Biology 251 - Genetics » Spring 2021 » Exam 3
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Question #1
In bacteria, formation of the peptide bond is catalyzed by _______________.
A.
the 23S rRNA in the large ribosome subunit
B.
the Shine-Dagarno sequence in the mRNA.
C.
the proteins in the large ribosome subunit
D.
the 16S rRNA in the small ribosome subunit
E.
the amino acyl-tRNA synthetases.
Question #2
TFIID and TFIIB are called __________.
A.
general transcription factors and form the basal transcription apparatus with RNA polymerase II.
B.
sigma factors and form the basal transcription apparatus with RNA polymerase II.
C.
sigma factors and form the holoenzyme with RNA polymerase.
D.
general transcription factors and form the holoenzyme with RNA polymerase II.
E.
sigma factors and form the holoenzyme with RNA polymerase II.
Question #3
In eukaryotes, the genes for tRNAs and the 5S rRNA gene are transcribed by:
A.
RNA polymerase II.
B.
RNA polymerase I.
C.
RNA polymerase III.
D.
RNA polymerase holoenzyme.
Question #4
Which of the following tRNA modifications occurs uniquely on the acceptor stem of the tRNA to allow charging with an amino acid?
A.
Addition of the sequence 5’-CCA’-3’
B.
Polyadenylation
C.
Cleavage to remove the ends
D.
Base modification
E.
Splicing catalyzed by proteins
Question #5
In bacteria, a special initiator tRNA carrying with _______ is required for recognition of the first AUG codon of the protein-coding sequence, while a different tRNA carrying methioine reads the other AUG codons within the open reading frame.
A.
7-methylguanosine
B.
adenine
C.
formyl-methionine
D.
methionine
E.
IF2
Question #6
Bacteria initiate transcription at the promoter through opening of the transcription bubble by the initiator proteins.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #7
Which of the following is true for DNA sequencing but not for PCR?:
A.
DNA synthesis requires DNA primers to be added to the reaction mix for extension by the polymerase.
B.
DNA synthesis first requires heating to denature the double-stranded template.
C.
DNA synthesis ends with the incorporation of a dideoxynucleoside triphosphate.
D.
DNA molecules are extended by the polymerization of dNTP substrate molecules.
E.
Two primers that bind to opposite strands are required.
Question #8
During translation initiation, elongation and termination, translation factor and ribosome protein conformations are regulated by hydrolysis of:
A.
GTP.
B.
water.
C.
ATP.
D.
GDP.
E.
ADP.
Question #9
The Shine-Dalgarno sequence complementary base-pairs with the:
A.
28S rRNA
B.
18S rRNA
C.
16S rRNA
D.
5.8S rRNA
E.
23S rRNA
F.
5S rRNA
Question #10
Which of the following would not be included in a PCR reaction?
A.
dNTPs
B.
DNA template
C.
RNA primers
D.
buffer
E.
Taq polymerase
Question #11
The TATA-binding protein is a subunit of:
A.
the RNA polymerase holoenzyme.
B.
TFIID.
C.
Mediator.
D.
TFIIB.
E.
sigma factor.
Question #12
Eukaryotic mRNAs may be altered after transcription to encode different amino acids than specified in the gene in a process known as:
A.
RNA translocation.
B.
RNA mutation.
C.
RNA editing.
D.
Genome editing.
E.
RNA transformation.
Question #13
From the list below, which is not essential for cloning into a plasmid vector?:
A.
Antibiotic resistance gene
B.
lacZ gene for color selection
C.
Origin of replication
D.
Multicloning site with unique restriction enzyme sequences
Question #14
Codons that specify the same amino acids are called:
A.
isoaccepting.
B.
Wobble.
C.
syntenic.
D.
synonomous.
E.
isocoding.
Question #15
In PCR, the first cycle does not produce the PCR product that is exponentially amplified, and only synthesizes long products that are copied from the template DNA.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #16
After initiation to form the ribosome around the mRNA and initiator aminoacyl-tRNA, all aminoacyl-tRNAs enter the ribosome ___________ for the elongation phase.
A.
A site
B.
peptide channel
C.
P site
D.
E site
E.
small subunit
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