Psychology 101 - General Psychology » Spring 2022 » Quiz 8 Self & Personality

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Question #1
When Tori was asked whether she considered herself smart, she immediately answered, “Yes, of course.” Tori’s ability to answer this question about herself effortlessly and automatically suggests that:
A.   her self-schema includes information about her intelligence.
B.   her self-schema does not include information about her intelligence.
C.   she has high self-esteem and is very narcissistic.
D.   she has low self-esteem and is giving a defensive answer.
Question #2
Tyra is tall and very thin and appears to be anorexic. She justifies her weight by saying that she is small boned. Tyra’s excuse for her eating habits is an example of the ________ defense mechanism.
A.   projection
B.   denial
C.   rationalization
D.   displacement
Question #3
Grayson used to be very hard on himself when he would do poorly in school. Over time, he realized that he should treat himself with care, acceptance, and kindness, like he would treat a good friend. Grayson’s realization shows he is developing:
A.   self-esteem.
B.   a self-serving bias.
C.   self-compassion.
D.   a reflected appraisal.
Question #4
Frank believes that he is more valuable and special than anyone else. As a result, he feels he is entitled to special treatment, focuses mainly on his own needs, and gets angry when anyone challenges him. Frank most likely:
A.   has low self-esteem.
B.   is experiencing reflected appraisal.
C.   is using his sociometer.
D.   is narcissistic.
Question #5
Jared is an identical twin adopted into a family that is different from his biological family. When Jared is an adult, his personality should most resemble his:
A.   identical twin.
B.   adopted parents.
C.   biological parents.
D.   adopted siblings.
Question #6
Suppose you have an internal locus of control. When you perform poorly in volleyball and your team loses the game, which of the following statements are you most likely to say?
A.   “I did not practice enough last week.”
B.   “Luck was not on my side today.”
C.   “My teammates need to play harder.”
D.   “The other team was too good.”
Question #7
How you experience yourself in the present, depending on which part of yourself is most relevant at the time, is referred to as:
A.   a working self-concept.
B.   a self-schema.
C.   a sociometer.
D.   self-esteem.
Question #8
Psychologists use the term personality mainly to refer to characteristics and behaviors that:
A.   are relatively easy to observe and measure.
B.   show little variability across persons.
C.   stem from conscious intentions.
D.   are relatively stable across time and circumstances.
Question #9
Freud thought that anxiety resulted from conflict between ________ and ________.
A.   repression; rationalization
B.   the oral stage; the anal stage
C.   the preconscious; the unconscious
D.   the id; the superego
Question #10
Trait theories, like the five-factor theory, are important because they:
A.   provide insight into how situations influence personality.
B.   can use projective measures to assess personality.
C.   can predict a wide variety of behaviors.
D.   provide information on unconscious processes.
Question #11
Trait theories of personality differ from psychodynamic and humanistic approaches because they:
A.   are based on people’s unconscious conflicts.
B.   have a generally more positive view of human nature.
C.   describe behavioral tendencies that are consistent over time.
D.   are less able to be tested scientifically.
Question #12
Anita takes a personality test online. The results say she is high on the extraversion dimension of personality and she is likely to be assertive and energetic. The online personality test most likely used the ________ approach to personality.
A.   trait
B.   psychodynamic
C.   social cognitive
D.   humanistic
Question #13
Greg is a parent who wants to apply a person-centered approach to raising his son Isaac. Which of the following things should Greg do?
A.   He should teach Isaac defense mechanisms to relieve his internal conflicts.
B.   He should withhold treats and gifts to reinforce his rules.
C.   He should love and support Isaac no matter how he behaves.
D.   He should emphasize Isaac’s responsibility for his failures.
Question #14
When you make a downward comparison, it will typically ________ self-esteem.
A.   increase your own
B.   increase another person’s
C.   have little effect on your own
D.   decrease your own
Question #15
When Phia’s boss tells her that she is lazy and needs to work harder, Phia smiles and nods politely. That night, she screams at her husband, Eric, for burning the steaks. According to psychodynamic theory, Phia’s behavior most likely is a result of the defense mechanism of:
A.   displacement.
B.   denial.
C.   sublimation.
D.   repression.

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