BSC 2087 - Human Anatomy and Physiology » Spring 2022 » Chapter 2 Homework

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Question #1
The smallest piece of an element is called a(n)
A.   isotope.
B.   buffer.
C.   atom.
D.   electron.
Question #2
This sugar is the main source of energy in a cell.
A.   Steroid
B.   Disaccharide
C.   Glycogen
D.   Glucose
Question #3
The fluid that bathes the cell and transports nutrients into and out of the cell is called
A.   interstitial
B.   intracellular
C.   extracellular
D.   buffer
Question #4
What carries the instructions for protein synthesis from the DNA molecule located in the nucleus of a cell into the cytoplasm?
A.   Ribosomal RNA
B.   Messenger RNA
C.   Transfer RNA
D.   Nucleolus
Question #5
The study of the structure of matter and the composition of substance, their properties, and their chemical reactions is called
A.   biology.
B.   histology.
C.   biochemistry.
D.   chemistry.
Question #6
What is the symbol for the element iron?
A.   I
B.   Ir
C.   Fe
D.   Na
Question #7
The smallest unit of a compound that still has the properties of the compound is called a(n)
A.   molecule.
B.   atom.
C.   ion.
D.   matter.
Question #8
In humans, the maintenance of a balanced pH is achieved through a compound called a(n)
A.   buffer
B.   alkali
C.   electrolyte
D.   acid
Question #9
Salt can be defined as
A.   a compound formed when a negative ion of an acid combines with a positive ion of a base.
B.   a chemical compound that ionizes to form hydroxide (OH-) ions in an aqueous solution.
C.   a chemical compound that ionizes to form hydrogen (H+) ions in an aqueous solution.
D.   an organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorous.
Question #10
Atoms of a specific element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons are called
A.   diatomic.
B.   neurons.
C.   isotopes.
D.   electrons.
Question #11
The sour taste of a lemon or lime is due to the presence of
A.   fructose.
B.   acid.
C.   lipids.
D.   alkali.
Question #12
Glycogen is a
A.   polysaccharide.
B.   disaccharide.
C.   starch.
D.   monosaccharide.
Question #13
When a large molecule is broken down into smaller molecules by the addition of water, this type of reaction has taken place:
A.   dehydration synthesis.
B.   hydrolysis.
C.   protein synthesis.
D.   electrolytic.
Question #14
Essential amino acids cannot be made by the body and must be obtained from dietary sources. Which of these is an essential amino acid?
A.   Lysine
B.   Glutamine
C.   Glycine
D.   Alanine
Question #15
In this procedure, a patient is given a short-lived radioactive isotope either inhaled or injected, and then is placed in a scanner:
A.   Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
B.   Positron emission tomography (PET) scan
C.   CT or CAT scan
D.   Ultrasound
Question #16
An electrically charged particle is called a(n)
A.   electrolyte.
B.   ion.
C.   compound.
D.   atom.
Question #17
Proteins differ in the number, combinations, and sequence of
A.   polysaccharides.
B.   carbohydrates.
C.   amino acids.
D.   nucleotides.
Question #18
The universal solvent is
A.   NaOH.
B.   NaCl.
C.   H2O.
D.   HCl.
Question #19
What weak organic acid is found in vinegar?
A.   Acetic acid
B.   Boric acid
C.   Hydrochloric acid
D.   Carbonic acid
Question #20
What is the pH of blood?
A.   7.0
B.   2
C.   7.4
D.   13

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