Psychology 103 - Physiological Psychology » Spring 2022 » Exam 2
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Question #1
Which method provides structural and functional information about the living human brain on the same image?
A.
functional MRI
B.
EEG
C.
CT
D.
PET
E.
angiography
Question #2
Autoreceptors of a neuron are sensitive to the neuron's own
A.
second messengers.
B.
APs.
C.
EPSPs.
D.
IPSPs.
E.
neurotransmitter.
Question #3
The release of neurotransmitter molecules from buttons is often triggered by
A.
the sodium-potassium pump.
B.
an influx of calcium ions.
C.
an efflux of sodium ions.
D.
the release of calcium ions from the buttons.
E.
the arrival of an AP at the axon hillock.
Question #4
In essence, on-center and off-center cells of the retina-geniculate-striate system respond best to
A.
contrast.
B.
dots of light.
C.
movement.
D.
circles.
E.
straight lines.
Question #5
Many neurons contain and release two neurotransmitters. This situation is called
A.
coexistence.
B.
covalence.
C.
cohabitation.
D.
metabotropism.
E.
ionotropism.
Question #6
A neuron normally fires when
A.
there is an IPSP.
B.
its sodium-potassium pumps are stimulated.
C.
the degree of depolarization on the axon adjacent to the hillock exceeds the threshold of excitation.
D.
there is an EPSP.
E.
its buttons are stimulated.
Question #7
The conduction of an action potential along any axon is mediated by the action of
A.
voltage-activated ion channels.
B.
myelin.
C.
EPSPs.
D.
ligand-activated ion channels.
E.
nodes of Ranvier.
Question #8
Like simple cells, complex cortical cells
A.
are unresponsive to diffuse light.
B.
all of these
C.
respond to contrast.
D.
respond best to straight-line stimuli in a particular orientation.
E.
have rectangular receptive fields.
Question #9
Many current neuropsychological assessments begin with the
A.
dichotic listening test.
B.
Psychiatric Test Inventory (PTI).
C.
WAIS.
D.
ERP
E.
sodium amytal test.
Question #10
Cooling can be used to produce a functional or reversible brain lesion because
A.
it can temporarily suppress neural activity in a particular area of the brain without damaging the brain.
B.
it produces lesions that can be reversed with drugs.
C.
the damage that it produces lasts only a few weeks.
D.
the subjects usually survive.
E.
the damage that it produces lasts only a day or two.
Question #11
Which of the following are synthesized from tyrosine?
A.
amino acids
B.
catecholamines
C.
indolamines
D.
monoamines
Question #12
Which contrast X-ray technique is designed to locate vascular abnormalities in the brains of human patients?
A.
PET scans
B.
CT scans
C.
X-ray photography
D.
pneumoencephalography
E.
cerebral angiography
Question #13
The cortical area that has most frequently been linked to pain by functional brain imaging studies is the
A.
inferotemporal cortex.
B.
PAG.
C.
secondary somatosensory cortex.
D.
anterior cingulate cortex.
E.
posterior parietal cortex.
Question #14
In comparison to ionotropic receptors, metabotropic receptors
A.
produce effects that take longer to develop.
B.
are more prevalent.
C.
all of these
D.
produce longer lasting effects.
E.
produce effects that are more diffuse.
Question #15
The bleaching of rhodopsin by light
A.
triggers inhibitory effects.
B.
hyperpolarizes the rods.
C.
reduces the release of glutamate from rods.
D.
all of these
E.
closes rod sodium channels.
Question #16
On the basis of their receptive field properties, most neurons in lower layer IV of the primary visual cortex are classified as
A.
on-center or off-center cells.
B.
hypercomplex cells.
C.
type A or type B cells.
D.
complex cells or hypercomplex cells.
E.
simple cells or complex cells.
Question #17
According to the retinex theory, the color of an object depends on
A.
all of these
B.
the dominant wavelength that it reflects.
C.
its reflectance and the proportion of light of different wavelengths that it reflects.
D.
none of these
Question #18
Which of the following is a method used by cognitive neuroscientists to turn off part of the brain while the effects on cognition and behavior are assessed?
A.
EEG
B.
TMS
C.
PET
D.
ERP
E.
2-DG
Question #19
Color vision is mediated by
A.
the scotopic system.
B.
rods.
C.
rhodopsin.
D.
the photopic system.
E.
duplexity.
Question #20
Which of the following provides the most detailed three-dimensional view of the structure of the living human brain?
A.
PET
B.
CT
C.
angiography
D.
MRI
E.
EEG
Question #21
Light passes through layers of the retina in which of the following sequences?
A.
receptor layer, bipolar cell layer, retinal ganglion cell layer and retinal ganglion cell layer, amacrine cell layer, receptor layer
B.
none of these
C.
retinal ganglion cell layer, horizontal cell layer, receptor layer and retinal ganglion cell layer, amacrine cell layer, receptor layer
D.
receptor layer, bipolar cell layer, retinal ganglion cell layer
Question #22
The process of neurotransmitter release is referred to as
A.
excitation.
B.
metabolism.
C.
exocytosis.
D.
synthesis.
E.
expulsion.
Question #23
Which of the following is a commonly used measure of the sexual receptivity of female rats?
A.
mount frequency
B.
lordosis quotient
C.
number of intromissions to ejaculation
D.
postejaculatory interval
E.
number of ejaculations to intromission
Question #24
Which technique records the BOLD signal?
A.
fMRI
B.
C.
MEG
D.
MRI
E.
PET
F.
CT
Question #25
A compelling illustration of contrast enhancement is
A.
the complementary color afterimage demonstration.
B.
the cocktail sausage demonstration.
C.
color constancy.
D.
lateral inhibition.
E.
the Mach band demonstration.
Question #26
Many buttons contain two sizes of vesicles; the larger ones typically contain
A.
acetylcholine.
B.
dopamine.
C.
small-molecule neurotransmitters.
D.
glutamate.
E.
neuropeptides.
Question #27
Prosopagnosia has been linked to damage of the
A.
hippocampus.
B.
frontal lobes.
C.
dorsal stream.
D.
fusiform face area.
Question #28
Sodium-potassium pumps maintain the resting membrane potential by transporting
A.
none of these
B.
K+ ions into neurons and Na+ ions out of neurons.
C.
Na+ ions into neurons
D.
Na+ ions into neurons and K+ ions into neurons
Question #29
The retina-geniculate-striate system is organized
A.
on the basis of wavelength.
B.
from top to bottom.
C.
from left to right.
D.
ipsilaterally.
E.
retinotopically.
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