Music 306 - Introduction to Jazz » Spring 2022 » CH 07-11 Review Quiz

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Question #1
Which historical event coincided with the beginning of the Swing Era?
A.   the stock market crash of 1929
B.   the armistice marking the end of World War I
C.   Hitler’s invasion of Poland
D.   the publication of Einstein’s Theory of Relativity
Question #2
Who was the primary audience for swing music?
A.   war veterans
B.   teenagers
C.   urban professionals
D.   rural southerners
Question #3
Which best describes how swing music related to the rest of the entertainment industry?
A.   Swing bands avoided songs that were heard in movies.
B.   Swing bands derived the majority of their repertoire from movies.
C.   Swing bands drew from the same repertoire of popular songs that was distributed via radio, movies, sheet music, and jukeboxes.
D.   Swing bands provided entertainment for an older population that was underserved by other popular styles.
Question #4
Each of the following skills was expected of all swing musicians EXCEPT:
A.   sight-read music efficiently
B.   dance during the band’s performance
C.   play their instrument flawlessly
D.   improvise convincingly
Question #5
During the Swing Era, the string bass replaced which instrument in the big band’s rhythm section?
A.   tuba
B.   baritone saxophone
C.   guitar
D.   banjo
Question #6
What style of jazz did the Benny Goodman Orchestra perform?
A.   semiclassical arrangements by William Grant Still and Eddie Sauter
B.   head arrangements by members of the band
C.   sweet arrangements by white arrangers such as Ferde Grofé
D.   hot arrangements by black arrangers including Fletcher Henderson and Benny Carter
Question #7
Which musical entrepreneur and activist motivated Benny Goodman to perform with an integrated small group?
A.   Norman Granz
B.   John Hammond
C.   Leonard Feather
D.   Joe Glaser
Question #8
Which Swing Era bandleader was a virtuoso clarinetist, included a string section in his dance band, was married eight times, and periodically left the music business?
A.   Woody Shaw
B.   Artie Shaw
C.   Benny Goodman
D.   Glenn Miller
Question #9
Which Swing Era bandleader danced and sang songs with scat lyrics, dressed in zoot suit style, followed Duke Ellington’s band at the Cotton Club, and had a hit with “Minnie the Moocher”?
A.   Benny Goodman
B.   Glenn Miller
C.   Cab Calloway
D.   Lionel Hampton
Question #10
While female pianist wrote arrangements for Andy Kirk's and Benny Goodman's big bands?
A.   Clora Bryant
B.   Miriam McPartland
C.   Mary Lou Williams
D.   Valaida Snow
Question #11
What was the name of the multicultural all-female big band that was founded at the Piney Woods School?
A.   International Sweethearts of Rhythm
B.   Sweethearts of Rhythm
C.   The Ingenues
D.   Coquettes
Question #12
All of the following are true of boogie-woogie EXCEPT:
A.   distinguished by its driving ostinatos played by the pianist’s right hand
B.   blues piano style
C.   played by solo pianists in barrelhouses and speakeasies during the Swing Era
D.   includes percussive cross-rhythms between the pianist’s two hands
Question #13
Count Basie is thought of as a Kansas City musician but he is actually from which state?
A.   Pennsylvania
B.   New Jersey
C.   New York
D.   Missouri
Question #14
Why are Kansas City-style compositions referred to as head arrangements?
A.   the leader of each section is responsible for writing out the parts
B.   the written parts are very complicated and require a lot of thinking
C.   they are composed by the head of the ensemble
D.   the complete arrangements are stored in the heads of the band members
Question #15
Kansas City jam sessions were famous for:
A.   increasing the national public profile of the best territory bands
B.   being a place to hear the most polished professional bands in the Southwest
C.   providing lucrative performance opportunities for up-and-coming musicians
D.   having songs that lasted well over an hour
Question #16
All of the following were challenges faced by the Basie band as they established themselves as a national act EXCEPT:
A.   learning traditional dance band repertoire
B.   improving the band’s musical consistency
C.   refining a more reserved approach to swing
D.   expanding from nine musicians to fifteen
Question #17
All of the following describe Duke Ellington’s compositional process EXCEPT:
A.   He used visual images or scenes to stimulate the composition process.
B.   He involved the musicians in his orchestra in the composition process.
C.   He wrote down ideas wherever he was, including on the train.
D.   He worked primarily in isolation.
Question #18
Ellington’s 1943 extended work in which he attempted to depict “the history of the American Negro” is called:
A.   Black and Tan Fantasy
B.   Black, Brown, and Beige
C.   Symphony in Black
D.   Diminuendo and Crescendo in Black
Question #19
Billy Strayhorn’s first composition for the Ellington band was based on what piece of information?
A.   a riff that Ellington scribbled on a napkin
B.   directions on how to get to Harlem
C.   Strayhorn’s childhood nickname
D.   an indicator of Strayhorn’s health
Question #20
The classic recording of Billy Strayhorn’s “Blood Count” features which Ellingtonian saxophonist as soloist?
A.   Ben Webster
B.   Juan Tizol
C.   Cootie Williams
D.   Johnny Hodges
Question #21
What was the main impetus for star soloists of the Swing Era to develop strikingly distinct individual approaches to timbre, melody, and rhythm?
A.   A resurgence of interest in vaudeville required musicians to caricature their own sounds.
B.   Increased film opportunities led to stark musical branding.
C.   They were given short solo breaks and wanted to be sure that radio audiences could identify them quickly.
D.   Poor recording fidelity meant that subtle stylistic details were inaudible.
Question #22
All of the following are true of 1940s jam sessions EXCEPT:
A.   occurred after hours
B.   eventually drew a large audience as formal, staged events
C.   provided an opportunity for musicians to experiment
D.   participation was expressly forbidden by many top bandleaders
Question #23
Which of the following professional opportunities was NOT available to top jazz musicians in the 1940s?
A.   working on records
B.   playing on movie soundtracks
C.   playing in pit bands
D.   soloing with symphony orchestras
Question #24
Why can Coleman Hawkins be convincingly described as the father of the jazz tenor saxophone?
A.   By establishing a strong jazz style on the instrument, he ended its previously comic or novelty image.
B.   He was the first tenor saxophonist to play jazz.
C.   Every significant swing tenor player sounded like him.
D.   He was the first saxophonist to have success in Europe.
Question #25
Which musical element is most prominent in Coleman Hawkins’s improvised lines?
A.   repeated short notes
B.   long sustained notes
C.   scale passages
D.   arpeggios
Question #26
Why is Coleman Hawkins’s 1939 recording of “Body and Soul” considered a landmark of jazz improvisation?
A.   All of these
B.   It completely abandons the melodic foundation of the song, spinning variations based on the underlying harmonic structure.
C.   It blends improvisational spontaneity with compositional logic.
D.   It demonstrates a mastery of melodies formed with arpeggios.
Question #27
This tenor saxophonist, influenced by Coleman Hawkins, gained fame as a rambunctious soloist with the Duke Ellington Orchestra:
A.   Johnny Hodges
B.   Ben Webster
C.   Lester Young
D.   Chu Berry
Question #28
Which does NOT describe Lester Young’s early musical experiences?
A.   performed throughout the Midwest with King Oliver and other leaders
B.   took part in Kansas City jam sessions
C.   played several instruments in a family band
D.   spent a long and successful time in the Fletcher Henderson band
Question #29
Which of the following was NOT an aspect of Lester Young’s personal style?
A.   held his saxophone at an extreme horizontal angle
B.   spoke in a creative, personal slang
C.   wore a porkpie hat
D.   outgoing and brash in conversation
Question #30
Valaida Snow had great success, especially in Europe, with what aspect of jazz performance?
A.   conducting
B.   all of these
C.   voice
D.   trumpet
Question #31
This Billie Holiday recording was a powerful commentary on Southern lynching:
A.   “Oh! Lady Be Good”
B.   “Reckless Blues”
C.   “One Hour”
D.   “Strange Fruit”
Question #32
All of the following describe Ella Fitzgerald’s musical style EXCEPT:
A.   deep connection to the blues
B.   deft scat singing
C.   timbral punctuations including squeals and growls
D.   four-octave range
Question #33
Why is Charlie Christian considered the father of the electric jazz guitar?
A.   He was the very first musician to perform on electric guitar.
B.   He revealed the broad expressive range and lyricism that the electric guitar could produce.
C.   He showed that the electric guitar could be played in exactly the same style as acoustic jazz guitar.
D.   He worked primarily as a soloist, rather than as an accompanist.
Question #34
All of the following people helped bring Charlie Christian to public attention EXCEPT
A.   John Hammond
B.   Fats Waller
C.   Mary Lou Williams
D.   Benny Goodman
Question #35
Which bassist established a model for walking bass in his work with the Blue Devils, Benny Moten, and Count Basie:
A.   Milt Hinton
B.   Jimmy Blanton
C.   Walter Page
D.   Wellman Braud
Question #36
Despite a serious physical disability, this drummer led a powerful band with his aggressive drumming.
A.   Chick Webb
B.   Jo Jones
C.   Gene Krupa
D.   Sid Catlett
Question #37
  
A.   southern jive
B.   western swing
C.   rockabilly
D.   country gallup
Question #38
All of the following instruments are included in the swing rhythm section EXCEPT:
A.   drums
B.   guitar
C.   banjo
D.   piano
Question #39
Which was NOT a typical role for a pianist within a swing band?
A.   brief solos accompanied by the rest of the rhythm section
B.   solo introductions
C.   sparse accompaniment for horn soloists
D.   long unaccompanied solos
Question #40
Which physical disability did Art Tatum have?
A.   fully blind
B.   fully deaf
C.   blind in one eye, very little in the other
D.   deaf in one ear, very little in the other
Question #41
All of the following describe Art Tatum’s style EXCEPT:
A.   master of stride technique
B.   primarily an ensemble pianist
C.   fast right-hand runs
D.   rich repertoire of harmonic substitutions
Question #42
All of the following are true of the shift from swing to bebop EXCEPT:
A.   Bebop was performed in smaller spaces.
B.   Bebop was more difficult for audiences to understand.
C.   Bebop demonstrated the virtues of harmonic simplicity.
D.   Bebop moved from the mainstream to become a music of outsiders.
Question #43
Which of the following is NOT a “musical obstacle” imposed by participants in jam sessions to assure that only qualified musicians could participate?
A.   performing obscure, unpublished compositions
B.   playing tunes in unfamiliar keys
C.   modulating between different keys
D.   performing at incredibly fast tempos
Question #44
Which Harlem club was a center of bebop creativity?
A.   Savoy Ballroom
B.   Minton’s Playhouse
C.   Birdland
D.   Onyx Club
Question #45
Drummer Kenny Clarke is credited with which change in drumming style?
A.   shifting the pulse to the hi-hat cymbal and using the ride cymbal for accents
B.   shifting the pulse to the hi-hat cymbal and using the toms for accents
C.   shifting the pulse to the ride cymbal and using the bass drum for accents
D.   shifting the pulse to the bass drum and using the ride cymbal for accents
Question #46
  
A.   gatling guns
B.   bombs
C.   blitzkriegs
D.   torpedoes
Question #47
Since they were banned from certain kinds of engagements, how did the top Black swing bands manage to make a living?
A.   They played on network radio shows.
B.   They took other jobs in service industries.
C.   They toured constantly.
D.   They produced and distributed their own recordings.
Question #48
Which is NOT true of Charlie Parker in his early years as a saxophonist?
A.   developed the ability to play incredibly fast
B.   avoided alcohol and drugs
C.   publicly embarrassed by Jo Jones when he didn’t play well
D.   dedicated himself to practicing and improved quickly
Question #49
For whose swing band did Dizzy Gillespie play, compose, and arrange around 1940?
A.   Cab Calloway’s
B.   Chick Webb’s
C.   Count Basie’s
D.   Duke Ellington’s
Question #50
Which is the aspect of Bud Powell’s piano technique that became the foundation for all bebop pianists to follow?
A.   chordal comping in the left hand, fast melodies in the right hand
B.   two-handed chords played in a steady four-beat pattern
C.   stride piano technique
D.   one-handed playing

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