Human Services 380 - Theories and Techniques of Counseling » Spring 2022 » Exam 2
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Question #1
Which of the following concepts relates to avoiding responsibility and blaming?
A.
Bad Faith
B.
Identity Struggles
C.
Lack of Freedom
D.
Existential Anxiety
Question #2
Which of the following is NOT a clear characteristic of an I/Thou relationship?
A.
being real
B.
objectivity and professional distance
C.
closeness and connection
D.
active presence
Question #3
According to the existential view, existential anxiety:
A.
can be reduced through self-awareness and freedom
B.
decreases as we accept responsibility and make choices
C.
is a problematic and needs to be eliminated
D.
is unavoidable and can be a stimulus for growth
Question #4
Existentially, which of the following is NOT a healthy part of a new search for meaning during therapy?
A.
finding meaning through engagement with what is valued
B.
beginning to introject and accept values from trusted others
C.
going through a period of time without values
D.
evaluating and discarding old values
Question #5
Existential therapists believe that people are:
A.
healthiest when they avoid anxiety
B.
sometimes burdened with freedom to choose
C.
able to escape anxiety through self-awareness
D.
essentially the product of their environments
Question #6
Existential therapy is:
A.
a philosophic approach
B.
defined by a core set of techniques
C.
an approach focusing primarily on behavior change
D.
an approach focusing on social justice and societal change
Question #7
Which of the following is distorted, often hidden and out of proportion with reality?
A.
Existential Anxiety
B.
Choice Fear
C.
Bad Faith
D.
Neurotic Anxiety
Question #8
A healthy identity from an existential viewpoint includes which of the following?
A.
merging and connecting with others
B.
finding ways to exist in a doing mode rather than a being mode
C.
confidence that we are eternal and unchanging
D.
trusting the self and searching within
Question #9
A shift from look at whats been happening to me towards look at what I have been doing reflects which Existential theme?
A.
Identity Development
B.
Responsibility and Choice
C.
Awareness of Being
D.
Search for Meaning
Question #10
Existentially, which of the following relates to a sense of emptiness from meaninglessness?
A.
Existential Vacuum
B.
Existential Anxiety
C.
Awareness of Nonbeing
D.
Neurotic Anxiety
Question #11
Which of the following statements BEST describes the practice of existential therapy?
A.
Standardized application of theory and techniques leads to healing.
B.
Therapists draw from many techniques, but share a set of key assumptions and attitudes.
C.
Assessment and diagnosis guides treatment planning and expected outcomes.
D.
Therapists are known as "people who repair psyches."
Question #12
According to existentialists, which of the following is part of a healthy relationship?
A.
Being able to stand alone
B.
Neurotic dependence
C.
All of these
D.
Connection to fill areas of emptiness or deprivation
Question #13
"Accurate empathic understanding" refers to the therapist's ability to:
A.
be fully present with the client.
B.
objectively gather information about the client to build understanding.
C.
sense the inner world of the client's subjective experience.
D.
accurately diagnose and label the client's central problem.
Question #14
Which of the following refers to the therapist being completely attentive to the client?
A.
unconditional positive regard
B.
openness to experience
C.
presence
D.
authenticity
Question #15
A skilled Person-Centered therapist:
A.
All of these
B.
shares knowledge to help a client learn
C.
highlights deeper meanings in what the client has said
D.
provides advice on correct behavior
Question #16
A therapist matches their inner experience with what they are showing. They are real with the client. Which of the following characteristics are they demonstrating?
A.
Congruence
B.
Self-actualization
C.
Presence
D.
Immediacy
Question #17
Which of the following concepts is defined as warm acceptance without requirements?
A.
congruence
B.
All of these
C.
accurate empathic understanding
D.
unconditional positive regard
Question #18
In person-centered therapy which of the following is emphasized?
A.
the relationship between the client and therapist
B.
the therapist's technical skills
C.
direction and homework
D.
confrontation
Question #19
According to Rogers, the three core conditions that create a growth-promoting climate are:
A.
congruence, conditional acceptance, faith in a client.
B.
congruence, unconditional positive regard, empathic understanding.
C.
caring, unconditional positive regard, faith in a client
D.
caring, compassion, empathy.
Question #20
The person-centered view of human nature includes the notion of:
A.
inferiority feelings
B.
anxiety
C.
irrational forces
D.
healthy self-direction
Question #21
Which of the following statements reflects the most humanistic philosophy?
A.
We all have potential to naturally develop in positive directions.
B.
We must alone face the harsh realities of human experience such as anxiety and meaninglessness.
C.
Environmental conditions determine our personality development
D.
Anxiety is a normal human condition.
Question #22
In the therapy video with Gloria, we saw Carl Rogers repeating back statements Gloria had made. He also make statements about emotions and attitudes she seemed to have. What was he doing?
A.
Providing motivational interviewing
B.
Encouraging her to practice social skills through training
C.
Providing active listening and reflections
D.
Providing answers to her questions about what to do with her daughter
Question #23
Being fully functioning includes having:
A.
openness to experiences.
B.
self-acceptance.
C.
an internal source of evaluation.
D.
all of these
Question #24
An innate drive within all of us towards growth and development of our potential is known as:
A.
self-acceptance
B.
positive growth drive
C.
internal congruence
D.
actualizing tendency
Question #25
Which is NOT a major focus of Gestalt therapy?
A.
integrating different parts of the personality
B.
the historical reasons for current problems
C.
taking responsibility for ones’ experiences
D.
the here-and-now
Question #26
Which of the following is designed to bring fantasies of what another person might be thinking or feeling into awareness?
A.
Empty Chair
B.
Exaggeration Exercise
C.
Confluence
D.
Figure Formation
Question #27
Which of the following consists of doing things to ourselves that we would like to do to others?
A.
Confluence
B.
Introjection
C.
Deflection
D.
Retroflection
Question #28
Gestalt-therapy techniques are designed to help the client achieve:
A.
freedom from specific behavioral symptoms.
B.
intensified experiencing.
C.
rational judgments of behavior.
D.
working through unconscious material from the past.
Question #29
A founder of Gestalt Therapy is:
A.
Carl Rogers
B.
B.F. Skinner
C.
Victor Frankel
D.
Fritz Perls
Question #30
According to Gestalt theory, which of the following involves using our senses while interacting?
A.
Deflection
B.
Contact
C.
Introjection
D.
Confrontation
Question #31
Which of the following involves the therapist inviting the client to look at incongruities?
A.
Projection Exploration
B.
Reversal Technique
C.
Confrontation
D.
Resistance to Contact
Question #32
Procedures aimed at encouraging spontaneity and inventiveness in sessions are known as:
A.
Exaggeration exercises
B.
Free Contact Associations
C.
Reversal techniques
D.
Experiments
Question #33
Which of the following best represents a "Here and Now" focus in therapy?
A.
A client who expresses their feelings at this moment
B.
Exploring current societal problems that impact the client's life
C.
Discussing childhood experiences to understand the why a person is currently upset
D.
Planning actions for immediately after the session
Question #34
A person overuses humor as a distraction from connecting with others. Which of the following may they be demonstrating?
A.
Introjection
B.
Confluence
C.
Projection
D.
Deflection
Question #35
What is the main purpose of focusing on body language in Gestalt therapy?
A.
to develop bodily relaxation
B.
to learn to project confidence
C.
to explore feelings or other experiences
D.
all of these
Question #36
Which of the following explores the ways a person may prepare to protect their social roles?
A.
Reversal Exercise
B.
Introjection Exercise
C.
Rehearsal Exercise
D.
Contact Exercise
Question #37
Which of the following is NOT typically a step in a self-management plan?
A.
Negative Punishment
B.
Self-Monitoring
C.
Reinforcement
D.
Translating goals into target behaviors
Question #38
A parent takes i-pad time away from a child for misbehavior. Which type of conditioning is this?
A.
negative punishment
B.
positive reinforcement
C.
classical conditioning
D.
positive punishment
Question #39
A child screams for candy at a store. The parent gives the candy to the child who then stops screaming. In the future the child’s screaming increases. The child has been ______ .
A.
positively reinforced
B.
classically conditioned
C.
negatively reinforced
D.
positively punished
Question #40
A person with a drug problem always bought drugs from a particular street corner and then used in that neighborhood. Later, they are attempting to stay clean, but are riding the bus by this corner and feel a strong urge to use. This urge to use at seeing the street corner could be explained by:
A.
systematic desensitization
B.
positive punishment
C.
classical conditioning
D.
negative punishment
Question #41
When a previously reinforced behavior is no longer followed by reinforcing consequences which of the following occurs?
A.
Positive reinforcement
B.
Social learning
C.
All of these
D.
Extinction
Question #42
People can develop effective social skills after seeing others model social skills. This is an example of which of the following?
A.
In vivo exposure
B.
Systematic desensitization
C.
Self-management
D.
Social Learning
Question #43
Which of the following is the BEST behavioral goal statement?
A.
I want to explore my feelings of emptiness and loneliness.
B.
I want to process my feelings and gain more awareness of why I feel what I do.
C.
I want to develop a meaningful life.
D.
I want to learn to tell others what I need in an assertive manner.
Question #44
All of the following are characteristics of behavioral approaches EXCEPT:
A.
concrete and objective goals
B.
current problems and the factors influencing them
C.
focus on environmental factors
D.
focus on exploring internal emotional states
Question #45
Which of the following is NOT ALWAYS a step in a self-management program?
A.
self-monitoring
B.
selection of specific goals
C.
punishment procedures
D.
self-reinforcement procedures
Question #46
Which of the following is the BEST behavioral goal statement?
A.
I want to learn to tell others what I need in an assertive manner.
B.
I want to focus on understanding my emotions around why I tend to overeat.
C.
I want to develop a meaningful life.
D.
I want to explore my feelings of emptiness and loneliness.
Question #47
Which of the following identifies maintaining conditions and include a plan to change antecedents or consequences?
A.
Systematic Desensitization
B.
Skills training
C.
Mindfulness
D.
Functional Assessment
Question #48
Flooding consists of:
A.
intensive exposure to relaxing stimuli.
B.
All of these
C.
exposure to anxiety-producing stimuli for a prolonged period of time.
D.
intensive avoidance of fears.
Question #49
A.
assessing specific behavior problems
B.
providing reinforcement for clients
C.
teaching the client useful information and skills
D.
all of these
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