Psychology 002 - Biological Psychology » Spring 2022 » The Brain Quiz

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Question #1
Jared has to have a procedure where his physician will injected a radioactive substance into his bloodstream, and then will use that tracer to observe blood flow in Jared's brain while he performs certain tasks. Which neuroimaging study will Jared's physician order?
A.   functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
B.   computed tomography (a CT scan)
C.   magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
D.   positron emission tomography (a PET scan)
Question #2
The heavily myelinated fibers that connect the two cerebral hemispheres are collectively called the:
A.   medulla
B.   reticular formation
C.   corpus callosum
D.   thalamus
Question #3
Which part of the brain was referred to by Aristotle as the "little brain?"
A.   the reticular activating system
B.   the hypothalmus
C.   the corpus callosum
D.   the cerebellum
Question #4
The average human brain contains about _______ neurons.
A.   100,000-150,000
B.   500 million
C.   1 to 2 trillion
D.   100 billion
Question #5
In a classic case study Phineas Gage became emotionally labile and unable to restrain his impulsive behaviors after a severe head injury. Much of his brain damage occurred in his:
A.   temporal lobes
B.   frontal lobes
C.   thalamus
D.   parietal lobes
Question #6
A(n) __________ refers to a substance that is necessary for a living organism to maintain life. Examples for human beings include oxygen and glucose.
A.   metabolite
B.   amino acid
C.   essential element
D.   mineral
Question #7
If researchers found that someone with damage to a certain part of the brain lost their ability to speak and then, in a separate study with different individuals, found that the same part of was active during speech this __________ would help them to locate the speech center of the brain.
A.   converging evidence
B.   case study
C.   phrenology
D.   neural plasticity
Question #8
Which of the following are contained in the diencephalon?
A.   the cerebral hemispherses, including the cortex, the white matter and the subcortical structures
B.   the pons, the medulla, and the cerebellum
C.   the thalamus, hypothalamus, midbrain, pons, and medulla
D.   the thalamus and the hypothalamus
Question #9
The famous case of Phineas Gage, a railroad worker who lived after a metal bar passed through his brain, offered insights about brain functions. Similarly, some researchers remove parts of the brain in animals to observe changes in behavior. These studies rely on:
A.   DNA
B.   a visual cortex
C.   lesions
D.   "split-brain"
Question #10
You may have heard different types of tissue in the brain being referred to as either "gray matter" or "white matter." What is it that makes white matter white?
A.   When a person undergoes neuroimaging, these parts of the brain show up as white in an fMRI or CT scan.
B.   The high level of oxygenation in these cells causes them to have a whitish hue.
C.   These cells are covered with myelin, which is a fatty sheath that has a whitish color.
D.   Blood does not flow to these parts of the brain and so they remain white.
Question #11
Which of the following terms refers to a naming system; in this case, a common naming system that divides the brain into different recognized parts?
A.   a nomenclature
B.   a thesis
C.   an idiograph
D.   a lexicon
Question #12
What is the primary benefit of using diffuse optical imaging (DOI) as a neuroimaging tool?
A.   It does not require the use of a restrictive apparatus that can cause claustrophobic responses, while all other forms of neuroimaging do require this apparatus.
B.   It provides both high spatial and temporal resolution, where other types of neuroimaging can only provide one or the other.
C.   It takes only minutes to use while other neuroimaging studies can take hours.
D.   It is extremely inexpensive to perform, while other types of neuroimaging can be very costly.
Question #13
The representation of body parts in primary sensory cortex is:
A.   directly related to the motor functions on the same side of the body
B.   larger for body areas requiring greater sensitivity
C.   larger for body parts that develop early in the fetus
D.   present only on the left side of the brain
Question #14
Why are you limited to how much visual information you are able to process at any one given moment?
A.   The neurons in your visual cortex are wired in an inhibitory way.
B.   The occipital lobe is smaller than the other cerebral lobes, so it can't process as much information.
C.   The thalamus, which directs information to the brain, can only filter so much information at any one moment in time.
D.   The hypothalamus sets up an opponent process so that certain incoming visual information "blocks" other incoming visual information.
Question #15
Dina is currently indulging in her sweet tooth by eating an entire box of her favorite Swiss chocolates. Her actions, which are designed to bring her emotional pleasure and gratification, might be related to activation of her __________.
A.   basal ganglia
B.   brain stem
C.   reticular activating system
D.   limbic system
Question #16
Which of the following represents an accurate pairing of a sensory/perceptual system to the appropriate lobe of the cerebral hemispheres?
A.   the parietal lobe - smell (olfactory) processing
B.   temporal lobe - auditory processing
C.   occipital lobe - the somatosensory cortex
D.   the frontal lobe - visual processing
Question #17
Umar has recently been involved in a very serious automobile accident and has sustained a head injury. The neurologist on the case informs his wife that there was severe damage to Umar's brain stem and that there is nothing that can be done to save Umar's life. Which of the following structures is not likely to have been affected in this accident?
A.   the medulla
B.   the pons
C.   the hypothalamus
D.   the amygdala
Question #18
Identify one of the subcortical structures of the cerebral hemispheres.
A.   basal ganglia
B.   pyramidal tracts
C.   putamen
D.   substantial nigra
Question #19
What term is used to refer to the fact that functions seen on one side of the body are controlled by the opposite cerebral hemisphere?
A.   ipsilateral control
B.   contralateral representation
C.   cephalocaudal emergence
D.   proximolateral functioning

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