Human Services 380 - Theories and Techniques of Counseling » Spring 2022 » Exam 2
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Question #1
Which of the following concepts relates to avoiding responsibility and blaming?
A.
Identity Struggles
B.
Existential Anxiety
C.
Bad Faith
D.
Lack of Freedom
Question #2
Which of the following is NOT a clear characteristic of an I/Thou relationship?
A.
closeness and connection
B.
active presence
C.
objectivity and professional distance
D.
being real
Question #3
According to the existential view, existential anxiety:
A.
is unavoidable and can be a stimulus for growth
B.
is a problematic and needs to be eliminated
C.
can be reduced through self-awareness and freedom
D.
decreases as we accept responsibility and make choices
Question #4
Existentially, which of the following is NOT a healthy part of a new search for meaning during therapy?
A.
evaluating and discarding old values
B.
finding meaning through engagement with what is valued
C.
going through a period of time without values
D.
beginning to introject and accept values from trusted others
Question #5
Existential therapists believe that people are:
A.
essentially the product of their environments
B.
sometimes burdened with freedom to choose
C.
healthiest when they avoid anxiety
D.
able to escape anxiety through self-awareness
Question #6
Existential therapy is:
A.
an approach focusing primarily on behavior change
B.
an approach focusing on social justice and societal change
C.
defined by a core set of techniques
D.
a philosophic approach
Question #7
Which of the following is distorted, often hidden and out of proportion with reality?
A.
Existential Anxiety
B.
Bad Faith
C.
Neurotic Anxiety
D.
Choice Fear
Question #8
A healthy identity from an existential viewpoint includes which of the following?
A.
merging and connecting with others
B.
trusting the self and searching within
C.
confidence that we are eternal and unchanging
D.
finding ways to exist in a doing mode rather than a being mode
Question #9
A shift from look at whats been happening to me towards look at what I have been doing reflects which Existential theme?
A.
Responsibility and Choice
B.
Awareness of Being
C.
Identity Development
D.
Search for Meaning
Question #10
Existentially, which of the following relates to a sense of emptiness from meaninglessness?
A.
Existential Vacuum
B.
Existential Anxiety
C.
Awareness of Nonbeing
D.
Neurotic Anxiety
Question #11
Which of the following statements BEST describes the practice of existential therapy?
A.
Therapists are known as "people who repair psyches."
B.
Therapists draw from many techniques, but share a set of key assumptions and attitudes.
C.
Assessment and diagnosis guides treatment planning and expected outcomes.
D.
Standardized application of theory and techniques leads to healing.
Question #12
According to existentialists, which of the following is part of a healthy relationship?
A.
All of these
B.
Connection to fill areas of emptiness or deprivation
C.
Being able to stand alone
D.
Neurotic dependence
Question #13
"Accurate empathic understanding" refers to the therapist's ability to:
A.
sense the inner world of the client's subjective experience.
B.
objectively gather information about the client to build understanding.
C.
accurately diagnose and label the client's central problem.
D.
be fully present with the client.
Question #14
Which of the following refers to the therapist being completely attentive to the client?
A.
unconditional positive regard
B.
openness to experience
C.
presence
D.
authenticity
Question #15
A skilled Person-Centered therapist:
A.
highlights deeper meanings in what the client has said
B.
shares knowledge to help a client learn
C.
All of these
D.
provides advice on correct behavior
Question #16
A therapist matches their inner experience with what they are showing. They are real with the client. Which of the following characteristics are they demonstrating?
A.
Congruence
B.
Self-actualization
C.
Immediacy
D.
Presence
Question #17
Which of the following concepts is defined as warm acceptance without requirements?
A.
accurate empathic understanding
B.
unconditional positive regard
C.
congruence
D.
All of these
Question #18
In person-centered therapy which of the following is emphasized?
A.
the therapist's technical skills
B.
direction and homework
C.
confrontation
D.
the relationship between the client and therapist
Question #19
According to Rogers, the three core conditions that create a growth-promoting climate are:
A.
caring, compassion, empathy.
B.
congruence, unconditional positive regard, empathic understanding.
C.
congruence, conditional acceptance, faith in a client.
D.
caring, unconditional positive regard, faith in a client
Question #20
The person-centered view of human nature includes the notion of:
A.
irrational forces
B.
healthy self-direction
C.
anxiety
D.
inferiority feelings
Question #21
Which of the following statements reflects the most humanistic philosophy?
A.
We must alone face the harsh realities of human experience such as anxiety and meaninglessness.
B.
Environmental conditions determine our personality development
C.
Anxiety is a normal human condition.
D.
We all have potential to naturally develop in positive directions.
Question #22
In the therapy video with Gloria, we saw Carl Rogers repeating back statements Gloria had made. He also make statements about emotions and attitudes she seemed to have. What was he doing?
A.
Providing motivational interviewing
B.
Providing answers to her questions about what to do with her daughter
C.
Providing active listening and reflections
D.
Encouraging her to practice social skills through training
Question #23
Being fully functioning includes having:
A.
openness to experiences.
B.
all of these
C.
an internal source of evaluation.
D.
self-acceptance.
Question #24
An innate drive within all of us towards growth and development of our potential is known as:
A.
internal congruence
B.
self-acceptance
C.
positive growth drive
D.
actualizing tendency
Question #25
Which is NOT a major focus of Gestalt therapy?
A.
the historical reasons for current problems
B.
integrating different parts of the personality
C.
the here-and-now
D.
taking responsibility for ones’ experiences
Question #26
Which of the following is designed to bring fantasies of what another person might be thinking or feeling into awareness?
A.
Exaggeration Exercise
B.
Confluence
C.
Empty Chair
D.
Figure Formation
Question #27
Which of the following consists of doing things to ourselves that we would like to do to others?
A.
Deflection
B.
Confluence
C.
Retroflection
D.
Introjection
Question #28
Gestalt-therapy techniques are designed to help the client achieve:
A.
intensified experiencing.
B.
freedom from specific behavioral symptoms.
C.
working through unconscious material from the past.
D.
rational judgments of behavior.
Question #29
A founder of Gestalt Therapy is:
A.
B.F. Skinner
B.
Victor Frankel
C.
Fritz Perls
D.
Carl Rogers
Question #30
According to Gestalt theory, which of the following involves using our senses while interacting?
A.
Introjection
B.
Contact
C.
Confrontation
D.
Deflection
Question #31
Which of the following involves the therapist inviting the client to look at incongruities?
A.
Resistance to Contact
B.
Confrontation
C.
Projection Exploration
D.
Reversal Technique
Question #32
Procedures aimed at encouraging spontaneity and inventiveness in sessions are known as:
A.
Free Contact Associations
B.
Exaggeration exercises
C.
Experiments
D.
Reversal techniques
Question #33
Which of the following best represents a "Here and Now" focus in therapy?
A.
Discussing childhood experiences to understand the why a person is currently upset
B.
A client who expresses their feelings at this moment
C.
Planning actions for immediately after the session
D.
Exploring current societal problems that impact the client's life
Question #34
A person overuses humor as a distraction from connecting with others. Which of the following may they be demonstrating?
A.
Confluence
B.
Deflection
C.
Projection
D.
Introjection
Question #35
What is the main purpose of focusing on body language in Gestalt therapy?
A.
to develop bodily relaxation
B.
all of these
C.
to explore feelings or other experiences
D.
to learn to project confidence
Question #36
Which of the following explores the ways a person may prepare to protect their social roles?
A.
Rehearsal Exercise
B.
Reversal Exercise
C.
Contact Exercise
D.
Introjection Exercise
Question #37
Which of the following is NOT typically a step in a self-management plan?
A.
Reinforcement
B.
Self-Monitoring
C.
Negative Punishment
D.
Translating goals into target behaviors
Question #38
A parent takes i-pad time away from a child for misbehavior. Which type of conditioning is this?
A.
positive reinforcement
B.
negative punishment
C.
positive punishment
D.
classical conditioning
Question #39
A child screams for candy at a store. The parent gives the candy to the child who then stops screaming. In the future the child’s screaming increases. The child has been ______ .
A.
positively reinforced
B.
classically conditioned
C.
positively punished
D.
negatively reinforced
Question #40
A person with a drug problem always bought drugs from a particular street corner and then used in that neighborhood. Later, they are attempting to stay clean, but are riding the bus by this corner and feel a strong urge to use. This urge to use at seeing the street corner could be explained by:
A.
negative punishment
B.
systematic desensitization
C.
classical conditioning
D.
positive punishment
Question #41
When a previously reinforced behavior is no longer followed by reinforcing consequences which of the following occurs?
A.
Extinction
B.
Social learning
C.
All of these
D.
Positive reinforcement
Question #42
People can develop effective social skills after seeing others model social skills. This is an example of which of the following?
A.
Systematic desensitization
B.
Social Learning
C.
Self-management
D.
In vivo exposure
Question #43
Which of the following is the BEST behavioral goal statement?
A.
I want to develop a meaningful life.
B.
I want to explore my feelings of emptiness and loneliness.
C.
I want to process my feelings and gain more awareness of why I feel what I do.
D.
I want to learn to tell others what I need in an assertive manner.
Question #44
All of the following are characteristics of behavioral approaches EXCEPT:
A.
concrete and objective goals
B.
current problems and the factors influencing them
C.
focus on exploring internal emotional states
D.
focus on environmental factors
Question #45
Which of the following is NOT ALWAYS a step in a self-management program?
A.
selection of specific goals
B.
punishment procedures
C.
self-reinforcement procedures
D.
self-monitoring
Question #46
Which of the following is the BEST behavioral goal statement?
A.
I want to learn to tell others what I need in an assertive manner.
B.
I want to focus on understanding my emotions around why I tend to overeat.
C.
I want to explore my feelings of emptiness and loneliness.
D.
I want to develop a meaningful life.
Question #47
Which of the following identifies maintaining conditions and include a plan to change antecedents or consequences?
A.
Systematic Desensitization
B.
Functional Assessment
C.
Skills training
D.
Mindfulness
Question #48
Flooding consists of:
A.
All of these
B.
exposure to anxiety-producing stimuli for a prolonged period of time.
C.
intensive exposure to relaxing stimuli.
D.
intensive avoidance of fears.
Question #49
A.
teaching the client useful information and skills
B.
assessing specific behavior problems
C.
providing reinforcement for clients
D.
all of these
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