Biology 251 - Genetics » Spring 2021 » Exam 3
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Question #1
In bacteria, formation of the peptide bond is catalyzed by _______________.
A.
the proteins in the large ribosome subunit
B.
the 23S rRNA in the large ribosome subunit
C.
the Shine-Dagarno sequence in the mRNA.
D.
the amino acyl-tRNA synthetases.
E.
the 16S rRNA in the small ribosome subunit
Question #2
TFIID and TFIIB are called __________.
A.
general transcription factors and form the holoenzyme with RNA polymerase II.
B.
sigma factors and form the basal transcription apparatus with RNA polymerase II.
C.
sigma factors and form the holoenzyme with RNA polymerase.
D.
sigma factors and form the holoenzyme with RNA polymerase II.
E.
general transcription factors and form the basal transcription apparatus with RNA polymerase II.
Question #3
In eukaryotes, the genes for tRNAs and the 5S rRNA gene are transcribed by:
A.
RNA polymerase III.
B.
RNA polymerase II.
C.
RNA polymerase holoenzyme.
D.
RNA polymerase I.
Question #4
Which of the following tRNA modifications occurs uniquely on the acceptor stem of the tRNA to allow charging with an amino acid?
A.
Cleavage to remove the ends
B.
Base modification
C.
Addition of the sequence 5’-CCA’-3’
D.
Polyadenylation
E.
Splicing catalyzed by proteins
Question #5
In bacteria, a special initiator tRNA carrying with _______ is required for recognition of the first AUG codon of the protein-coding sequence, while a different tRNA carrying methioine reads the other AUG codons within the open reading frame.
A.
formyl-methionine
B.
methionine
C.
IF2
D.
7-methylguanosine
E.
adenine
Question #6
Bacteria initiate transcription at the promoter through opening of the transcription bubble by the initiator proteins.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #7
Which of the following is true for DNA sequencing but not for PCR?:
A.
DNA synthesis requires DNA primers to be added to the reaction mix for extension by the polymerase.
B.
DNA synthesis ends with the incorporation of a dideoxynucleoside triphosphate.
C.
DNA synthesis first requires heating to denature the double-stranded template.
D.
DNA molecules are extended by the polymerization of dNTP substrate molecules.
E.
Two primers that bind to opposite strands are required.
Question #8
During translation initiation, elongation and termination, translation factor and ribosome protein conformations are regulated by hydrolysis of:
A.
GDP.
B.
GTP.
C.
ADP.
D.
ATP.
E.
water.
Question #9
The Shine-Dalgarno sequence complementary base-pairs with the:
A.
23S rRNA
B.
5S rRNA
C.
18S rRNA
D.
5.8S rRNA
E.
28S rRNA
F.
16S rRNA
Question #10
Which of the following would not be included in a PCR reaction?
A.
buffer
B.
Taq polymerase
C.
dNTPs
D.
DNA template
E.
RNA primers
Question #11
The TATA-binding protein is a subunit of:
A.
Mediator.
B.
TFIID.
C.
TFIIB.
D.
sigma factor.
E.
the RNA polymerase holoenzyme.
Question #12
Eukaryotic mRNAs may be altered after transcription to encode different amino acids than specified in the gene in a process known as:
A.
RNA editing.
B.
RNA mutation.
C.
RNA transformation.
D.
RNA translocation.
E.
Genome editing.
Question #13
From the list below, which is not essential for cloning into a plasmid vector?:
A.
Origin of replication
B.
lacZ gene for color selection
C.
Antibiotic resistance gene
D.
Multicloning site with unique restriction enzyme sequences
Question #14
Codons that specify the same amino acids are called:
A.
syntenic.
B.
isoaccepting.
C.
isocoding.
D.
Wobble.
E.
synonomous.
Question #15
In PCR, the first cycle does not produce the PCR product that is exponentially amplified, and only synthesizes long products that are copied from the template DNA.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #16
After initiation to form the ribosome around the mRNA and initiator aminoacyl-tRNA, all aminoacyl-tRNAs enter the ribosome ___________ for the elongation phase.
A.
E site
B.
P site
C.
A site
D.
peptide channel
E.
small subunit
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