize that the context of behavior is more important than the intent

C.   Reject conventional standards for moral behavior

D.   Pick up morally relevant behaviors,but do not understand the reasons behind them

A.   Helen, who views others traits as fixed

B.   Angie, who has very low self esteem

C.   Jane, who has overly high self esteem 

D.   Lisa, who views others traits as changeable

A.   Church

B.   home

C.   Extended family 

D.   Society of peers

A.   Are anxious, unhappy, and low in self-esteem

B.   Include "tough" boys and relationally aggressive boys and girls

C.   Combine academic and social competence

D.   Show high rates of absenteeism and prosocial behavior

A.   Popular-prosocial 

B.   Rejected-withdrawn

C.   Popular-aggressive

D.   Rejected-assertive

A.   Bullying often comes to an end

B.    The children are more likely to team up and retaliate against the bully

C.   The new friend is often ostracized by other children 

D.   The bully often targets the new friend

A.   Personal defense 

B.   Public speaking

C.   Positive social skills

D.   Public speaking

A.   Music; masculine

B.   Language arts; masculine

C.   physical education; feminine

D.   Reading; feminine

A.   Uninvolved 

B.   Authoritative 

C.   Authoritarian 

D.   Permissive

A.   Coregulation

B.   Transitive inference 

C.   Permissive parenting

D.   Distributive justice

A.    Is a permissive child-rearing style where the child takes responsibly or making rules

B.   Is an agreement between parents and other caregivers to be consistent with rules 

C.    involves from parental control and greater child dependence

D.   Involves general parental oversight while letting the child make moment by moment decisions 

A.   Fathers are more knowledgeable than mothers about children's everyday activities 

B.   Fathers spend more time than meters with school-age children 

C.   Each parents tends to devote more time to children of his or her own sex

D.   Fathers engage in as much caregiving as mothers

A.   Higher intelligence 

B.   More immature social behavior 

C.   More gender-stereotyped beliefs

D.   Lower achievement 

A.   Have fewer emotional difficulties

B.   Are less likely to bend to peer pressure

C.   Are more likely to engage in antisocial behavior

D.   Show greater academic achievement 

A.   Self-care

B.   Rejected

C.   Controversial

D.   After-care

A.   The dark 

B.   Peer rejection

C.   Thunder and lightning

D.   Ghosts and goblins

A.   Impulsive

B.    Inhibited

C.   Easy

D.   Active

A.   Adjust better when allowed to face their abuser in court 

B.   Usually tell a parent or teacher what has happened

C.   Frequently displayed precocoious sexual knowledge and behavior 

D.   Trend to avoid sexual activity in adolescence 

A.   There is a strong relationship between stressful experiences and psychological disturbance 

B.   Often just one or a few protective factors account for a child being "stress-resilient"

C.   Traits and experiences that protect children against psychological disturbance are unknown

A.   Is less common among children whose parents use an authoritative child rearing style

B.   Enables children to use internal and external resources to cope with adversity

C.   Is less common among children with a mastery-oriented approach to new situations

D.   Is a preexisting attribute weather than a capacity that develops over time

A.   Direct exposure to frightening events

B.   School or neighborhood bullies

C.   Exposure to fairy tales

D.   Exposure to negative information in media 

A.   11 to 13 year old, fears a bully

B.   5 to 7 year old is afraid of academic failure

C.   8 to 10 year old has permissive parents 

D.   8 to 10 year old, is afraid to be separated from his mother

A.   More adjustment problems 

B.   Fewer behavior problems

C.   Better relationships with their parents

D.   Higher self-esteem

A.   Liem, his 3 year old son

B.   Kate, his 9 year old daughter

C.   Harry, his 6 year old son

D.   Max, his 11 year old son

A.   Joint custody 

B.   Divorce mediation

C.   Coregulation

D.   Mediated custody

A.   Coparenting 

B.   Joint physical custody

C.   Mediation 

D.   Authoritarian parenting