CAFF 427 - Consumer Dynamics » Winter 2022 » Exam 2
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Question #1
Which of the following refers a function states each individual develops attitudes towards products because of what they say about him or her as a person?
A.
Ego-defensive function
B.
Knowledge function
C.
Value-expressive function
D.
Utilitarian function
Question #2
Which of the following refers summarizes the beliefs a person holds about their own attributes and how they evaluate the self on these qualities?
A.
Ideal self
B.
Self-esteem
C.
Social comparison
D.
Self-concept
Question #3
The importance people attach to worldly possessions is called ________.
A.
needs
B.
ego products
C.
wants
D.
materialism
Question #4
If a conditioned stimulus is only occasionally matched with an unconditioned stimulus, the association between the two will become weakened. This is called ________.
A.
extinction
B.
repetition
C.
interface
D.
the spacing effect
Question #5
Sam Bolton hums the Purina Cat Chow jingle as he drives down the expressway. A thought suddenly occurs to Sam: "Why am I humming this stupid jingle? I don't buy this stuff; in fact, I don't even have a cat." Sam knows this jingle is ________.
A.
operant conditioning
B.
stimulus generalization
C.
incidental learning
D.
reinforcement modeling
Question #6
Behavioral learning theorists do not focus on internal thought processes; rather, they look to external evidence to study learning. What aspects of the environment are of most concern to behaviorists in studying learning?
A.
Thought and memory
B.
Sensation and perception
C.
Energy and work
D.
Stimulus and response
Question #7
Business ethics are rules of conduct published by the Better Business Bureau that guide actions in the marketplace.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #8
Which of the following refers to the process of forming an attitude to provide order, structure, or meaning.
A.
Utilitarian function
B.
Ego-defensive function
C.
Knowledge function
D.
Value-expressive function
Question #9
The process by which people select, organize, and interpret sensations is called ________.
A.
consumption
B.
application
C.
perception
D.
adaption
Question #10
A relative permanent change of behavior is called ________.
A.
personality
B.
learning
C.
Hearing
D.
lifestyles
Question #11
Which of the following refers to a condition where immigrants struggle to reconcile their native identities with their new culture?
A.
Looking-glass self
B.
Symbolic interactionism
C.
Impression management
D.
Torn self
Question #12
Materialism refers to the importance people attach to the fabric used in their clothing.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #13
Which of the following values is most associated with materialists?
A.
Honesty
B.
Frugality
C.
Loyalty
D.
Status
Question #14
Which of the following refers a function states that we form attitudes to protect ourselves either from external threats or internal feelings?
A.
Ego-defensive function
B.
Knowledge function
C.
Value-expressive function
D.
Utilitarian function
Question #15
Companies that think carefully about the impact of sensations on product experiences are practicing ________.
A.
hedonic consumption
B.
need marketing
C.
sensory marketing
D.
want marketing
Question #16
Refers to how people feel.
A.
Behavior
B.
Ego
C.
Cognition
D.
Affect
Question #17
Much learning takes effort and time, but some learning is so casual as to be unintentional. This type of learning is referred to as ________ learning.
A.
stage one
B.
subliminal
C.
evoked
D.
incidental
Question #18
Which of the following refers to the order in which consumers learn about brands determines the strength of association between these brands and their attributes?
A.
Hierarchy of effects
B.
Balance theory
C.
Principle of cognitive consistency
D.
Theory of cognitive dissonance
Question #19
Which of the following refers a function that states that we develop some attitudes towards products simply because they provide pleasure or pain?
A.
Utilitarian function
B.
Knowledge function
C.
Value-expressive function
D.
Ego-defensive function
Question #20
When consumers are unhappy with a product, they boycott the product and/or store and express dissatisfaction to friends. This is called ________response.
A.
third-party
B.
private
C.
public
D.
voice
Question #21
Which of the following was first demonstrated by Ivan Pavlov?
A.
Instrumental conditioning
B.
Behavioral conditioning
C.
Classical conditioning
D.
Psychological conditioning
Question #22
Classical conditioning takes place when a(n) ________ is continuously matched with a(n) ________.
A.
conditioned stimulus; conditioned response
B.
unconditioned response; conditioned stimulus
C.
conditioned stimulus; unconditioned stimulus
D.
unconditioned stimulus; unconditioned response
Question #23
A philosophy that translates customers' feelings into design elements is called ________ engineering.
A.
Sigma
B.
Kansei
C.
relationship
D.
reverse
Question #24
Though the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) outlaws bribery in business practices, it is still common in ________.
A.
Mexico
B.
Japan
C.
Germany
D.
All of these
Question #25
Rules of conduct that guide actions in the marketplace are called ________.
A.
social obligation
B.
Business ethics
C.
Social responsibility
D.
Social awareness
Question #26
As manufacturing costs decrease and the amount of products that people accumulate goes up, consumers increasingly want to buy things that will provide ________ value.
A.
referent
B.
Gestalt
C.
hedonic
D.
embedded
Question #27
Refers to what people actually do.
A.
Behavior
B.
Cognition
C.
Affect
D.
Ego
Question #28
Which of the following refers to the basic human tendency to compare ourselves to others?
A.
Ideal self
B.
Self-esteem
C.
Social comparison
D.
Self-concept
Question #29
Research has indicated that the color ________ creates feelings of arousal and stimulates appetite.
A.
yellow
B.
red
C.
black
D.
blue
Question #30
Which term refers to sensations that subtly influence how we think about a product?
A.
Perception
B.
Hedonic consumption
C.
Context effect
D.
Respondents
Question #31
Which term refers to the process by which the way a word sounds influences the listener's assumptions about what the word describes?
A.
Audio watermarking
B.
Semiotics
C.
Sound symbolism
D.
The principle of similarity
Question #32
When consumers are unhappy with a product, they may file a complaint in the form of legal action, Better Business Bureau complaint, or publishing a negative review. This is called a ________ response
A.
complaint
B.
third-party
C.
voice
D.
private
Question #33
Which of the following refers to a person's conception of how they would like to be?
A.
Ideal self
B.
Social comparison
C.
Self-concept
D.
Self-esteem
Question #34
Which of the following refers to the system that mediates between the id and the superego?
A.
Superego
B.
Ego
C.
Pleasure seeking principle
D.
Id
Question #35
The sensory characteristic of a product that sticks with consumers, helping them to remember the product in a unique way, is called the ________.
A.
schema
B.
sensory input
C.
interpretant
D.
phoneme
Question #36
Which of the following refers to the system that internalizes society's rules and that works to prevent other systems from seeking selfish gratification?
A.
Pleasure seeking principle
B.
Superego
C.
Id
D.
Ego
Question #37
Which of the following refers to the positivity of a person's self-concept.
A.
Self-esteem
B.
Social comparison
C.
Ideal self
D.
Self-concept
Question #38
Which of the following are attitude functions?
A.
Knowledge, Ego-defensive, Utilitarian, Value-expression
B.
Knowledge
C.
Utilitarian
D.
Knowledge, Ego-defensive, Utilitarian, Value-expression
E.
Value-expression
F.
Ego-defensive
Question #39
A.
sound watermarking
B.
sound marketing
C.
music marketing
D.
audio watermarking
Question #40
Which of the following refers to our effort to mange what others think of us by strategically choosing clothing and other cues that will put us in a good light?
A.
Torn self
B.
Impression management
C.
Looking-glass self
D.
Symbolic interactionism
Question #41
The process of curation refers to what product(s)?
A.
Travel, Food, Art
B.
Animals
C.
Food and Art
D.
Travel
Question #42
Which of the following refers to the belief that consumers value harmony among their thoughts?
A.
Principle of cognitive consistency
B.
Balance theory
C.
Theory of cognitive dissonance
D.
Hierarchy of effects
Question #43
In the Western Culture the color black is often associated with ________.
A.
mourning
B.
fear
C.
cult
D.
innocence
Question #44
When Sophie hums a McDonald's jingle, it is an example of ________.
A.
brain worm
B.
consumer attention
C.
behavior
D.
incidental learning
Question #45
Materialistic values tend to focus on the individual rather than a group or family
A.
True
B.
False
Question #46
Refers to beliefs a consumer has about an attitude object.
A.
Ego
B.
Cognition
C.
Behavior
D.
Affect
Question #47
Which of the following refers to a sociological approach stressing that relationships with other people play a large part in forming the self?
A.
Torn self
B.
Looking-glass self
C.
Symbolic interactionism
D.
Impression management
Question #48
Stimulus generalization refers to ________.
A.
the tendency for stimuli to be similar in nature
B.
the tendency of stimuli similar to a conditioned stimulus to evoke similar, conditioned responses
C.
the fact that most conditioned stimuli are similar to unconditioned stimuli
D.
the tendency for extinction to occur when an unconditioned stimulus does not follow a stimulus similar to a conditioned stimulus
Question #49
Which of the following refers to a process of imagining the reaction of others towards oneself?
A.
Looking-glass self
B.
Torn self
C.
Symbolic interactionism
D.
Impression management
Question #50
Which theory listed below assumes that learning take place as the result of responses to external events?
A.
Incidental learning
B.
Behavioral learning
C.
Gestalt learning
D.
Episodic learning
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