Biology 101 - General Biology » Spring 2022 » Module 4 Quiz 1

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Question #1
Darwin's observation of the Galápagos Islands finches' various beaks and behaviors could be explained by
A.   inherited traits that did not survive.
B.   modification with descent.
C.   adaptations to the specific foods available on their mainland.
D.   adaptations forged by natural selection.
Question #2
DDT was once considered a "silver bullet" that would permanently eradicate insect pests. Instead, today DDT is largely useless against many insects. Which of the following should have occurred for this pest eradication effort to be successful in the long run?
A.   The frequency of DDT application should have been higher.
B.   None of the individual insects should have possessed genomes that made them resistant to DDT.
C.   Larger doses of DDT should have been applied.
D.   All habitats should have received applications of DDT at about the same time.
Question #3
Which of the following must exist in a population before natural selection can act upon that population?
A.   genetic variation among individuals
B.   variation among individuals caused by environmental factors
C.   All of these are correct.
D.   sexual reproduction
Question #4
How does phylogeny differ from systematics?
A.   in the hierarchy of classification
B.   in the naming of organisms
C.   in the classification of organisms by evolutionary history
D.   in classifying organisms
Question #5
Which of the following are problematic when the goal is to construct phylogenies that accurately reflect evolutionary history?
A.   monophyletic taxa
B.   paraphyletic taxa
C.   polyphyletic and paraphyletic taxa
D.   polyphyletic taxa
Question #6
Linnaeus was a "fixist" who believed that species remained fixed in the form in which they had been created. Linnaeus would have been uncomfortable with
A.   the scientific discipline known as taxonomy.
B.   classifying organisms using the morphospecies concept.
C.   nested, ever-more inclusive categories of organisms.
D.   phylogenies.
Question #7
Some molecular data place the giant panda in the bear family (Ursidae) but place the lesser panda in the raccoon family (Procyonidae). Consequently, the morphological similarities of these two species are probably due to
A.   inheritance of acquired characteristics.
B.   possession of analogous structures.
C.   inheritance of shared derived characters.
D.   sexual selection.
Question #8
What is the founder effect?
A.   a sudden change in the environment that reduces the size of the population
B.   when a few individuals become isolated from a larger population, and their gene pool differs from that source population
C.   a series of chance events that change allele frequency
D.   a selection of the best-suited traits for the environment
Question #9
How did Mendel's model of inheritance help explain Darwin's theory of natural selection?
A.   by observations of individuals differences in traits
B.   by proposing mechanism of how organisms transmit discrete heritable units
C.   by leading to evolutionary change
D.   by explaining natural selection of genetic differences
Question #10
If the original finches that had been blown over to the Galápagos Islands from South America had already been genetically different from the parental population of South American finches, even before adapting to the Galápagos, this would have been an example of
A.   the founder effect.
B.   genetic drift.
C.   genetic drift and the founder effect.
D.   the bottleneck effect.

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