Ocean 115 - Introduction to Oceanography » Spring 2022 » Water and Salt assignment

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Question #1
What is a compound?
A.   it is something unique to water
B.   it is a mixture
C.   it is a substance composed of two or more elements in a fixed proportion
D.   it is a substance composed of identical atoms that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means
Question #2
What is a an element?
A.   it is a substance composed of two or more elements in a fixed proportion
B.   it is unique to water
C.   it is a mixture
D.   it is a substance composed of identical atoms that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means
Question #3
How is cohesion different than adhesion?
A.   Cohesion is the property of water molecules to stick to each other. Adhesion is the ability of water to stick to other materials, allows water to adhere to solids, that is, to make them wet.
B.   Cohesion leaves no visible remains while adhesion does.
C.   There is no difference they are the same
D.   Adhesion leaves no visible remains while cohesion does.
E.   Adhesion is the property of water molecules to stick to each other. Cohesion is the ability of water to stick to other materials, allows water to cohere to solids, that is, to make them wet.
Question #4
Does the refraction of sound waves in the ocean generate a shadow zone? If so what depth is the sound velocity the lowest?
A.   Yes. 1000 meters.
B.   Yes. 100 meters.
C.   Yes. 3000 meters and deeper
D.   Yes. 1 meters.
E.   No
Question #5
The ocean is divided into three layers based on the density of water, name them.
A.   the surface zone, the pycnocline, the bottom zone
B.   the surface zone, the middle zone, and the deep zone
C.   the pycnocline, the middle zone, the deep zone
D.   the surface zone, the pycnocline, the deep zone
E.   the upper layer, the middle layer, and the lower layer
Question #6
What aphotic mean to an oceanographer?
A.   the zone of no light
B.   the zone of light
C.   the zone of little light
D.   the zone of no sound
Question #7
Which color penetrates to the greatest depth in the ocean?
A.   Orange
B.   Purple
C.   Green
D.   Yellow
E.   Red
F.   Blue
Question #8
The reason why salt dissolves in water is because water is a _________ molecule.
A.   simplistic
B.   polar
C.   ionic
D.   covalent
Question #9
The colligative properties of water is/are?
A.   all of these
B.   as salinity increases, evaporation slows
C.   osmotic pressure increases as salinity increases
D.   as salinity increases, freezing point decreases
E.   heat capacity of water decreases with increasing salinity
Question #10
Forchhammer’s principle states_________________.
A.   the ratio of major salts is constant in the ocean regardless of the salinity
B.   the ratio of major salts is in constane flux in the ocean
C.   the ratio of major salts is constant unless the salinity changes
D.   the salt level is variable throughout the ocean
Question #11
What is the “steady state ocean?”
A.   The concept that the ocean has a uniform pH
B.   The concept that the ocean has a uniform salinity
C.   It is a concept that ions are added to the ocean at the same rate as they are being removed
D.   The concept that the ocean has a uniform temperature
Question #12
What is residence time?
A.   how long it takes to measure the salt level
B.   The maximum length of time an element spends in the ocean
C.   The minimum length of time an element spends in the ocean
D.   The average length of time an element spends in the ocean
Question #13
Nitrogen is what percent of gas in the atmosphere? Dissolved gas in the ocean?
A.   52% atmosphere, 57% ocean
B.   42% atmosphere, 87% ocean
C.   82% atmosphere, 7% ocean
D.   22% atmosphere, 87% ocean
E.   78% atmosphere, 48% ocean
Question #14
What is the pH scale?
A.   The terms in which the acidity or alkalinity of a solution is measured. It measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.
B.   The terms in which the acidity or alkalinity of a solution is measured. It measures the concentration of oxygen ions in a solution.
C.   A measure of salinity
D.   The terms in which the acidity or alkalinity of a solution is measured. It measures the concentration of nitrogen ions in a solution.
Question #15
Does the pH vary with ocean depth?
A.   Yes
B.   No

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