Microbiology 020 - General Microbiology » Spring 2022 » Chapter 7 Chemistry Quiz
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Question #1
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Elements
A.
Substances consisting of two or more different elements in a fixed ratio
B.
The smallest particles of an element that still retain that element's characteristics
C.
Two or more atoms connected by chemical bonds
D.
Substances that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions
Question #2
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Compounds
A.
The smallest particles of an element that still retain that element's characteristics
B.
Substances consisting of two or more different elements in a fixed ratio
C.
Atoms of the same element with different atomic masses
D.
Two or more atoms connected by chemical bonds
Question #3
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Atoms
A.
Charged particles formed by the gain or loss of electrons
B.
Atoms of the same element with different atomic masses
C.
The smallest particles of an element that still retain that element's characteristics
D.
Unstable or radioactive forms of an atom that decay over time
Question #4
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Molecules
A.
The smallest particles of an element that still retain that element's characteristics
B.
Two or more atoms connected by chemical bonds
C.
Substances consisting of two or more different elements in a fixed ratio
D.
Substances that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions
Question #5
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Isotopes
A.
Charged particles formed by the gain or loss of electrons
B.
Atoms of the same element with different atomic masses
C.
Substances that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions
D.
Unstable or radioactive forms of an atom that decay over time
Question #6
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Radioisotopes
A.
Unstable or radioactive forms of an atom that decay over time
B.
The smallest particles of an element that still retain that element's characteristics
C.
Two or more atoms connected by chemical bonds
D.
Charged particles formed by the gain or loss of electrons
Question #7
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Ions
A.
Substances that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions
B.
The smallest particles of an element that still retain that element's characteristics
C.
Substances consisting of two or more different elements in a fixed ratio
D.
Charged particles formed by the gain or loss of electrons
Question #8
Atoms are made up of the following number of different subatomic particles:
A.
four
B.
two
C.
three
Question #9
The subatomic particles with a negative charge are called ______.
A.
electron
B.
proton
C.
neutron
Question #10
The nucleus of an atom is made up of ____ and neutrons . As a result, the charge of the nucleus of an atom is _____.
A.
protons, negative
B.
protons, positive
C.
neutron, positive
Question #11
Atoms have no overall charge because the number of electrons is always equal to the number of _____
A.
protons
B.
neutron
C.
electron
Question #12
The four most abundant elements in living organisms are:
A.
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
B.
calcium, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen
C.
none of these choices
D.
calcium, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen
E.
carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur
F.
carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and phosphorus
Question #13
Which of the following isotopes of carbon is radioactive and commonly used for dating fossils?
A.
All of these choices
B.
Carbon-12
C.
None of these choices
D.
Carbon-11
E.
Carbon-13
F.
Carbon-14
Question #14
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Carbon
A.
Most abundant element in living organisms
B.
Required fo proper thyroid gland function
C.
Use to make proteins and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
D.
Forms the backbone of all organic compounds
Question #15
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Oxygen
A.
Most abundant element in living organisms
B.
Required fo proper thyroid gland function
C.
Use to make proteins and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
D.
Essential for hemoglobin and red blood cell formation
Question #16
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Nitrogen
A.
Use to make proteins and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
B.
Major electrolyte. Important for fluid balance
C.
Required for teeth and bone formation
D.
Essential for hemoglobin and red blood cell formation
Question #17
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Iodine
A.
Required fo proper thyroid gland function
B.
Required for teeth and bone formation
C.
Used to make nucleic acids, ATP,and phosolipids
D.
Third most abundant element in living organisms found in water and most oganic compounds
Question #18
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Iron
A.
Use to make proteins and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
B.
Essential for hemoglobin and red blood cell formation
C.
Forms the backbone of all organic compounds
D.
Most abundant element in living organisms
Question #19
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Sodium
A.
Used to make nucleic acids, ATP,and phosolipids
B.
Third most abundant element in living organisms found in water and most oganic compounds
C.
Major electrolyte. Important for fluid balance
D.
Required for teeth and bone formation
Question #20
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Calcium
A.
Required for teeth and bone formation
B.
Major electrolyte. Important for fluid balance
C.
Essential for hemoglobin and red blood cell formation
D.
Required fo proper thyroid gland function
Question #21
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Hydrogen
A.
Used to make nucleic acids, ATP,and phosolipids
B.
Forms the backbone of all organic compounds
C.
Third most abundant element in living organisms found in water and most oganic compounds
D.
Most abundant element in living organisms
Question #22
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Phosphorus
A.
Used to make nucleic acids, ATP,and phosolipids
B.
Use to make proteins and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
C.
Most abundant element in living organisms
D.
Required fo proper thyroid gland function
Question #23
Match the term with its correct description: Nonpolar covalent bond
A.
Attraction between cations and anions
B.
Attraction between partial positive and partial negative charges. These relatively weak bonds determine many of the properties of water
C.
Equal sharing of electrons
D.
Unequal sharing of electrons
Question #24
Match the term with its correct description: Polar covalent bond
A.
Equal sharing of electrons
B.
Negative ion
C.
Positive ion
D.
Unequal sharing of electrons
Question #25
Match the term with its correct description: Ionic bond
A.
Attraction between partial positive and partial negative charges. These relatively weak bonds determine many of the properties of water
B.
Equal sharing of electrons
C.
Attraction between cations and anions
D.
Unequal sharing of electrons
Question #26
Match the term with its correct description: Hydrogen bond
A.
Attraction between cations and anions
B.
Negative ion
C.
Attraction between partial positive and partial negative charges. These relatively weak bonds determine many of the properties of water
D.
Positive ion
Question #27
Match the term with its correct description: Cation
A.
Equal sharing of electrons
B.
Positive ion
C.
Negative ion
D.
Unequal sharing of electrons
Question #28
Match the term with its correct description:Anion
A.
Attraction between cations and anions
B.
Attraction between partial positive and partial negative charges. These relatively weak bonds determine many of the properties of water
C.
Positive ion
D.
Negative ion
Question #29
Two highly electronegative elements that are commonly found in polar organic molecules are:
A.
Carbon and oxygen
B.
Sulfur and carbon
C.
Carbon and hydrogen
D.
None of these choices
E.
Oxygen and hydrogen
F.
Oxygen and nitrogen
Question #30
Which of the following properties of water is related to its ability to form Hydrogen or H-bonds?
A.
Good solvent
B.
None of these properties
C.
Cohesion
D.
High specific heat
E.
All of these properties
F.
Surface tension
Question #31
Solution A has a pH of 4 and solution B has a pH of 7. Which of the following statements is true?
A.
Solution B is 30X more acidic than solution A
B.
Solution A is 30X more acidic than solution B
C.
Solution B is 1000X times more acidic than solution A
D.
Solution A and solution B are equally acidic
E.
Solution A is 1000X more acidic than solution B
F.
Solution A is acidic and solution B is basic
Question #32
Fill in the blanks with a single word, number, or term: A solution is a homogeneous mixture of _____ or more substances.
A.
one
B.
three
C.
two
D.
four
Question #33
Fill in the blanks with a single word, number, or term: An aqueous solution is one in which the _____ is water.
A.
hydrophilic
B.
solute
C.
solvents
Question #34
Fill in the blanks with a single word, number, or term: In a solution of sugar and water, sugar is the ____ .
A.
solvent
B.
solutes
C.
hydrophilic
Question #35
Fill in the blanks with a single word, number, or term: A solute that is attracted to water and dissolves in water is called .
A.
polar
B.
solute
C.
solvent
Question #36
Fill in the blanks with a single word, number, or term: Oil is an example of a substance that does not dissolve in water and is _____ .
A.
hydrophilic
B.
solvent
C.
nonpolar
Question #37
Match the element with the number of covalent bonds they typically form: Carbon
A.
3
B.
2
C.
0
D.
4
Question #38
Match the element with the number of covalent bonds they typically form: Nitrogen
A.
0
B.
4
C.
1
D.
3
Question #39
Match the element with the number of covalent bonds they typically form: Oxygen
A.
4
B.
0
C.
3
D.
2
Question #40
Match the element with the number of covalent bonds they typically form: Hydrogen
A.
2
B.
1
C.
4
D.
0
Question #41
Match the element with the number of covalent bonds they typically form: Helium
A.
1
B.
3
C.
0
D.
2
Question #42
Water has the ability to dissociate or separate into H+ and OH- ions. When a solution is neutral, the concentration of [H+] ions is _____ to the concentration of OH- ions.
A.
greater than
B.
equal
C.
less than
Question #43
In acidic solutions, the concentration of [H+] ions is _______ than the concentration of OH- ions.
A.
less
B.
greater
Question #44
The pH scale ranges from 0 to ______ . A neutral solution has a pH of ________ .
A.
10, 7
B.
5, 10
C.
7, 14
D.
14, 7
Question #45
The pH scale is logarithmic because each unit represents a ______ -fold change in [H+].
A.
3
B.
7
C.
10
D.
2
Question #46
A compound that donates hydrogen ions in a solution is called a(n) ________.
A.
buffers
B.
acids
C.
bases
Question #47
A compound that accepts hydrogen ions in a solution is called a(n) _______.
A.
buffers
B.
acids
C.
bases
Question #48
A substance that minimizes changes in the pH of a solution is called a(n)_______.
A.
acids
B.
buffers
C.
bases
Question #49
A hydrolysis or decomposition reaction occurs when when cells break large molecules into smaller molecules or atoms. Which of the following best describes these reactions?
A.
Anabolic, Endergonic, And Require Water
B.
Catabolic, Exergonic, And Require Water
C.
Anabolic, Endergonic, And Produce Water
D.
Anabolic, Exergonic, And Produce Water
E.
Catabolic, Endergonic, And Require Water
F.
Catabolic, Exergonic, And Produce Water
Question #50
Match the functional group with its correct name: -NH2
A.
Carbonyl
B.
Carboxyl
C.
Amino
D.
Hydroxyl
Question #51
Match the functional group with its correct name: =CO
A.
Hydroxyl
B.
Carboxyl
C.
Carbonyl
D.
Amino
Question #52
Match the functional group with its correct name: -COOH
A.
Carbonyl
B.
Amino
C.
Carboxyl
D.
Hydroxyl
Question #53
Match the functional group with its correct name: -OH
A.
Hydroxyl
B.
Amino
C.
Carbonyl
D.
Carboxyl
Question #54
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Amino acids
A.
Proteins
B.
Triglycerides
C.
Steriods
D.
Glycogen
Question #55
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Thymine, adenine, guanine & cytosine
A.
Sucrose
B.
Lactose
C.
RNA
D.
DNA
Question #56
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Fatty acids
A.
Triglycerides
B.
Lactose
C.
Sucrose
D.
Glycogen
Question #57
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Glucose
A.
Proteins
B.
Triglycerides
C.
Steriods
D.
Glycogen
Question #58
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Glucose & galactose
A.
Steriods
B.
Glycogen
C.
Lactose
D.
Triglycerides
Question #59
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Glucose & fructose
A.
Triglycerides
B.
Sucrose
C.
Proteins
D.
Steriods
Question #60
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Uracil, adenine, guanine, & cytosine
A.
Lactose
B.
Sucrose
C.
DNA
D.
RNA
Question #61
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Phospholipid
A.
Partially hydrogenated
B.
Have one or more double bonds between Carbon atoms in fatty acid chains
C.
Amphipathic molecule
D.
Contain four fatty acids
Question #62
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Steroid
A.
Contain four fatty acids
B.
Amphipathic molecule
C.
Cholesterol
D.
Contain a single fatty acids
Question #63
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Saturated fat
A.
Typically solid at room temperature
B.
Amphipathic molecule
C.
Partially hydrogenated
D.
Cholesterol
Question #64
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Unsaturated fat
A.
Contain four fatty acids
B.
Contain three fatty acids
C.
Typically solid at room temperature
D.
Have one or more double bonds between Carbon atoms in fatty acid chains
Question #65
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Trans fats
A.
Amphipathic molecule
B.
Partially hydrogenated
C.
Cholesterol
D.
Typically solid at room temperature
Question #66
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Waxes
A.
Contain three fatty acids
B.
Partially hydrogenated
C.
Contain a single fatty acids
D.
Have one or more double bonds between Carbon atoms in fatty acid chains
Question #67
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Triglyceride
A.
Contain four fatty acids
B.
Cholesterol
C.
Contain a single fatty acids
D.
Contain three fatty acids
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