Biology 251 - Genetics » Spring 2021 » Exam 3
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Question #1
In bacteria, formation of the peptide bond is catalyzed by _______________.
A.
the amino acyl-tRNA synthetases.
B.
the 16S rRNA in the small ribosome subunit
C.
the proteins in the large ribosome subunit
D.
the Shine-Dagarno sequence in the mRNA.
E.
the 23S rRNA in the large ribosome subunit
Question #2
TFIID and TFIIB are called __________.
A.
general transcription factors and form the basal transcription apparatus with RNA polymerase II.
B.
sigma factors and form the holoenzyme with RNA polymerase.
C.
sigma factors and form the basal transcription apparatus with RNA polymerase II.
D.
sigma factors and form the holoenzyme with RNA polymerase II.
E.
general transcription factors and form the holoenzyme with RNA polymerase II.
Question #3
In eukaryotes, the genes for tRNAs and the 5S rRNA gene are transcribed by:
A.
RNA polymerase III.
B.
RNA polymerase holoenzyme.
C.
RNA polymerase II.
D.
RNA polymerase I.
Question #4
Which of the following tRNA modifications occurs uniquely on the acceptor stem of the tRNA to allow charging with an amino acid?
A.
Addition of the sequence 5’-CCA’-3’
B.
Cleavage to remove the ends
C.
Base modification
D.
Splicing catalyzed by proteins
E.
Polyadenylation
Question #5
In bacteria, a special initiator tRNA carrying with _______ is required for recognition of the first AUG codon of the protein-coding sequence, while a different tRNA carrying methioine reads the other AUG codons within the open reading frame.
A.
adenine
B.
IF2
C.
7-methylguanosine
D.
methionine
E.
formyl-methionine
Question #6
Bacteria initiate transcription at the promoter through opening of the transcription bubble by the initiator proteins.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #7
Which of the following is true for DNA sequencing but not for PCR?:
A.
DNA synthesis requires DNA primers to be added to the reaction mix for extension by the polymerase.
B.
DNA synthesis first requires heating to denature the double-stranded template.
C.
Two primers that bind to opposite strands are required.
D.
DNA synthesis ends with the incorporation of a dideoxynucleoside triphosphate.
E.
DNA molecules are extended by the polymerization of dNTP substrate molecules.
Question #8
During translation initiation, elongation and termination, translation factor and ribosome protein conformations are regulated by hydrolysis of:
A.
ADP.
B.
GTP.
C.
water.
D.
ATP.
E.
GDP.
Question #9
The Shine-Dalgarno sequence complementary base-pairs with the:
A.
5.8S rRNA
B.
18S rRNA
C.
28S rRNA
D.
5S rRNA
E.
23S rRNA
F.
16S rRNA
Question #10
Which of the following would not be included in a PCR reaction?
A.
DNA template
B.
Taq polymerase
C.
dNTPs
D.
RNA primers
E.
buffer
Question #11
The TATA-binding protein is a subunit of:
A.
TFIIB.
B.
Mediator.
C.
sigma factor.
D.
the RNA polymerase holoenzyme.
E.
TFIID.
Question #12
Eukaryotic mRNAs may be altered after transcription to encode different amino acids than specified in the gene in a process known as:
A.
Genome editing.
B.
RNA transformation.
C.
RNA mutation.
D.
RNA translocation.
E.
RNA editing.
Question #13
From the list below, which is not essential for cloning into a plasmid vector?:
A.
lacZ gene for color selection
B.
Origin of replication
C.
Multicloning site with unique restriction enzyme sequences
D.
Antibiotic resistance gene
Question #14
Codons that specify the same amino acids are called:
A.
syntenic.
B.
isoaccepting.
C.
isocoding.
D.
Wobble.
E.
synonomous.
Question #15
In PCR, the first cycle does not produce the PCR product that is exponentially amplified, and only synthesizes long products that are copied from the template DNA.
A.
TRUE
B.
FALSE
Question #16
After initiation to form the ribosome around the mRNA and initiator aminoacyl-tRNA, all aminoacyl-tRNAs enter the ribosome ___________ for the elongation phase.
A.
E site
B.
small subunit
C.
peptide channel
D.
P site
E.
A site
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