Human Services 380 - Theories and Techniques of Counseling » Spring 2022 » Exam 2
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Question #1
Which of the following concepts relates to avoiding responsibility and blaming?
A.
Identity Struggles
B.
Bad Faith
C.
Lack of Freedom
D.
Existential Anxiety
Question #2
Which of the following is NOT a clear characteristic of an I/Thou relationship?
A.
closeness and connection
B.
objectivity and professional distance
C.
active presence
D.
being real
Question #3
According to the existential view, existential anxiety:
A.
is a problematic and needs to be eliminated
B.
decreases as we accept responsibility and make choices
C.
is unavoidable and can be a stimulus for growth
D.
can be reduced through self-awareness and freedom
Question #4
Existentially, which of the following is NOT a healthy part of a new search for meaning during therapy?
A.
going through a period of time without values
B.
beginning to introject and accept values from trusted others
C.
evaluating and discarding old values
D.
finding meaning through engagement with what is valued
Question #5
Existential therapists believe that people are:
A.
able to escape anxiety through self-awareness
B.
sometimes burdened with freedom to choose
C.
healthiest when they avoid anxiety
D.
essentially the product of their environments
Question #6
Existential therapy is:
A.
an approach focusing on social justice and societal change
B.
a philosophic approach
C.
an approach focusing primarily on behavior change
D.
defined by a core set of techniques
Question #7
Which of the following is distorted, often hidden and out of proportion with reality?
A.
Bad Faith
B.
Choice Fear
C.
Existential Anxiety
D.
Neurotic Anxiety
Question #8
A healthy identity from an existential viewpoint includes which of the following?
A.
confidence that we are eternal and unchanging
B.
trusting the self and searching within
C.
finding ways to exist in a doing mode rather than a being mode
D.
merging and connecting with others
Question #9
A shift from look at whats been happening to me towards look at what I have been doing reflects which Existential theme?
A.
Awareness of Being
B.
Responsibility and Choice
C.
Identity Development
D.
Search for Meaning
Question #10
Existentially, which of the following relates to a sense of emptiness from meaninglessness?
A.
Existential Vacuum
B.
Neurotic Anxiety
C.
Awareness of Nonbeing
D.
Existential Anxiety
Question #11
Which of the following statements BEST describes the practice of existential therapy?
A.
Assessment and diagnosis guides treatment planning and expected outcomes.
B.
Therapists are known as "people who repair psyches."
C.
Therapists draw from many techniques, but share a set of key assumptions and attitudes.
D.
Standardized application of theory and techniques leads to healing.
Question #12
According to existentialists, which of the following is part of a healthy relationship?
A.
Being able to stand alone
B.
All of these
C.
Neurotic dependence
D.
Connection to fill areas of emptiness or deprivation
Question #13
"Accurate empathic understanding" refers to the therapist's ability to:
A.
sense the inner world of the client's subjective experience.
B.
be fully present with the client.
C.
accurately diagnose and label the client's central problem.
D.
objectively gather information about the client to build understanding.
Question #14
Which of the following refers to the therapist being completely attentive to the client?
A.
openness to experience
B.
presence
C.
authenticity
D.
unconditional positive regard
Question #15
A skilled Person-Centered therapist:
A.
provides advice on correct behavior
B.
highlights deeper meanings in what the client has said
C.
shares knowledge to help a client learn
D.
All of these
Question #16
A therapist matches their inner experience with what they are showing. They are real with the client. Which of the following characteristics are they demonstrating?
A.
Self-actualization
B.
Presence
C.
Congruence
D.
Immediacy
Question #17
Which of the following concepts is defined as warm acceptance without requirements?
A.
All of these
B.
accurate empathic understanding
C.
unconditional positive regard
D.
congruence
Question #18
In person-centered therapy which of the following is emphasized?
A.
the therapist's technical skills
B.
the relationship between the client and therapist
C.
direction and homework
D.
confrontation
Question #19
According to Rogers, the three core conditions that create a growth-promoting climate are:
A.
caring, compassion, empathy.
B.
caring, unconditional positive regard, faith in a client
C.
congruence, conditional acceptance, faith in a client.
D.
congruence, unconditional positive regard, empathic understanding.
Question #20
The person-centered view of human nature includes the notion of:
A.
inferiority feelings
B.
irrational forces
C.
anxiety
D.
healthy self-direction
Question #21
Which of the following statements reflects the most humanistic philosophy?
A.
We must alone face the harsh realities of human experience such as anxiety and meaninglessness.
B.
Anxiety is a normal human condition.
C.
Environmental conditions determine our personality development
D.
We all have potential to naturally develop in positive directions.
Question #22
In the therapy video with Gloria, we saw Carl Rogers repeating back statements Gloria had made. He also make statements about emotions and attitudes she seemed to have. What was he doing?
A.
Encouraging her to practice social skills through training
B.
Providing active listening and reflections
C.
Providing motivational interviewing
D.
Providing answers to her questions about what to do with her daughter
Question #23
Being fully functioning includes having:
A.
openness to experiences.
B.
self-acceptance.
C.
all of these
D.
an internal source of evaluation.
Question #24
An innate drive within all of us towards growth and development of our potential is known as:
A.
actualizing tendency
B.
self-acceptance
C.
internal congruence
D.
positive growth drive
Question #25
Which is NOT a major focus of Gestalt therapy?
A.
the historical reasons for current problems
B.
integrating different parts of the personality
C.
taking responsibility for ones’ experiences
D.
the here-and-now
Question #26
Which of the following is designed to bring fantasies of what another person might be thinking or feeling into awareness?
A.
Exaggeration Exercise
B.
Confluence
C.
Empty Chair
D.
Figure Formation
Question #27
Which of the following consists of doing things to ourselves that we would like to do to others?
A.
Retroflection
B.
Introjection
C.
Deflection
D.
Confluence
Question #28
Gestalt-therapy techniques are designed to help the client achieve:
A.
intensified experiencing.
B.
working through unconscious material from the past.
C.
freedom from specific behavioral symptoms.
D.
rational judgments of behavior.
Question #29
A founder of Gestalt Therapy is:
A.
Fritz Perls
B.
B.F. Skinner
C.
Carl Rogers
D.
Victor Frankel
Question #30
According to Gestalt theory, which of the following involves using our senses while interacting?
A.
Contact
B.
Confrontation
C.
Deflection
D.
Introjection
Question #31
Which of the following involves the therapist inviting the client to look at incongruities?
A.
Reversal Technique
B.
Projection Exploration
C.
Resistance to Contact
D.
Confrontation
Question #32
Procedures aimed at encouraging spontaneity and inventiveness in sessions are known as:
A.
Free Contact Associations
B.
Exaggeration exercises
C.
Experiments
D.
Reversal techniques
Question #33
Which of the following best represents a "Here and Now" focus in therapy?
A.
Exploring current societal problems that impact the client's life
B.
A client who expresses their feelings at this moment
C.
Discussing childhood experiences to understand the why a person is currently upset
D.
Planning actions for immediately after the session
Question #34
A person overuses humor as a distraction from connecting with others. Which of the following may they be demonstrating?
A.
Confluence
B.
Projection
C.
Introjection
D.
Deflection
Question #35
What is the main purpose of focusing on body language in Gestalt therapy?
A.
to develop bodily relaxation
B.
all of these
C.
to explore feelings or other experiences
D.
to learn to project confidence
Question #36
Which of the following explores the ways a person may prepare to protect their social roles?
A.
Reversal Exercise
B.
Rehearsal Exercise
C.
Introjection Exercise
D.
Contact Exercise
Question #37
Which of the following is NOT typically a step in a self-management plan?
A.
Self-Monitoring
B.
Negative Punishment
C.
Translating goals into target behaviors
D.
Reinforcement
Question #38
A parent takes i-pad time away from a child for misbehavior. Which type of conditioning is this?
A.
classical conditioning
B.
negative punishment
C.
positive punishment
D.
positive reinforcement
Question #39
A child screams for candy at a store. The parent gives the candy to the child who then stops screaming. In the future the child’s screaming increases. The child has been ______ .
A.
positively punished
B.
positively reinforced
C.
classically conditioned
D.
negatively reinforced
Question #40
A person with a drug problem always bought drugs from a particular street corner and then used in that neighborhood. Later, they are attempting to stay clean, but are riding the bus by this corner and feel a strong urge to use. This urge to use at seeing the street corner could be explained by:
A.
systematic desensitization
B.
negative punishment
C.
positive punishment
D.
classical conditioning
Question #41
When a previously reinforced behavior is no longer followed by reinforcing consequences which of the following occurs?
A.
Positive reinforcement
B.
Extinction
C.
All of these
D.
Social learning
Question #42
People can develop effective social skills after seeing others model social skills. This is an example of which of the following?
A.
Social Learning
B.
In vivo exposure
C.
Self-management
D.
Systematic desensitization
Question #43
Which of the following is the BEST behavioral goal statement?
A.
I want to learn to tell others what I need in an assertive manner.
B.
I want to develop a meaningful life.
C.
I want to explore my feelings of emptiness and loneliness.
D.
I want to process my feelings and gain more awareness of why I feel what I do.
Question #44
All of the following are characteristics of behavioral approaches EXCEPT:
A.
concrete and objective goals
B.
focus on environmental factors
C.
focus on exploring internal emotional states
D.
current problems and the factors influencing them
Question #45
Which of the following is NOT ALWAYS a step in a self-management program?
A.
selection of specific goals
B.
punishment procedures
C.
self-monitoring
D.
self-reinforcement procedures
Question #46
Which of the following is the BEST behavioral goal statement?
A.
I want to develop a meaningful life.
B.
I want to explore my feelings of emptiness and loneliness.
C.
I want to learn to tell others what I need in an assertive manner.
D.
I want to focus on understanding my emotions around why I tend to overeat.
Question #47
Which of the following identifies maintaining conditions and include a plan to change antecedents or consequences?
A.
Systematic Desensitization
B.
Mindfulness
C.
Functional Assessment
D.
Skills training
Question #48
Flooding consists of:
A.
All of these
B.
intensive exposure to relaxing stimuli.
C.
exposure to anxiety-producing stimuli for a prolonged period of time.
D.
intensive avoidance of fears.
Question #49
What do behavior therapists focus on?
A.
providing reinforcement for clients
B.
all of these
C.
teaching the client useful information and skills
D.
assessing specific behavior problems
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