Microbiology 020 - General Microbiology » Spring 2022 » Chapter 7 Chemistry Quiz
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Question #1
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Elements
A.
The smallest particles of an element that still retain that element's characteristics
B.
Two or more atoms connected by chemical bonds
C.
Substances that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions
D.
Substances consisting of two or more different elements in a fixed ratio
Question #2
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Compounds
A.
Two or more atoms connected by chemical bonds
B.
Substances consisting of two or more different elements in a fixed ratio
C.
The smallest particles of an element that still retain that element's characteristics
D.
Atoms of the same element with different atomic masses
Question #3
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Atoms
A.
The smallest particles of an element that still retain that element's characteristics
B.
Charged particles formed by the gain or loss of electrons
C.
Atoms of the same element with different atomic masses
D.
Unstable or radioactive forms of an atom that decay over time
Question #4
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Molecules
A.
Substances consisting of two or more different elements in a fixed ratio
B.
The smallest particles of an element that still retain that element's characteristics
C.
Substances that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions
D.
Two or more atoms connected by chemical bonds
Question #5
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Isotopes
A.
Unstable or radioactive forms of an atom that decay over time
B.
Atoms of the same element with different atomic masses
C.
Charged particles formed by the gain or loss of electrons
D.
Substances that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions
Question #6
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Radioisotopes
A.
Unstable or radioactive forms of an atom that decay over time
B.
The smallest particles of an element that still retain that element's characteristics
C.
Two or more atoms connected by chemical bonds
D.
Charged particles formed by the gain or loss of electrons
Question #7
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Ions
A.
Substances consisting of two or more different elements in a fixed ratio
B.
Substances that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions
C.
Charged particles formed by the gain or loss of electrons
D.
The smallest particles of an element that still retain that element's characteristics
Question #8
Atoms are made up of the following number of different subatomic particles:
A.
three
B.
four
C.
two
Question #9
The subatomic particles with a negative charge are called ______.
A.
proton
B.
neutron
C.
electron
Question #10
The nucleus of an atom is made up of ____ and neutrons . As a result, the charge of the nucleus of an atom is _____.
A.
protons, positive
B.
protons, negative
C.
neutron, positive
Question #11
Atoms have no overall charge because the number of electrons is always equal to the number of _____
A.
neutron
B.
protons
C.
electron
Question #12
The four most abundant elements in living organisms are:
A.
none of these choices
B.
calcium, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen
C.
carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and phosphorus
D.
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
E.
carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur
F.
calcium, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen
Question #13
Which of the following isotopes of carbon is radioactive and commonly used for dating fossils?
A.
All of these choices
B.
Carbon-11
C.
Carbon-14
D.
Carbon-12
E.
None of these choices
F.
Carbon-13
Question #14
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Carbon
A.
Most abundant element in living organisms
B.
Use to make proteins and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
C.
Required fo proper thyroid gland function
D.
Forms the backbone of all organic compounds
Question #15
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Oxygen
A.
Essential for hemoglobin and red blood cell formation
B.
Most abundant element in living organisms
C.
Use to make proteins and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
D.
Required fo proper thyroid gland function
Question #16
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Nitrogen
A.
Required for teeth and bone formation
B.
Major electrolyte. Important for fluid balance
C.
Use to make proteins and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
D.
Essential for hemoglobin and red blood cell formation
Question #17
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Iodine
A.
Used to make nucleic acids, ATP,and phosolipids
B.
Required fo proper thyroid gland function
C.
Third most abundant element in living organisms found in water and most oganic compounds
D.
Required for teeth and bone formation
Question #18
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Iron
A.
Use to make proteins and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
B.
Essential for hemoglobin and red blood cell formation
C.
Most abundant element in living organisms
D.
Forms the backbone of all organic compounds
Question #19
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Sodium
A.
Used to make nucleic acids, ATP,and phosolipids
B.
Required for teeth and bone formation
C.
Major electrolyte. Important for fluid balance
D.
Third most abundant element in living organisms found in water and most oganic compounds
Question #20
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Calcium
A.
Required fo proper thyroid gland function
B.
Essential for hemoglobin and red blood cell formation
C.
Major electrolyte. Important for fluid balance
D.
Required for teeth and bone formation
Question #21
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Hydrogen
A.
Used to make nucleic acids, ATP,and phosolipids
B.
Forms the backbone of all organic compounds
C.
Most abundant element in living organisms
D.
Third most abundant element in living organisms found in water and most oganic compounds
Question #22
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Phosphorus
A.
Most abundant element in living organisms
B.
Required fo proper thyroid gland function
C.
Use to make proteins and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
D.
Used to make nucleic acids, ATP,and phosolipids
Question #23
Match the term with its correct description: Nonpolar covalent bond
A.
Attraction between cations and anions
B.
Unequal sharing of electrons
C.
Attraction between partial positive and partial negative charges. These relatively weak bonds determine many of the properties of water
D.
Equal sharing of electrons
Question #24
Match the term with its correct description: Polar covalent bond
A.
Equal sharing of electrons
B.
Positive ion
C.
Negative ion
D.
Unequal sharing of electrons
Question #25
Match the term with its correct description: Ionic bond
A.
Attraction between cations and anions
B.
Attraction between partial positive and partial negative charges. These relatively weak bonds determine many of the properties of water
C.
Unequal sharing of electrons
D.
Equal sharing of electrons
Question #26
Match the term with its correct description: Hydrogen bond
A.
Attraction between cations and anions
B.
Positive ion
C.
Attraction between partial positive and partial negative charges. These relatively weak bonds determine many of the properties of water
D.
Negative ion
Question #27
Match the term with its correct description: Cation
A.
Negative ion
B.
Positive ion
C.
Equal sharing of electrons
D.
Unequal sharing of electrons
Question #28
Match the term with its correct description:Anion
A.
Negative ion
B.
Attraction between cations and anions
C.
Attraction between partial positive and partial negative charges. These relatively weak bonds determine many of the properties of water
D.
Positive ion
Question #29
Two highly electronegative elements that are commonly found in polar organic molecules are:
A.
Oxygen and nitrogen
B.
Carbon and hydrogen
C.
Oxygen and hydrogen
D.
Sulfur and carbon
E.
None of these choices
F.
Carbon and oxygen
Question #30
Which of the following properties of water is related to its ability to form Hydrogen or H-bonds?
A.
Good solvent
B.
All of these properties
C.
Cohesion
D.
High specific heat
E.
None of these properties
F.
Surface tension
Question #31
Solution A has a pH of 4 and solution B has a pH of 7. Which of the following statements is true?
A.
Solution A is 1000X more acidic than solution B
B.
Solution A is acidic and solution B is basic
C.
Solution B is 1000X times more acidic than solution A
D.
Solution A and solution B are equally acidic
E.
Solution B is 30X more acidic than solution A
F.
Solution A is 30X more acidic than solution B
Question #32
Fill in the blanks with a single word, number, or term: A solution is a homogeneous mixture of _____ or more substances.
A.
one
B.
four
C.
three
D.
two
Question #33
Fill in the blanks with a single word, number, or term: An aqueous solution is one in which the _____ is water.
A.
hydrophilic
B.
solute
C.
solvents
Question #34
Fill in the blanks with a single word, number, or term: In a solution of sugar and water, sugar is the ____ .
A.
solutes
B.
hydrophilic
C.
solvent
Question #35
Fill in the blanks with a single word, number, or term: A solute that is attracted to water and dissolves in water is called .
A.
polar
B.
solvent
C.
solute
Question #36
Fill in the blanks with a single word, number, or term: Oil is an example of a substance that does not dissolve in water and is _____ .
A.
hydrophilic
B.
solvent
C.
nonpolar
Question #37
Match the element with the number of covalent bonds they typically form: Carbon
A.
0
B.
4
C.
2
D.
3
Question #38
Match the element with the number of covalent bonds they typically form: Nitrogen
A.
4
B.
1
C.
0
D.
3
Question #39
Match the element with the number of covalent bonds they typically form: Oxygen
A.
0
B.
3
C.
4
D.
2
Question #40
Match the element with the number of covalent bonds they typically form: Hydrogen
A.
1
B.
4
C.
2
D.
0
Question #41
Match the element with the number of covalent bonds they typically form: Helium
A.
0
B.
3
C.
2
D.
1
Question #42
Water has the ability to dissociate or separate into H+ and OH- ions. When a solution is neutral, the concentration of [H+] ions is _____ to the concentration of OH- ions.
A.
less than
B.
equal
C.
greater than
Question #43
In acidic solutions, the concentration of [H+] ions is _______ than the concentration of OH- ions.
A.
less
B.
greater
Question #44
The pH scale ranges from 0 to ______ . A neutral solution has a pH of ________ .
A.
10, 7
B.
14, 7
C.
5, 10
D.
7, 14
Question #45
The pH scale is logarithmic because each unit represents a ______ -fold change in [H+].
A.
7
B.
3
C.
2
D.
10
Question #46
A compound that donates hydrogen ions in a solution is called a(n) ________.
A.
buffers
B.
acids
C.
bases
Question #47
A compound that accepts hydrogen ions in a solution is called a(n) _______.
A.
bases
B.
buffers
C.
acids
Question #48
A substance that minimizes changes in the pH of a solution is called a(n)_______.
A.
acids
B.
buffers
C.
bases
Question #49
A hydrolysis or decomposition reaction occurs when when cells break large molecules into smaller molecules or atoms. Which of the following best describes these reactions?
A.
Anabolic, Endergonic, And Require Water
B.
Catabolic, Endergonic, And Require Water
C.
Catabolic, Exergonic, And Produce Water
D.
Anabolic, Endergonic, And Produce Water
E.
Catabolic, Exergonic, And Require Water
F.
Anabolic, Exergonic, And Produce Water
Question #50
Match the functional group with its correct name: -NH2
A.
Amino
B.
Carbonyl
C.
Hydroxyl
D.
Carboxyl
Question #51
Match the functional group with its correct name: =CO
A.
Carboxyl
B.
Carbonyl
C.
Hydroxyl
D.
Amino
Question #52
Match the functional group with its correct name: -COOH
A.
Hydroxyl
B.
Amino
C.
Carboxyl
D.
Carbonyl
Question #53
Match the functional group with its correct name: -OH
A.
Carbonyl
B.
Amino
C.
Hydroxyl
D.
Carboxyl
Question #54
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Amino acids
A.
Steriods
B.
Glycogen
C.
Proteins
D.
Triglycerides
Question #55
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Thymine, adenine, guanine & cytosine
A.
RNA
B.
Sucrose
C.
DNA
D.
Lactose
Question #56
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Fatty acids
A.
Sucrose
B.
Lactose
C.
Triglycerides
D.
Glycogen
Question #57
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Glucose
A.
Steriods
B.
Triglycerides
C.
Proteins
D.
Glycogen
Question #58
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Glucose & galactose
A.
Lactose
B.
Glycogen
C.
Steriods
D.
Triglycerides
Question #59
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Glucose & fructose
A.
Triglycerides
B.
Steriods
C.
Proteins
D.
Sucrose
Question #60
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Uracil, adenine, guanine, & cytosine
A.
Sucrose
B.
DNA
C.
Lactose
D.
RNA
Question #61
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Phospholipid
A.
Contain four fatty acids
B.
Partially hydrogenated
C.
Amphipathic molecule
D.
Have one or more double bonds between Carbon atoms in fatty acid chains
Question #62
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Steroid
A.
Contain a single fatty acids
B.
Cholesterol
C.
Contain four fatty acids
D.
Amphipathic molecule
Question #63
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Saturated fat
A.
Amphipathic molecule
B.
Partially hydrogenated
C.
Cholesterol
D.
Typically solid at room temperature
Question #64
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Unsaturated fat
A.
Have one or more double bonds between Carbon atoms in fatty acid chains
B.
Contain three fatty acids
C.
Contain four fatty acids
D.
Typically solid at room temperature
Question #65
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Trans fats
A.
Typically solid at room temperature
B.
Partially hydrogenated
C.
Cholesterol
D.
Amphipathic molecule
Question #66
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Waxes
A.
Contain three fatty acids
B.
Have one or more double bonds between Carbon atoms in fatty acid chains
C.
Contain a single fatty acids
D.
Partially hydrogenated
Question #67
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Triglyceride
A.
Cholesterol
B.
Contain four fatty acids
C.
Contain three fatty acids
D.
Contain a single fatty acids
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