Soc 101 - Introduction to Sociology » Spring 2022 » Chapter 7

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Question #1
“The recognized violation of cultural norms” refers to the concept of
A.   legal infraction.
B.   deviance.
C.   juvenile delinquency.
D.   crime
Question #2
“Crime” differs from “deviance” in that crime
A.   is usually less serious.
B.   is always more serious.
C.   refers to a violation of norms enacted into law.
D.   involves a larger share of the population.
Question #3
The formal system that responds to alleged violations of the law using police, courts, and prison officials is called
A.   the normative system.
B.   civil law.
C.   social control.
D.   the criminal justice system.
Question #4
Every society tries to regulate the behavior of individuals; this general process is called ______.
A.   neighborhood watch
B.   the legal system
C.   social control
D.   self-control
Question #5
In Robert Merton’s strain theory of deviance, ___________ refers to the unconventional means to achieve approved goals.
A.   retreatism
B.   innovation
C.   ritualism
D.   rebellion
Question #6
According to Robert Merton’s strain theory, the term ________would correctly describe conventional goals through normal means.
A.   retreatist
B.   ritualist
C.   conformity
D.   rebel
Question #7
According to Durkheim, functions of deviance include
A.   the idea that deviance looks the same across cultures.
B.   the idea that responding to deviance promotes social unity.
C.   the idea that responding to deviance confuses moral boundaries.
D.   negating cultural values and norms.
Question #8
The basic idea behind labeling theory is that
A.   power has much to do with how a society defines deviance.
B.   deviance is actually useful in a number of ways.
C.   deviance is actually a myth.
D.   deviance arises not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do.
Question #9
What concept did Erving Goffman use to refer to a powerful and negative label that greatly changes a person’s self-concept and social identity?
A.   a secondary identity
B.   a deviant ritual
C.   a degradation ceremony
D.   stigma
Question #10
Cloward and Ohlin extended Merton’s theory of deviance, stating that delinquency
A.   is most common among lower-class youths because they have the least opportunity for conventional success.
B.   is typically a result of drug dependence or other substance addiction.
C.   is defined in such a way as to overly criminalize the poor.
D.   is more common among the rich who have more opportunity.

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