A.   It was neither particularly happy nor difficult.

B.   It was comfortable and relatively happy.

C.   It was discouraging and uncomfortable.

D.   He remembers nothing about his childhood.

A.   Washington idolized his white biological father and resented his black stepfather's intrusions into his family after his father's death.

B.   Washington never knew his white biological father, but was inspired by his reputation for learning and scholarship; his black stepfather, however, did not support education.

C.   When Washington's white biological father rejected his attempts to forge a relationship, Washington formed a close bond with his black stepfather.

D.   Washington had no relationship at all with his white biological father, and describes his black stepfather as an obstruction to his pursuit of education.

A.   Black Southerners were committed to an unresentful conciliation and patience.

B.   Black Southerners felt bitter and deep-seated resentment.

C.   Black Southerners were committed to violent retaliation.

D.   Black Southerners expressed a grudging willingness to work together.

A.   He blames no one in particular except the federal government, which supported slavery laws.

B.   He blames European explorers for introducing the concept of slavery to the Americas.

C.   He blames enslaved blacks for failing to rise up against their white owners and end slavery.

D.   He blames greedy white Southerners who wanted to profit from the work of enslaved blacks.

A.   training in literacy and Western philosophical traditions

B.   a disposition toward self-reliance, strength, and confidence

C.   religious conversion to Christianity

D.   mastery of handicrafts and manual labor

A.   They wanted to change their names and travel away from the location where they had been enslaved.

B.   They wanted to ransack the plantations on which they had been enslaved and learn to read.

C.   They wanted to start local black churches and build their own separate towns and villages.

D.   They wanted to open bank accounts and marry their spouses in an officially recognized church.

A.   Children of freed slaves resented that their parents forced them to attend school instead of being allowed to play.

B.   Almost every freed slave was hungry for education and took extreme measures to obtain any form of learning.

C.   Former slaves were too busy trying to figure out how to earn a living to have time for education.

D.   Adult former slaves believed that education was valuable for children, but that they themselves were too old to learn.

A.   a return to enslavement throughout the entire nation

B.   manual labor, including jobs in agriculture, industry, and domestic service

C.   new leadership roles in the arts and cultural institutions

D.   positions in Congress and state legislatures

A.   He believed that African Americans deserved equal civil rights but was pessimistic that white Southerners would ever allow them to claim those rights.

B.   He believed that African Americans deserved and would one day achieve equal civil rights but that those rights would have to be given freely by white Southerners.

C.   He believed that civil rights could be achieved only through active and concerted political organization and through an insistence on the right to vote.

D.   He believed that African Americans were inherently inferior to whites and should thus accept an inferior social and legal status for perpetuity.

A.   the inclusion of lyrics from traditional African American "sorrow songs" and biblical texts

B.   a shift to the use of African American dialect for Washington and other black people’s speech

C.   an increasingly "stream of consciousness" narration of Washington’s own mental state

D.   the inclusion of transcripts of letters and testimonials from white men in positions of power