A hierarchy culture has an internal focus; it values ____ over flexibility.

A company dress code and award ceremonies would be part of

Espoused values are

A(n) ______ is a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of two or more people.

Frank is a CPA who became interested in helping adults in some of the poorer neighborhoods file their taxes. He plans to start a tax filing center in a low-income area to help residents file their taxes at no cost. Frank’s center is an example of a(n)

The chain of command is also known as the

_______ is the arrangement of having discrete parts of a task done by different people.

________ is a control mechanism for making sure the right people do the right things at the right time.

Sophie, a shift manager in a shoe store, has 40 employees on her shift that she directly supervises. The 40 workers who report directly to Sophie represent her

A corporate culture is a defined set of shared, taken-for-granted implicit assumptions that a group holds and that determines how it perceives, thinks about, and reacts to its various environments.

The IT network that allows for the movement of organizational information within that company is known as the organizational structure.

Max, an employee for a government shipping contractor, likes the strict culture that he finds with Trask Industries, which supplies equipment parts to several naval bases. There is very little focus on the external environment and little company flexibility due to the type of customers that Trask serves. Because the product it sells needs little improvement and there is virtually no competition, Trask Industries takes few risks. Trask Industries is an example of an adhocracy culture.

Optimistic people attempt to change or influence a decision or they adapt and move on.

Mutual-benefit organizations are voluntary collectives whose purpose is to advance members’ interests, while nonprofit organizations are formed to offer services to some clients, not to make a profit.

Two advantages of decentralization are that (1) managers are encouraged to not solve their own problems, but rather to ask for assistance as soon as possible, and (2) decisions are made more slowly because they are discussed at a higher level of management.

When managers and employees within the same department are brought together in cross-functional teams to solve particular problems, their company is using a team-based design.

Bridget, the youngest owner of a family-owned restaurant, wants to make sure her company’s culture is embedded in their organization. In a recent tradeshow workshop, she learned that she can do this by having company rites and rituals, continuing to tell stories about company legends, and being a role model to her employees.

In an organic organization, tasks and rules are clearly specified.