BSC 2087 - Human Anatomy and Physiology » Spring 2022 » Chapter 2 Homework

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Question #1
The smallest piece of an element is called a(n)
A.   electron.
B.   atom.
C.   buffer.
D.   isotope.
Question #2
This sugar is the main source of energy in a cell.
A.   Glucose
B.   Steroid
C.   Disaccharide
D.   Glycogen
Question #3
The fluid that bathes the cell and transports nutrients into and out of the cell is called
A.   extracellular
B.   buffer
C.   intracellular
D.   interstitial
Question #4
What carries the instructions for protein synthesis from the DNA molecule located in the nucleus of a cell into the cytoplasm?
A.   Nucleolus
B.   Transfer RNA
C.   Messenger RNA
D.   Ribosomal RNA
Question #5
The study of the structure of matter and the composition of substance, their properties, and their chemical reactions is called
A.   chemistry.
B.   biology.
C.   biochemistry.
D.   histology.
Question #6
What is the symbol for the element iron?
A.   Ir
B.   I
C.   Na
D.   Fe
Question #7
The smallest unit of a compound that still has the properties of the compound is called a(n)
A.   atom.
B.   molecule.
C.   matter.
D.   ion.
Question #8
In humans, the maintenance of a balanced pH is achieved through a compound called a(n)
A.   buffer
B.   alkali
C.   acid
D.   electrolyte
Question #9
Salt can be defined as
A.   a chemical compound that ionizes to form hydrogen (H+) ions in an aqueous solution.
B.   a compound formed when a negative ion of an acid combines with a positive ion of a base.
C.   an organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorous.
D.   a chemical compound that ionizes to form hydroxide (OH-) ions in an aqueous solution.
Question #10
Atoms of a specific element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons are called
A.   neurons.
B.   electrons.
C.   diatomic.
D.   isotopes.
Question #11
The sour taste of a lemon or lime is due to the presence of
A.   lipids.
B.   acid.
C.   alkali.
D.   fructose.
Question #12
Glycogen is a
A.   starch.
B.   monosaccharide.
C.   polysaccharide.
D.   disaccharide.
Question #13
When a large molecule is broken down into smaller molecules by the addition of water, this type of reaction has taken place:
A.   protein synthesis.
B.   hydrolysis.
C.   dehydration synthesis.
D.   electrolytic.
Question #14
Essential amino acids cannot be made by the body and must be obtained from dietary sources. Which of these is an essential amino acid?
A.   Glycine
B.   Glutamine
C.   Alanine
D.   Lysine
Question #15
In this procedure, a patient is given a short-lived radioactive isotope either inhaled or injected, and then is placed in a scanner:
A.   CT or CAT scan
B.   Positron emission tomography (PET) scan
C.   Ultrasound
D.   Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Question #16
An electrically charged particle is called a(n)
A.   electrolyte.
B.   compound.
C.   atom.
D.   ion.
Question #17
Proteins differ in the number, combinations, and sequence of
A.   carbohydrates.
B.   nucleotides.
C.   amino acids.
D.   polysaccharides.
Question #18
The universal solvent is
A.   H2O.
B.   NaOH.
C.   NaCl.
D.   HCl.
Question #19
What weak organic acid is found in vinegar?
A.   Boric acid
B.   Hydrochloric acid
C.   Carbonic acid
D.   Acetic acid
Question #20
What is the pH of blood?
A.   7.0
B.   13
C.   7.4
D.   2

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