Psychology 101 - General Psychology » Spring 2022 » Quiz 8 Self & Personality

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Question #1
When Tori was asked whether she considered herself smart, she immediately answered, “Yes, of course.” Tori’s ability to answer this question about herself effortlessly and automatically suggests that:
A.   her self-schema does not include information about her intelligence.
B.   she has high self-esteem and is very narcissistic.
C.   her self-schema includes information about her intelligence.
D.   she has low self-esteem and is giving a defensive answer.
Question #2
Tyra is tall and very thin and appears to be anorexic. She justifies her weight by saying that she is small boned. Tyra’s excuse for her eating habits is an example of the ________ defense mechanism.
A.   rationalization
B.   displacement
C.   denial
D.   projection
Question #3
Grayson used to be very hard on himself when he would do poorly in school. Over time, he realized that he should treat himself with care, acceptance, and kindness, like he would treat a good friend. Grayson’s realization shows he is developing:
A.   self-esteem.
B.   self-compassion.
C.   a self-serving bias.
D.   a reflected appraisal.
Question #4
Frank believes that he is more valuable and special than anyone else. As a result, he feels he is entitled to special treatment, focuses mainly on his own needs, and gets angry when anyone challenges him. Frank most likely:
A.   is experiencing reflected appraisal.
B.   is narcissistic.
C.   is using his sociometer.
D.   has low self-esteem.
Question #5
Jared is an identical twin adopted into a family that is different from his biological family. When Jared is an adult, his personality should most resemble his:
A.   identical twin.
B.   adopted siblings.
C.   adopted parents.
D.   biological parents.
Question #6
Suppose you have an internal locus of control. When you perform poorly in volleyball and your team loses the game, which of the following statements are you most likely to say?
A.   “I did not practice enough last week.”
B.   “The other team was too good.”
C.   “My teammates need to play harder.”
D.   “Luck was not on my side today.”
Question #7
How you experience yourself in the present, depending on which part of yourself is most relevant at the time, is referred to as:
A.   self-esteem.
B.   a self-schema.
C.   a sociometer.
D.   a working self-concept.
Question #8
Psychologists use the term personality mainly to refer to characteristics and behaviors that:
A.   stem from conscious intentions.
B.   show little variability across persons.
C.   are relatively easy to observe and measure.
D.   are relatively stable across time and circumstances.
Question #9
Freud thought that anxiety resulted from conflict between ________ and ________.
A.   repression; rationalization
B.   the id; the superego
C.   the preconscious; the unconscious
D.   the oral stage; the anal stage
Question #10
Trait theories, like the five-factor theory, are important because they:
A.   can use projective measures to assess personality.
B.   provide information on unconscious processes.
C.   provide insight into how situations influence personality.
D.   can predict a wide variety of behaviors.
Question #11
Trait theories of personality differ from psychodynamic and humanistic approaches because they:
A.   describe behavioral tendencies that are consistent over time.
B.   are based on people’s unconscious conflicts.
C.   are less able to be tested scientifically.
D.   have a generally more positive view of human nature.
Question #12
Anita takes a personality test online. The results say she is high on the extraversion dimension of personality and she is likely to be assertive and energetic. The online personality test most likely used the ________ approach to personality.
A.   trait
B.   social cognitive
C.   psychodynamic
D.   humanistic
Question #13
Greg is a parent who wants to apply a person-centered approach to raising his son Isaac. Which of the following things should Greg do?
A.   He should love and support Isaac no matter how he behaves.
B.   He should emphasize Isaac’s responsibility for his failures.
C.   He should teach Isaac defense mechanisms to relieve his internal conflicts.
D.   He should withhold treats and gifts to reinforce his rules.
Question #14
When you make a downward comparison, it will typically ________ self-esteem.
A.   have little effect on your own
B.   increase another person’s
C.   decrease your own
D.   increase your own
Question #15
When Phia’s boss tells her that she is lazy and needs to work harder, Phia smiles and nods politely. That night, she screams at her husband, Eric, for burning the steaks. According to psychodynamic theory, Phia’s behavior most likely is a result of the defense mechanism of:
A.   repression.
B.   denial.
C.   displacement.
D.   sublimation.

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