Microbiology 020 - General Microbiology » Spring 2022 » Chapter 7 Chemistry Quiz
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Question #1
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Elements
A.
Substances consisting of two or more different elements in a fixed ratio
B.
Substances that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions
C.
Two or more atoms connected by chemical bonds
D.
The smallest particles of an element that still retain that element's characteristics
Question #2
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Compounds
A.
Two or more atoms connected by chemical bonds
B.
Atoms of the same element with different atomic masses
C.
The smallest particles of an element that still retain that element's characteristics
D.
Substances consisting of two or more different elements in a fixed ratio
Question #3
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Atoms
A.
Unstable or radioactive forms of an atom that decay over time
B.
The smallest particles of an element that still retain that element's characteristics
C.
Atoms of the same element with different atomic masses
D.
Charged particles formed by the gain or loss of electrons
Question #4
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Molecules
A.
Two or more atoms connected by chemical bonds
B.
Substances that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions
C.
The smallest particles of an element that still retain that element's characteristics
D.
Substances consisting of two or more different elements in a fixed ratio
Question #5
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Isotopes
A.
Charged particles formed by the gain or loss of electrons
B.
Substances that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions
C.
Atoms of the same element with different atomic masses
D.
Unstable or radioactive forms of an atom that decay over time
Question #6
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Radioisotopes
A.
Charged particles formed by the gain or loss of electrons
B.
Unstable or radioactive forms of an atom that decay over time
C.
Two or more atoms connected by chemical bonds
D.
The smallest particles of an element that still retain that element's characteristics
Question #7
Match the chemical term with the correct definition: Ions
A.
The smallest particles of an element that still retain that element's characteristics
B.
Charged particles formed by the gain or loss of electrons
C.
Substances consisting of two or more different elements in a fixed ratio
D.
Substances that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions
Question #8
Atoms are made up of the following number of different subatomic particles:
A.
four
B.
two
C.
three
Question #9
The subatomic particles with a negative charge are called ______.
A.
electron
B.
neutron
C.
proton
Question #10
The nucleus of an atom is made up of ____ and neutrons . As a result, the charge of the nucleus of an atom is _____.
A.
protons, negative
B.
neutron, positive
C.
protons, positive
Question #11
Atoms have no overall charge because the number of electrons is always equal to the number of _____
A.
electron
B.
protons
C.
neutron
Question #12
The four most abundant elements in living organisms are:
A.
calcium, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen
B.
calcium, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen
C.
carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur
D.
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
E.
carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and phosphorus
F.
none of these choices
Question #13
Which of the following isotopes of carbon is radioactive and commonly used for dating fossils?
A.
Carbon-11
B.
Carbon-13
C.
Carbon-14
D.
All of these choices
E.
None of these choices
F.
Carbon-12
Question #14
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Carbon
A.
Forms the backbone of all organic compounds
B.
Most abundant element in living organisms
C.
Required fo proper thyroid gland function
D.
Use to make proteins and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
Question #15
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Oxygen
A.
Essential for hemoglobin and red blood cell formation
B.
Most abundant element in living organisms
C.
Required fo proper thyroid gland function
D.
Use to make proteins and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
Question #16
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Nitrogen
A.
Essential for hemoglobin and red blood cell formation
B.
Use to make proteins and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
C.
Major electrolyte. Important for fluid balance
D.
Required for teeth and bone formation
Question #17
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Iodine
A.
Third most abundant element in living organisms found in water and most oganic compounds
B.
Required fo proper thyroid gland function
C.
Used to make nucleic acids, ATP,and phosolipids
D.
Required for teeth and bone formation
Question #18
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Iron
A.
Forms the backbone of all organic compounds
B.
Most abundant element in living organisms
C.
Essential for hemoglobin and red blood cell formation
D.
Use to make proteins and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
Question #19
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Sodium
A.
Third most abundant element in living organisms found in water and most oganic compounds
B.
Used to make nucleic acids, ATP,and phosolipids
C.
Major electrolyte. Important for fluid balance
D.
Required for teeth and bone formation
Question #20
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Calcium
A.
Required fo proper thyroid gland function
B.
Major electrolyte. Important for fluid balance
C.
Essential for hemoglobin and red blood cell formation
D.
Required for teeth and bone formation
Question #21
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Hydrogen
A.
Used to make nucleic acids, ATP,and phosolipids
B.
Third most abundant element in living organisms found in water and most oganic compounds
C.
Forms the backbone of all organic compounds
D.
Most abundant element in living organisms
Question #22
Match the element with the best description of its importance and functions in living organisms: Phosphorus
A.
Use to make proteins and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
B.
Required fo proper thyroid gland function
C.
Most abundant element in living organisms
D.
Used to make nucleic acids, ATP,and phosolipids
Question #23
Match the term with its correct description: Nonpolar covalent bond
A.
Equal sharing of electrons
B.
Unequal sharing of electrons
C.
Attraction between partial positive and partial negative charges. These relatively weak bonds determine many of the properties of water
D.
Attraction between cations and anions
Question #24
Match the term with its correct description: Polar covalent bond
A.
Negative ion
B.
Unequal sharing of electrons
C.
Positive ion
D.
Equal sharing of electrons
Question #25
Match the term with its correct description: Ionic bond
A.
Equal sharing of electrons
B.
Attraction between cations and anions
C.
Unequal sharing of electrons
D.
Attraction between partial positive and partial negative charges. These relatively weak bonds determine many of the properties of water
Question #26
Match the term with its correct description: Hydrogen bond
A.
Positive ion
B.
Negative ion
C.
Attraction between cations and anions
D.
Attraction between partial positive and partial negative charges. These relatively weak bonds determine many of the properties of water
Question #27
Match the term with its correct description: Cation
A.
Unequal sharing of electrons
B.
Negative ion
C.
Equal sharing of electrons
D.
Positive ion
Question #28
Match the term with its correct description:Anion
A.
Positive ion
B.
Attraction between cations and anions
C.
Attraction between partial positive and partial negative charges. These relatively weak bonds determine many of the properties of water
D.
Negative ion
Question #29
Two highly electronegative elements that are commonly found in polar organic molecules are:
A.
Carbon and oxygen
B.
Oxygen and hydrogen
C.
Oxygen and nitrogen
D.
Sulfur and carbon
E.
Carbon and hydrogen
F.
None of these choices
Question #30
Which of the following properties of water is related to its ability to form Hydrogen or H-bonds?
A.
None of these properties
B.
Cohesion
C.
Good solvent
D.
Surface tension
E.
High specific heat
F.
All of these properties
Question #31
Solution A has a pH of 4 and solution B has a pH of 7. Which of the following statements is true?
A.
Solution B is 30X more acidic than solution A
B.
Solution A and solution B are equally acidic
C.
Solution A is acidic and solution B is basic
D.
Solution B is 1000X times more acidic than solution A
E.
Solution A is 1000X more acidic than solution B
F.
Solution A is 30X more acidic than solution B
Question #32
Fill in the blanks with a single word, number, or term: A solution is a homogeneous mixture of _____ or more substances.
A.
four
B.
three
C.
two
D.
one
Question #33
Fill in the blanks with a single word, number, or term: An aqueous solution is one in which the _____ is water.
A.
hydrophilic
B.
solvents
C.
solute
Question #34
Fill in the blanks with a single word, number, or term: In a solution of sugar and water, sugar is the ____ .
A.
solvent
B.
hydrophilic
C.
solutes
Question #35
Fill in the blanks with a single word, number, or term: A solute that is attracted to water and dissolves in water is called .
A.
solvent
B.
polar
C.
solute
Question #36
Fill in the blanks with a single word, number, or term: Oil is an example of a substance that does not dissolve in water and is _____ .
A.
hydrophilic
B.
nonpolar
C.
solvent
Question #37
Match the element with the number of covalent bonds they typically form: Carbon
A.
4
B.
3
C.
2
D.
0
Question #38
Match the element with the number of covalent bonds they typically form: Nitrogen
A.
1
B.
3
C.
4
D.
0
Question #39
Match the element with the number of covalent bonds they typically form: Oxygen
A.
0
B.
3
C.
2
D.
4
Question #40
Match the element with the number of covalent bonds they typically form: Hydrogen
A.
2
B.
4
C.
0
D.
1
Question #41
Match the element with the number of covalent bonds they typically form: Helium
A.
3
B.
0
C.
2
D.
1
Question #42
Water has the ability to dissociate or separate into H+ and OH- ions. When a solution is neutral, the concentration of [H+] ions is _____ to the concentration of OH- ions.
A.
equal
B.
less than
C.
greater than
Question #43
In acidic solutions, the concentration of [H+] ions is _______ than the concentration of OH- ions.
A.
greater
B.
less
Question #44
The pH scale ranges from 0 to ______ . A neutral solution has a pH of ________ .
A.
7, 14
B.
5, 10
C.
10, 7
D.
14, 7
Question #45
The pH scale is logarithmic because each unit represents a ______ -fold change in [H+].
A.
3
B.
2
C.
7
D.
10
Question #46
A compound that donates hydrogen ions in a solution is called a(n) ________.
A.
buffers
B.
bases
C.
acids
Question #47
A compound that accepts hydrogen ions in a solution is called a(n) _______.
A.
bases
B.
buffers
C.
acids
Question #48
A substance that minimizes changes in the pH of a solution is called a(n)_______.
A.
buffers
B.
bases
C.
acids
Question #49
A hydrolysis or decomposition reaction occurs when when cells break large molecules into smaller molecules or atoms. Which of the following best describes these reactions?
A.
Anabolic, Endergonic, And Require Water
B.
Catabolic, Exergonic, And Require Water
C.
Anabolic, Endergonic, And Produce Water
D.
Catabolic, Exergonic, And Produce Water
E.
Catabolic, Endergonic, And Require Water
F.
Anabolic, Exergonic, And Produce Water
Question #50
Match the functional group with its correct name: -NH2
A.
Carboxyl
B.
Carbonyl
C.
Hydroxyl
D.
Amino
Question #51
Match the functional group with its correct name: =CO
A.
Amino
B.
Hydroxyl
C.
Carboxyl
D.
Carbonyl
Question #52
Match the functional group with its correct name: -COOH
A.
Carbonyl
B.
Amino
C.
Hydroxyl
D.
Carboxyl
Question #53
Match the functional group with its correct name: -OH
A.
Carboxyl
B.
Carbonyl
C.
Hydroxyl
D.
Amino
Question #54
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Amino acids
A.
Proteins
B.
Steriods
C.
Glycogen
D.
Triglycerides
Question #55
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Thymine, adenine, guanine & cytosine
A.
Sucrose
B.
RNA
C.
DNA
D.
Lactose
Question #56
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Fatty acids
A.
Glycogen
B.
Sucrose
C.
Lactose
D.
Triglycerides
Question #57
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Glucose
A.
Steriods
B.
Proteins
C.
Triglycerides
D.
Glycogen
Question #58
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Glucose & galactose
A.
Lactose
B.
Glycogen
C.
Triglycerides
D.
Steriods
Question #59
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Glucose & fructose
A.
Proteins
B.
Steriods
C.
Sucrose
D.
Triglycerides
Question #60
Match the biological molecules with its building blocks: Uracil, adenine, guanine, & cytosine
A.
DNA
B.
RNA
C.
Lactose
D.
Sucrose
Question #61
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Phospholipid
A.
Partially hydrogenated
B.
Amphipathic molecule
C.
Have one or more double bonds between Carbon atoms in fatty acid chains
D.
Contain four fatty acids
Question #62
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Steroid
A.
Contain a single fatty acids
B.
Cholesterol
C.
Contain four fatty acids
D.
Amphipathic molecule
Question #63
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Saturated fat
A.
Amphipathic molecule
B.
Typically solid at room temperature
C.
Cholesterol
D.
Partially hydrogenated
Question #64
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Unsaturated fat
A.
Have one or more double bonds between Carbon atoms in fatty acid chains
B.
Contain three fatty acids
C.
Typically solid at room temperature
D.
Contain four fatty acids
Question #65
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Trans fats
A.
Amphipathic molecule
B.
Typically solid at room temperature
C.
Cholesterol
D.
Partially hydrogenated
Question #66
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Waxes
A.
Contain three fatty acids
B.
Have one or more double bonds between Carbon atoms in fatty acid chains
C.
Partially hydrogenated
D.
Contain a single fatty acids
Question #67
Match the lipids with its characteristics: Triglyceride
A.
Contain a single fatty acids
B.
Contain three fatty acids
C.
Contain four fatty acids
D.
Cholesterol
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