Psychology 002 - Biological Psychology » Spring 2022 » The Brain Quiz

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Question #1
Jared has to have a procedure where his physician will injected a radioactive substance into his bloodstream, and then will use that tracer to observe blood flow in Jared's brain while he performs certain tasks. Which neuroimaging study will Jared's physician order?
A.   computed tomography (a CT scan)
B.   magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
C.   positron emission tomography (a PET scan)
D.   functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
Question #2
The heavily myelinated fibers that connect the two cerebral hemispheres are collectively called the:
A.   thalamus
B.   corpus callosum
C.   medulla
D.   reticular formation
Question #3
Which part of the brain was referred to by Aristotle as the "little brain?"
A.   the hypothalmus
B.   the reticular activating system
C.   the corpus callosum
D.   the cerebellum
Question #4
The average human brain contains about _______ neurons.
A.   1 to 2 trillion
B.   100 billion
C.   100,000-150,000
D.   500 million
Question #5
In a classic case study Phineas Gage became emotionally labile and unable to restrain his impulsive behaviors after a severe head injury. Much of his brain damage occurred in his:
A.   thalamus
B.   frontal lobes
C.   temporal lobes
D.   parietal lobes
Question #6
A(n) __________ refers to a substance that is necessary for a living organism to maintain life. Examples for human beings include oxygen and glucose.
A.   essential element
B.   amino acid
C.   metabolite
D.   mineral
Question #7
If researchers found that someone with damage to a certain part of the brain lost their ability to speak and then, in a separate study with different individuals, found that the same part of was active during speech this __________ would help them to locate the speech center of the brain.
A.   neural plasticity
B.   phrenology
C.   case study
D.   converging evidence
Question #8
Which of the following are contained in the diencephalon?
A.   the cerebral hemispherses, including the cortex, the white matter and the subcortical structures
B.   the thalamus, hypothalamus, midbrain, pons, and medulla
C.   the pons, the medulla, and the cerebellum
D.   the thalamus and the hypothalamus
Question #9
The famous case of Phineas Gage, a railroad worker who lived after a metal bar passed through his brain, offered insights about brain functions. Similarly, some researchers remove parts of the brain in animals to observe changes in behavior. These studies rely on:
A.   "split-brain"
B.   a visual cortex
C.   lesions
D.   DNA
Question #10
You may have heard different types of tissue in the brain being referred to as either "gray matter" or "white matter." What is it that makes white matter white?
A.   These cells are covered with myelin, which is a fatty sheath that has a whitish color.
B.   When a person undergoes neuroimaging, these parts of the brain show up as white in an fMRI or CT scan.
C.   Blood does not flow to these parts of the brain and so they remain white.
D.   The high level of oxygenation in these cells causes them to have a whitish hue.
Question #11
Which of the following terms refers to a naming system; in this case, a common naming system that divides the brain into different recognized parts?
A.   a thesis
B.   an idiograph
C.   a nomenclature
D.   a lexicon
Question #12
What is the primary benefit of using diffuse optical imaging (DOI) as a neuroimaging tool?
A.   It is extremely inexpensive to perform, while other types of neuroimaging can be very costly.
B.   It takes only minutes to use while other neuroimaging studies can take hours.
C.   It does not require the use of a restrictive apparatus that can cause claustrophobic responses, while all other forms of neuroimaging do require this apparatus.
D.   It provides both high spatial and temporal resolution, where other types of neuroimaging can only provide one or the other.
Question #13
The representation of body parts in primary sensory cortex is:
A.   present only on the left side of the brain
B.   larger for body parts that develop early in the fetus
C.   larger for body areas requiring greater sensitivity
D.   directly related to the motor functions on the same side of the body
Question #14
Why are you limited to how much visual information you are able to process at any one given moment?
A.   The occipital lobe is smaller than the other cerebral lobes, so it can't process as much information.
B.   The neurons in your visual cortex are wired in an inhibitory way.
C.   The hypothalamus sets up an opponent process so that certain incoming visual information "blocks" other incoming visual information.
D.   The thalamus, which directs information to the brain, can only filter so much information at any one moment in time.
Question #15
Dina is currently indulging in her sweet tooth by eating an entire box of her favorite Swiss chocolates. Her actions, which are designed to bring her emotional pleasure and gratification, might be related to activation of her __________.
A.   limbic system
B.   brain stem
C.   basal ganglia
D.   reticular activating system
Question #16
Which of the following represents an accurate pairing of a sensory/perceptual system to the appropriate lobe of the cerebral hemispheres?
A.   the frontal lobe - visual processing
B.   temporal lobe - auditory processing
C.   the parietal lobe - smell (olfactory) processing
D.   occipital lobe - the somatosensory cortex
Question #17
Umar has recently been involved in a very serious automobile accident and has sustained a head injury. The neurologist on the case informs his wife that there was severe damage to Umar's brain stem and that there is nothing that can be done to save Umar's life. Which of the following structures is not likely to have been affected in this accident?
A.   the medulla
B.   the pons
C.   the amygdala
D.   the hypothalamus
Question #18
Identify one of the subcortical structures of the cerebral hemispheres.
A.   pyramidal tracts
B.   substantial nigra
C.   putamen
D.   basal ganglia
Question #19
What term is used to refer to the fact that functions seen on one side of the body are controlled by the opposite cerebral hemisphere?
A.   contralateral representation
B.   cephalocaudal emergence
C.   ipsilateral control
D.   proximolateral functioning

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