Psychology 103 - Physiological Psychology » Spring 2022 » Exam 2
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Question #1
Which method provides structural and functional information about the living human brain on the same image?
A.
functional MRI
B.
CT
C.
angiography
D.
EEG
E.
PET
Question #2
Autoreceptors of a neuron are sensitive to the neuron's own
A.
APs.
B.
second messengers.
C.
EPSPs.
D.
neurotransmitter.
E.
IPSPs.
Question #3
The release of neurotransmitter molecules from buttons is often triggered by
A.
the arrival of an AP at the axon hillock.
B.
the sodium-potassium pump.
C.
an influx of calcium ions.
D.
the release of calcium ions from the buttons.
E.
an efflux of sodium ions.
Question #4
In essence, on-center and off-center cells of the retina-geniculate-striate system respond best to
A.
contrast.
B.
movement.
C.
dots of light.
D.
circles.
E.
straight lines.
Question #5
Many neurons contain and release two neurotransmitters. This situation is called
A.
cohabitation.
B.
covalence.
C.
metabotropism.
D.
ionotropism.
E.
coexistence.
Question #6
A neuron normally fires when
A.
the degree of depolarization on the axon adjacent to the hillock exceeds the threshold of excitation.
B.
its sodium-potassium pumps are stimulated.
C.
there is an IPSP.
D.
there is an EPSP.
E.
its buttons are stimulated.
Question #7
The conduction of an action potential along any axon is mediated by the action of
A.
ligand-activated ion channels.
B.
nodes of Ranvier.
C.
myelin.
D.
voltage-activated ion channels.
E.
EPSPs.
Question #8
Like simple cells, complex cortical cells
A.
all of these
B.
are unresponsive to diffuse light.
C.
respond to contrast.
D.
respond best to straight-line stimuli in a particular orientation.
E.
have rectangular receptive fields.
Question #9
Many current neuropsychological assessments begin with the
A.
Psychiatric Test Inventory (PTI).
B.
dichotic listening test.
C.
sodium amytal test.
D.
WAIS.
E.
ERP
Question #10
Cooling can be used to produce a functional or reversible brain lesion because
A.
the damage that it produces lasts only a few weeks.
B.
the subjects usually survive.
C.
the damage that it produces lasts only a day or two.
D.
it produces lesions that can be reversed with drugs.
E.
it can temporarily suppress neural activity in a particular area of the brain without damaging the brain.
Question #11
Which of the following are synthesized from tyrosine?
A.
amino acids
B.
indolamines
C.
catecholamines
D.
monoamines
Question #12
Which contrast X-ray technique is designed to locate vascular abnormalities in the brains of human patients?
A.
CT scans
B.
PET scans
C.
X-ray photography
D.
pneumoencephalography
E.
cerebral angiography
Question #13
The cortical area that has most frequently been linked to pain by functional brain imaging studies is the
A.
anterior cingulate cortex.
B.
posterior parietal cortex.
C.
inferotemporal cortex.
D.
PAG.
E.
secondary somatosensory cortex.
Question #14
In comparison to ionotropic receptors, metabotropic receptors
A.
produce longer lasting effects.
B.
all of these
C.
produce effects that are more diffuse.
D.
are more prevalent.
E.
produce effects that take longer to develop.
Question #15
The bleaching of rhodopsin by light
A.
triggers inhibitory effects.
B.
reduces the release of glutamate from rods.
C.
all of these
D.
closes rod sodium channels.
E.
hyperpolarizes the rods.
Question #16
On the basis of their receptive field properties, most neurons in lower layer IV of the primary visual cortex are classified as
A.
on-center or off-center cells.
B.
hypercomplex cells.
C.
type A or type B cells.
D.
complex cells or hypercomplex cells.
E.
simple cells or complex cells.
Question #17
According to the retinex theory, the color of an object depends on
A.
the dominant wavelength that it reflects.
B.
none of these
C.
its reflectance and the proportion of light of different wavelengths that it reflects.
D.
all of these
Question #18
Which of the following is a method used by cognitive neuroscientists to turn off part of the brain while the effects on cognition and behavior are assessed?
A.
PET
B.
TMS
C.
ERP
D.
2-DG
E.
EEG
Question #19
Color vision is mediated by
A.
duplexity.
B.
rods.
C.
rhodopsin.
D.
the scotopic system.
E.
the photopic system.
Question #20
Which of the following provides the most detailed three-dimensional view of the structure of the living human brain?
A.
PET
B.
CT
C.
MRI
D.
EEG
E.
angiography
Question #21
Light passes through layers of the retina in which of the following sequences?
A.
receptor layer, bipolar cell layer, retinal ganglion cell layer
B.
retinal ganglion cell layer, horizontal cell layer, receptor layer and retinal ganglion cell layer, amacrine cell layer, receptor layer
C.
none of these
D.
receptor layer, bipolar cell layer, retinal ganglion cell layer and retinal ganglion cell layer, amacrine cell layer, receptor layer
Question #22
The process of neurotransmitter release is referred to as
A.
excitation.
B.
metabolism.
C.
exocytosis.
D.
synthesis.
E.
expulsion.
Question #23
Which of the following is a commonly used measure of the sexual receptivity of female rats?
A.
postejaculatory interval
B.
lordosis quotient
C.
mount frequency
D.
number of intromissions to ejaculation
E.
number of ejaculations to intromission
Question #24
Which technique records the BOLD signal?
A.
MEG
B.
CT
C.
MRI
D.
fMRI
E.
F.
PET
Question #25
A compelling illustration of contrast enhancement is
A.
lateral inhibition.
B.
the complementary color afterimage demonstration.
C.
the Mach band demonstration.
D.
the cocktail sausage demonstration.
E.
color constancy.
Question #26
Many buttons contain two sizes of vesicles; the larger ones typically contain
A.
small-molecule neurotransmitters.
B.
neuropeptides.
C.
acetylcholine.
D.
dopamine.
E.
glutamate.
Question #27
Prosopagnosia has been linked to damage of the
A.
frontal lobes.
B.
fusiform face area.
C.
dorsal stream.
D.
hippocampus.
Question #28
Sodium-potassium pumps maintain the resting membrane potential by transporting
A.
Na+ ions into neurons
B.
K+ ions into neurons and Na+ ions out of neurons.
C.
Na+ ions into neurons and K+ ions into neurons
D.
none of these
Question #29
The retina-geniculate-striate system is organized
A.
from top to bottom.
B.
on the basis of wavelength.
C.
from left to right.
D.
retinotopically.
E.
ipsilaterally.
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