Ocean 115 - Introduction to Oceanography » Spring 2022 » Water and Salt assignment

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Question #1
What is a compound?
A.   it is a substance composed of identical atoms that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means
B.   it is something unique to water
C.   it is a mixture
D.   it is a substance composed of two or more elements in a fixed proportion
Question #2
What is a an element?
A.   it is a substance composed of two or more elements in a fixed proportion
B.   it is a substance composed of identical atoms that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means
C.   it is a mixture
D.   it is unique to water
Question #3
How is cohesion different than adhesion?
A.   There is no difference they are the same
B.   Cohesion leaves no visible remains while adhesion does.
C.   Cohesion is the property of water molecules to stick to each other. Adhesion is the ability of water to stick to other materials, allows water to adhere to solids, that is, to make them wet.
D.   Adhesion leaves no visible remains while cohesion does.
E.   Adhesion is the property of water molecules to stick to each other. Cohesion is the ability of water to stick to other materials, allows water to cohere to solids, that is, to make them wet.
Question #4
Does the refraction of sound waves in the ocean generate a shadow zone? If so what depth is the sound velocity the lowest?
A.   No
B.   Yes. 1 meters.
C.   Yes. 3000 meters and deeper
D.   Yes. 100 meters.
E.   Yes. 1000 meters.
Question #5
The ocean is divided into three layers based on the density of water, name them.
A.   the upper layer, the middle layer, and the lower layer
B.   the surface zone, the pycnocline, the bottom zone
C.   the surface zone, the middle zone, and the deep zone
D.   the surface zone, the pycnocline, the deep zone
E.   the pycnocline, the middle zone, the deep zone
Question #6
What aphotic mean to an oceanographer?
A.   the zone of light
B.   the zone of no sound
C.   the zone of no light
D.   the zone of little light
Question #7
Which color penetrates to the greatest depth in the ocean?
A.   Orange
B.   Green
C.   Yellow
D.   Red
E.   Purple
F.   Blue
Question #8
The reason why salt dissolves in water is because water is a _________ molecule.
A.   ionic
B.   simplistic
C.   polar
D.   covalent
Question #9
The colligative properties of water is/are?
A.   heat capacity of water decreases with increasing salinity
B.   osmotic pressure increases as salinity increases
C.   as salinity increases, freezing point decreases
D.   as salinity increases, evaporation slows
E.   all of these
Question #10
Forchhammer’s principle states_________________.
A.   the ratio of major salts is constant unless the salinity changes
B.   the salt level is variable throughout the ocean
C.   the ratio of major salts is constant in the ocean regardless of the salinity
D.   the ratio of major salts is in constane flux in the ocean
Question #11
What is the “steady state ocean?”
A.   The concept that the ocean has a uniform pH
B.   It is a concept that ions are added to the ocean at the same rate as they are being removed
C.   The concept that the ocean has a uniform salinity
D.   The concept that the ocean has a uniform temperature
Question #12
What is residence time?
A.   The average length of time an element spends in the ocean
B.   The maximum length of time an element spends in the ocean
C.   The minimum length of time an element spends in the ocean
D.   how long it takes to measure the salt level
Question #13
Nitrogen is what percent of gas in the atmosphere? Dissolved gas in the ocean?
A.   52% atmosphere, 57% ocean
B.   42% atmosphere, 87% ocean
C.   22% atmosphere, 87% ocean
D.   78% atmosphere, 48% ocean
E.   82% atmosphere, 7% ocean
Question #14
What is the pH scale?
A.   The terms in which the acidity or alkalinity of a solution is measured. It measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.
B.   The terms in which the acidity or alkalinity of a solution is measured. It measures the concentration of nitrogen ions in a solution.
C.   The terms in which the acidity or alkalinity of a solution is measured. It measures the concentration of oxygen ions in a solution.
D.   A measure of salinity
Question #15
Does the pH vary with ocean depth?
A.   Yes
B.   No

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