Physiology 001 - Introduction to Human Physiology » Spring 2022 » Lecture Test 3 Muscle Physiology.
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Question #1
Ability to propagate impulses (signals) over membrane and stimulates the muscle cells to contract.
A.
contractibility
B.
elasticity
C.
extensibility
D.
excitability
Question #2
Ability to shorten and generate pulling forces.
A.
extensibility
B.
contractibility
C.
elasticity
D.
excitability
Question #3
Ability to stretched back to its original length without damaging tissue.
A.
extensibility
B.
elasticity
C.
contractibility
D.
excitability
Question #4
Ability to return to original shape (recoil) after being stretched.
A.
contractibility
B.
excitability
C.
extensibility
D.
elasticity
Question #5
A fine sheath of connective tissue wrapping each muscle cell.
A.
deep fascia
B.
perimysium
C.
epimysium
D.
endomysium
Question #6
Connective tissue that surrounds each fascicle (group of muscle fibers).
A.
endomysium
B.
epimysium
C.
deep fascia
D.
perimysium
Question #7
Each skeletal muscle is supplied by:
A.
A nerve, artery, and two or more veins
B.
An afferent neuron
C.
Veins, Schwann cells, axons, and synaptic end bulbs
D.
peripheral neuron, muscle cell, and sarcoplasm
Question #8
The embryonic origin of muscle tissue is from
A.
mesoderm
B.
endoderm
C.
epidermis
D.
ectoderm
Question #9
During the embryonic development, each skeletal muscle arises from the fusion of a hundred or more mesodermal cells called:
A.
myoblast
B.
satellite cells
C.
endoblast
D.
mesoblast
Question #10
A stem cell that is found in skeletal muscle fibers and promotes their growth, repair, and regeneration.
A.
endoblast
B.
mesoblast
C.
satellite cells
D.
myoblast
Question #11
The only muscle cells that branch are ____________ muscle cells.
A.
cardiac
B.
skeletal
C.
smooth
D.
red
Question #12
Type of muscle in which several nuclei are peripherally arranged.
A.
skeletal
B.
smooth
C.
red
D.
cardiac
Question #13
Involuntary striated muscle.
A.
red
B.
cardiac
C.
smooth
D.
skeletal
Question #14
Involuntary and non-striated in appearance muscle .
A.
cardiac
B.
skeletal
C.
smooth
D.
red
Question #15
Autorhythmic because of built of pacemakers.
A.
smooth
B.
skeletal
C.
cardiac
D.
red
Question #16
Located in walls of hollow organs such as blood vessels, esophagus, and intestines.
A.
red
B.
smooth
C.
cardiac
D.
skeletal
Question #17
What is the function of the protein Titin?
A.
Connects myosin to actin
B.
prevents a muscle from being overstretched.
C.
limits the degree to which a muscle may contract.
D.
forms the Z disk to which actin attaches
Question #18
The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores ________________.
A.
myosin
B.
sodium
C.
ATPase
D.
calcium
Question #19
Of the various types of skeletal muscle fibers, the type with the most mitochondria, red in color due to abundant myoglobin, obtain energy from aerobic metabolic pathways, fibers are small in diameter and found in postural muscles.
A.
fast glycolytic fibers (type IIx)
B.
slow glycolytic fibers
C.
fast oxidative fibers (type IIa)
D.
slow oxidative fibers
Question #20
Of the various types of skeletal muscle fibers, the type that produces the most power, depend on anaerobic pathways, contract rapidly and tire quickly, fibers used in heavy weight training. Contain little myoglobin and few mitochondria.
A.
fast glycolytic fibers (type IIx)
B.
fast oxidative fibers (type IIa)
C.
slow oxidative fibers
D.
slow glycolytic fibers
Question #21
Fibers abundant in the muscle of the lower limbs, which must move the body for long periods during locomotion, fibers with an intermediate diameter, they have high myoglobin content and rich supply of capillaries. Fibers with aerobic and anaerobic metabolic pathways.
A.
fast glycolytic fibers (type IIx)
B.
fast oxidative fibers (type IIa)
C.
slow glycolytic fibers
D.
slow oxidative fibers
Question #22
Progressive skeletal muscle disorder in which the muscles are weak and slow to relax after contraction.
A.
Myofascial pain syndrome
B.
Myotonic dystrophy
C.
Fibromyalgia
D.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Question #23
Skeletal muscle disorder in which pain is caused by tightened bands of muscle fibers. It refers to pain and inflammation in the body’s soft tissues.
A.
Myotonic dystrophy
B.
Myofascial pain syndrome
C.
Fibromyalgia
D.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Question #24
Abnormal contraction characterized by involuntary contraction of a single muscle.
A.
Fasciculation
B.
Spasm
C.
Tic
D.
Tremor
Question #25
Abnormal contraction characterized by rhythmic, involuntary contraction of opposing muscle groups.
A.
Spasm
B.
Tremor
C.
Fasciculation
D.
Tic
Question #26
Abnormal contraction characterized by involuntary twitching of muscle normally under voluntary control – eyelid or fascial muscles.
A.
Spasm
B.
Tic
C.
Fasciculation
D.
Tremor
Question #27
In the lever systems __________________ act as fulcrum.
A.
load
B.
joints
C.
muscle contraction
D.
bones
Question #28
In the lever systems _________________ consist of overlying tissue, bone, and anything lifted.
A.
muscle contraction
B.
joints
C.
bones
D.
load
Question #29
In the lever system _______________ act as levers.
A.
bones
B.
muscle contraction
C.
load
D.
joints
Question #30
In the lever systems _______________ provides effort.
A.
muscle contraction
B.
joints
C.
bones
D.
load
Question #31
A lever operates as a _____________when a larger effort moves a lighter load.
A.
mechanical advantage
B.
positive mechanical effort
C.
mechanical disadvantage
D.
negative mechanical effort
Question #32
A lever operates as a ____________ when a smaller effort can move a heavy load.
A.
Negative mechanical effort
B.
Positive mechanical effort
C.
Mechanical advantage
D.
Mechanical disadvantage
Question #33
The arrangement of the elements is fulcrum- load- effort, as exemplified by a wheelbarrow or standing on tiptoe.
A.
First - class lever
B.
Fourth – class lever
C.
Second – class lever
D.
Third – class lever
Question #34
The arrangement of the elements is load- effort- fulcrum. Lifting or holding something with tweezers or flexing the forearm by the biceps brachii muscle.
A.
Fourth – class lever
B.
Third – class lever
C.
Second – class lever
D.
First - class lever
Question #35
The arrangement of the elements is load- fulcrum – effort. Seesaws, scissors, and lifting your head of your chest are some examples.
A.
First - class lever
B.
Third – class lever
C.
Fourth – class lever
D.
Second – class lever
Question #36
When you stand on your tiptoes, the lateral and medial bulges seen in your calf are the _____________________.
A.
calcaneal tendon
B.
soleus
C.
hamstring
D.
heads of gastrocnemius
Question #37
A.
convergent
B.
fusiform
C.
multipennate
D.
circular
Question #38
Fascicles are arranged in concentric rings, and example is the orbicularis oculi muscle.
A.
convergent
B.
multipennate
C.
circular
D.
fusiform
Question #39
Fascicle arrangement in which the fascicles insert into one large tendon from all sides, an example is the deltoid muscle.
A.
multipennate
B.
circular
C.
fusiform
D.
convergent
Question #40
Fascicles run parallel with an expanded central belly, like the biceps brachii muscle.
A.
fusiform
B.
multipennate
C.
circular
D.
convergent
Question #41
Fascicles inserted into the tendon from both sides, an example is the rectus femoris muscle.
A.
convergent
B.
fusiform
C.
multipennate
D.
bipennate
Question #42
Which is not criterion for naming a muscle?
A.
action
B.
color
C.
shape
D.
location
Question #43
The deltoid muscle is named according to:
A.
Relative size
B.
Shape
C.
Number of origins
D.
Location of attachment
Question #44
The gluteus maximus and gluteus minimus muscles are named according to:
A.
Location of attachment
B.
Number of origins
C.
Relative size
D.
Shape
Question #45
Muscles that reverses, or opposes, the action of another muscle, an example is the triceps brachii.
A.
synergist
B.
prime
C.
antagonist
D.
fixator
Question #46
A.
fixator
B.
prime mover
C.
synergist
D.
antagonist
Question #47
Muscles that assist the agonist muscle by reducing undesired action or unnecessary movement, such as the wrist extensor muscles.
A.
antagonist
B.
fixator
C.
synergist
D.
Prime mover
Question #48
This type of muscle contains intercalated discs.
A.
Skeletal and smooth muscles
B.
smooth muscle
C.
skeletal muscle
D.
cardiac muscle
Question #49
Of the three classes of muscle cells (skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle tissue), the only one in which the nuclei lie peripherally instead of centrally is _____________________________.
A.
smooth.
B.
cardiac.
C.
skeletal.
D.
visceral.
Question #50
Motor neurons conduct nerve impulses from the PNS to the CNS?
A.
True
B.
False
Question #51
Action potentials for the stimulation of muscle contraction are generated in ________________.
A.
Spinal cord
B.
Brain
C.
Brain and Spinal cord
D.
Brain, Spinal cord and Peripheral nervous system
E.
Peripheral nervous system
Question #52
Skeletal muscle fibers are stimulated by motor neurons.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #53
Enzymes speed up the rate of chemical reactions.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #54
The head of myosin is energized only during relaxation.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #55
This type of muscle composes the largest share of muscle weight in the human body.
A.
cardiac muscle
B.
smooth muscle
C.
skeletal muscle
Question #56
During muscle contraction, what do Ca2+ ions bind to?
A.
Actin
B.
Myosin
C.
Tropomyosin
D.
Troponin
Question #57
During skeletal muscle contraction, what gets released at the power stroke?
A.
an ADP molecule.
B.
an ATP molecule.
C.
Ca2+ ions
D.
Pi (inorganic phosphate)
Question #58
What two structures meet at the neuromuscular junction?
A.
Sarcolemma and T tubules
B.
A motor neuron and thick filaments of the skeletal muscle cell
C.
A motor neuron and the sarcoplasmic reticulum
D.
T tubule and sarcoplasmic reticulum
E.
A motor neuron and the sarcolemma of the skeletal muscle cell
Question #59
What should be moved to allow attachment of actin and myosin during the cross bridge formation?
A.
Tropomyosin
B.
Sarcomere
C.
Troponin
D.
Calcium ions
Question #60
What causes the release (detachment) of actin from myosin to terminate muscle contraction?
A.
Ca2+ increase in the sarcomere
B.
ATP molecule binding to the myosin head.
C.
All of the possibleanswers are correct
D.
ATP molecule binding to actin
Question #61
What happen to Ca2+ ions in the sarcoplasm, when they are no longer needed for muscle contraction?
A.
It is actively transporting back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum by Ca2+ ATPase enzyme
B.
It is actively transporting into in the T -tubule by the enzyme ATPase.
C.
It remains attach to troponin until the next muscle contraction cycle
D.
It remains in the sarcoplasm until the next muscle contraction cycle
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