Soc 1010 - Introduction to Sociology » Spring 2022 » Quiz 7

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Question #1
Some people believe that women are better suited to be homemakers because they are naturally more caring and emotional than men. What perspective is being expressed in this statement?
A.   A macro perspective
B.   A social constructionist perspective
C.   An interactionist perspective
D.   An essentialist perspective
Question #2
Which of the following is an example of a microaggression?
A.   An employer who pays his female employees less than his male employees
B.   A pregnant woman who is not given paid maternity leave by her employer
C.   Men who whistle at and catcall a woman who is walking down the street
D.   A sports team that refuses to allow female athletes to play
Question #3
What do functionalists generally believe to be true about gender?
A.   Some social roles are better suited to one gender than the other.
B.   Gender is constructed and maintained through everyday actions.
C.   The current system of gender stratification is based on conflict.
D.   Men maintain control of the most valuable social roles.
Question #4
What two complementary roles did the functionalist Talcott Parsons identify within the family?
A.   Instrumental and expressive
B.   Conflicting and conciliatory
C.   Interactionist and noninteractionist
D.   Biological and social
Question #5
According to conflict theory, why are women’s contributions to family life devalued?
A.   When no one plays the expressive role, family life remains the same.
B.   As a social group, men benefit from maintaining their dominant status.
C.   Women are entering the workforce in greater numbers.
D.   The resources provided by men are ultimately more valuable than those provided by women.
Question #6
The perspective in sociology that is concerned with how gender is constructed and maintained in our everyday lives is known as:
A.   Feminism
B.   Interactionism
C.   Conflict theory
D.   Essentialism
Question #7
What is one of the ways that “Agnes,” a transgender woman who was born with male genitalia and raised as a boy before undergoing sex-reassignment treatment, managed to pass as female in public?
A.   She learned to show deference to her male boss.
B.   She made brief, meaningless interactions with other people.
C.   She dressed exclusively in long, flowing dresses and wore wigs.
D.   She rejected the expectations of her boyfriend and his family members.
Question #8
In the 1940s and 1950s, Alfred Kinsey surveyed Americans to find out about their sexual behavior. His findings were important because they:
A.   challenged the belief that sexuality can change over the course of a person’s life.
B.   concluded that most Americans were asexual.
C.   challenged the view that Americans were either exclusively heterosexual or homosexual.
D.   challenged the belief that Americans were heterosexual.
Question #9
From an interactionist perspective, what is the most important way that schools socialize children into their gender identities?
A.   By exposing children to mass media
B.   By punishing children for minor violations of gender norms on the playground
C.   Through interactions between teachers and students
D.   By forcing schoolchildren to wear uniforms
Question #10
In her ethnography of high school boys titled Dude, You’re a Fag, sociologist C. J. Pascoe found that boys often use homophobic slurs toward each other in an effort to define masculinity for themselves and other boys. This is an example of:
A.   the influence that peers can have as agents of socialization
B.   the consequences that all-boys schools can have on male behavior
C.   the prestige that boys have over girls in schools
D.   the inability of school officials to manage the behavior of young boys
Question #11
Which of the following health disorders occurs more often in women than in men?
A.   Heart disease
B.   Cancer
C.   Type 1 diabetes
D.   Depression
Question #12
How do the incomes of single fathers compare with those of single mothers?
A.   Single fathers make considerably more money than single mothers.
B.   They are about the same.
C.   Single mothers with only one child make more money than single fathers, but not mothers with more children.
D.   Single fathers make more money than single mothers in urban areas but not in rural areas.
Question #13
Laura Miller’s 1997 study of gender harassment in the military found that:
A.   men were more likely to be harassed by their drill sergeants, whereas women were more likely to be harassed by their fellow trainees.
B.   men were more likely to report being the object of unwanted gender harassment.
C.   men were more likely to be harassed by their fellow trainees, whereas women were more likely to be harassed by their drill sergeants.
D.   women were most often harassed by their superior officers.
Question #14
Women are more likely than men to live in poverty, a situation often referred to as:
A.   third-wave feminism.
B.   the double standard.
C.   the feminization of poverty.
D.   the wages of sin.
Question #15
The second-wave feminist movement was associated with the issue of:
A.   marginalization of black women.
B.   women’s equal access to employment and education.
C.   gaining voting rights for women.
D.   rights of women in the Third World.
Question #16
In the opening pages of The Feminine Mystique, Betty Friedan wrote about a problem that “lay buried, unspoken, for many years in the minds of American women.” What was this problem?
A.   The media imposed unrealistic beauty standards upon women.
B.   Women experienced dissatisfaction with traditional gender roles.
C.   Employers actively discriminated against women based on their gender.
D.   Women didn’t have the right to vote.
Question #17
Why might LGBTQ rights groups be predisposed to believe that homosexuality has a genetic origin?
A.   Gays and lesbians are predisposed to believe in science.
B.   They believe that sexuality is closely related to a person’s relationship with his or her mother.
C.   They want to emphasize the importance of difference.
D.   They believe that if sexual orientation is something we are born with, then discrimination against gays and lesbians is much less acceptable.
Question #18
What was the first network television show to feature a lesbian lead character?
A.   Queer Eye for the Straight Guy
B.   The Homosexuals
C.   Ellen
D.   Will & Grace
Question #19
In 2012, according to United Nations estimates, what percentage of human trafficking victims were exploited as sex slaves?
A.   60 percent
B.   80 percent
C.   85 percent
D.   75 percent
Question #20
What term was used by nineteenth-century explorers and missionaries to describe Native Americans who were neither male nor female but somehow both?
A.   Berdaches
B.   Queers
C.   Transvestites
D.   Transsexuals
Question #21
The Intersex Society of North America recommends that “surgeries done to make the genitals look ‘more normal’ should not be performed until a child is mature enough to make an informed decision for herself or himself.” Usually, doctors would always try to involve a patient in his or her treatment, so why is this advice necessary?
A.   So few people are born intersex that no one knows about them.
B.   Intersex is based on secondary, not primary, sex characteristics, and these won’t develop until later in life.
C.   There are serious health risks associated with being born intersex that must always be addressed immediately.
D.   In our society, the prospect of an ambiguously sexed person seems so threatening that surgical procedures are performed long before a child is old enough to know what is happening.
Question #22
In The Mismeasure of Women, social psychologist Carol Tavris argues that there is nothing “universal and nonvarying . . . in the natures of men and women.” If you agree with her, you would have to reject the concept of:
A.   queer theory
B.   essentialism
C.   social construction
D.   symbolic interactionism
Question #23
Margaret Mead, an American anthropologist, spent much of her career documenting the ways in which other cultures had gender roles that differed, sometimes radically, from those of twentieth-century America. Why does this matter?
A.   It shows that gender is either male or female from birth to death and that there are no other options.
B.   It shows that the physical environment determines gender.
C.   It shows that the meaning of masculinity and femininity differs in different societies, which demonstrates that our version of gender is not naturally occurring.
D.   It shows that the American version of gender roles is the most advanced in the world.
Question #24
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, replacing a housewife with paid laborers would cost at least $100,000 per year. How could this be interpreted according to conflict theory?
A.   Gender inequality is mostly produced and reproduced through interaction.
B.   Men have a great deal to lose if gender segregation disappears.
C.   The instrumental role is more valuable than the expressive role.
D.   Domestic work is a highly functional adaptation that produces gender equality within a family.
Question #25
The indie rock musician Antony Hegarty has always identified as transgender but has never taken medical steps to change her sex. During one tour, she performed a live cover of “Crazy in Love,” originally recorded by the pop superstar Beyoncé. At the end of one performance of the song, she laughed and said, “Who says I’m not a teenage girl?” Although she might have been joking, her words suggest that:
A.   some individuals’ sense of self and gender identity differ from their physical sex.
B.   although gender is socially constructed, by our teen years our gender identity is almost set in stone.
C.   primary sex characteristics always have a stranglehold on our gender identity, determining how we will be classified and how we classify ourselves.
D.   society develops the gender roles that will be most useful in maintaining equilibrium.
Question #26
A little girl notices that whenever both of her parents are in the car, her father is always driving. From this she deduces that women should be passive and men should be active. This process is called:
A.   gender inequality
B.   social learning
C.   expressive work
D.   sexism
Question #27
In the vast majority of commercials that advertise cleaning supplies, a woman is shown using the product. This shows that:
A.   men never really do any cleaning.
B.   women’s behavior is more easily altered by the media.
C.   women watch more television than men.
D.   The media portrays gender roles in highly stereotypical ways.
Question #28
In the past, bank tellers were overwhelmingly male, but today they are mostly female. What could explain this shift?
A.   The gendered division of labor has increasingly spread to areas of the economy that used to be gender neutral.
B.   Changes in technology made the work easier and less important, which drove down the wages and prestige accorded to the job.
C.   Banks are more heavily regulated by the government than they were in the past, making them more likely to be sexist.
D.   The banking industry is much more important in today’s globalized economy, and this added prestige draws more women to the job.
Question #29
Which of the following folk sayings expresses the idea of the “second shift” as sociologist Arlie Hochschild described it?
A.   “Don’t throw the baby out with the bathwater.”
B.   “A wife that does not know how to keep house throws out more with a teaspoon than a man can bring in with a shovel.”
C.   “A woman has to be twice as good as a man to be regarded as half as clever.”
D.   “Man works from sun to sun, but woman’s work is never done.”
Question #30
In The Feminine Mystique, Betty Friedan wrote: Each suburban wife struggled with it alone. As she made the beds, shopped for groceries, matched slipcover material, ate peanut butter sandwiches with her children, chauffeured Cub Scouts and Brownies, lay beside her husband at night—she was afraid to ask even of herself the silent question—“Is this all?” What larger social issue does this passage suggest Friedan was worried about?
A.   Access to education and employment
B.   Race and difference
C.   Suffrage
D.   Homophobia

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