Biology 101 - General Biology » Spring 2022 » Module 4 Quiz 1

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Question #1
Darwin's observation of the Galápagos Islands finches' various beaks and behaviors could be explained by
A.   modification with descent.
B.   adaptations forged by natural selection.
C.   inherited traits that did not survive.
D.   adaptations to the specific foods available on their mainland.
Question #2
DDT was once considered a "silver bullet" that would permanently eradicate insect pests. Instead, today DDT is largely useless against many insects. Which of the following should have occurred for this pest eradication effort to be successful in the long run?
A.   The frequency of DDT application should have been higher.
B.   None of the individual insects should have possessed genomes that made them resistant to DDT.
C.   All habitats should have received applications of DDT at about the same time.
D.   Larger doses of DDT should have been applied.
Question #3
Which of the following must exist in a population before natural selection can act upon that population?
A.   sexual reproduction
B.   variation among individuals caused by environmental factors
C.   genetic variation among individuals
D.   All of these are correct.
Question #4
How does phylogeny differ from systematics?
A.   in classifying organisms
B.   in the hierarchy of classification
C.   in the naming of organisms
D.   in the classification of organisms by evolutionary history
Question #5
Which of the following are problematic when the goal is to construct phylogenies that accurately reflect evolutionary history?
A.   monophyletic taxa
B.   paraphyletic taxa
C.   polyphyletic and paraphyletic taxa
D.   polyphyletic taxa
Question #6
Linnaeus was a "fixist" who believed that species remained fixed in the form in which they had been created. Linnaeus would have been uncomfortable with
A.   nested, ever-more inclusive categories of organisms.
B.   the scientific discipline known as taxonomy.
C.   phylogenies.
D.   classifying organisms using the morphospecies concept.
Question #7
Some molecular data place the giant panda in the bear family (Ursidae) but place the lesser panda in the raccoon family (Procyonidae). Consequently, the morphological similarities of these two species are probably due to
A.   possession of analogous structures.
B.   inheritance of shared derived characters.
C.   sexual selection.
D.   inheritance of acquired characteristics.
Question #8
What is the founder effect?
A.   a series of chance events that change allele frequency
B.   a selection of the best-suited traits for the environment
C.   when a few individuals become isolated from a larger population, and their gene pool differs from that source population
D.   a sudden change in the environment that reduces the size of the population
Question #9
How did Mendel's model of inheritance help explain Darwin's theory of natural selection?
A.   by proposing mechanism of how organisms transmit discrete heritable units
B.   by explaining natural selection of genetic differences
C.   by leading to evolutionary change
D.   by observations of individuals differences in traits
Question #10
If the original finches that had been blown over to the Galápagos Islands from South America had already been genetically different from the parental population of South American finches, even before adapting to the Galápagos, this would have been an example of
A.   genetic drift.
B.   the bottleneck effect.
C.   genetic drift and the founder effect.
D.   the founder effect.

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