Psychology 321 - Psychology Research Method » Spring 2022 » Last Big Quiz
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Question #1
Which term refers to when the same finding(s) is/are produced in many different studies.
A.
Theory
B.
Replication
C.
Empirical generalization
D.
Objectivity
E.
Paradigm
Question #2
What is the term for the frequency of citations of an average article in a particular journal in a certain time period
A.
Journal tier
B.
Empirical generalization
C.
Impact factor
D.
Blind peer review
E.
Scholarship
Question #3
Which is NOT true?
A.
All are true
B.
Authorship order should be established before writing an article.
C.
Generally, the 1st author makes the most contribution
D.
Journal tier is a subjective indicator of journal ranking
E.
Blind peer review means the reviewers do not know whose works they are reviewing
Question #4
Which is not usually in the introduction of a research paper?
A.
Hypotheses of the current study
B.
Review of literature
C.
Purpose of the current study
D.
All are usually in the introduction
E.
Results of the current study
F.
Justification of the curren
Question #5
Which is not usually in the measurement section for a particular multiple item scale?
A.
Number of items in the scale
B.
Response choices of the scale
C.
Citation of the scale
D.
How the scale is computed
E.
Reliability of the scale
F.
All are usually in the measurement section of a particular scale
Question #6
Which is NOT true?
A.
Research implications refer to what future studies could do.
B.
All these are true.
C.
Implications for practice refer to how people could use the results of the study in their work.
D.
Limitations refer to potential problems in a study.
E.
Methods should include the procedures, sample description, and how variables were measured.
Question #7
Which is NOT true?
A.
An example of publishing misconduct is when author(s) publish the same results in different journals without proper approval and citation
B.
All are true
C.
An example of falsification is when researcher(s) manipulate procedures so they get the results they want, but the results are not accurately represented
D.
Fabrication refers to fabricating data/results and/or reporting fabricated dat
E.
Plagiarism refers to stealing someone’s ideas, works, and/or words and presenting them as your own
Question #8
Research where a group of people interested in finding solutions to social issues plan, act, observe, and reflect, then do it all over again.
A.
Applied research
B.
Action research
C.
Basic research
D.
Evaluation research
Question #9
This type of research generates ideas about, and insights into, a relatively little-understood issue.
A.
Exploratory research
B.
Correlational research
C.
Historical research
D.
Descriptive research
E.
Causal-comparative research
F.
Developmental research
Question #10
This type of research compares pre-existing groups on some outcome(s), such as looking at differences between genders or ethnic groups
A.
Causal-comparative research
B.
Descriptive research
C.
Exploratory research
D.
Developmental research
E.
Correlational research
Question #11
This type of ethnographic research looks at a narrowly-defined group from an insider's perspective
A.
Macro-ethnography from an etic perspective
B.
Micro-ethnography from an emic perspective
C.
Macro-ethnography from an emic perspective
D.
Micro-ethnography from an etic perspective
Question #12
Which type of design has a pretest, posttest, treatment group, and comparison group, but uses a cutoff to put subjects into groups
A.
Multiple time-series design
B.
Nonequivalent control (comparison) group design
C.
Pretest posttest nonequivalent group design
D.
Regression-discontinuity design
Question #13
Which type of design has a pretest, posttest, treatment group, and control group, and uses a random assignment to put subjects into groups
A.
Pretest posttest control group design
B.
Pretest posttest nonequivalent group design
C.
Nonequivalent control (comparison) group design
D.
Regression-discontinuity design
Question #14
Which type of design has no pretest, no comparison group, but has a treatment and posttest
A.
One-shot case study design
B.
Static group comparison design
C.
Interrupted time-series design
D.
Solomon 4-group design
Question #15
This type of design has no pretest, but it has a treatment, comparison group, and posttest
A.
One-group pretest, posttest design
B.
Interrupted time-series design
C.
One-shot case study design
D.
Static group design
Question #16
The measured variable that is changing the strength and/or direction of the relationship between two other variables is the…
A.
Dependent variable
B.
moderating variable
C.
extraneous variable
D.
mediating variable
Question #17
In general, which type of variables are the following? amount of money in pocket length of hair stress level
A.
categorical (non dichotomous) variable
B.
dichotomous variable
C.
continuous variable
Question #18
In general, which type of variables are the following? types of cars family forms state of residence
A.
continuous variables
B.
categorical (non dichotomous) variables
C.
dichotomous variables
Question #19
In general, which type of variables are the following? tall vs. short people two-legged vs. four-legged animals home-owner vs. renter
A.
dichotomous variable
B.
categorical (no dichotomous) variable
C.
continuous variable
Question #20
This type of variable might be influencing the outcome, but is not measured or controlled in the study.
A.
Independent variable
B.
Extraneous variable
C.
Control variable
D.
Mediating variable
E.
Dependent variable
Question #21
The variable that is explaining the relationship between the IV and DV
A.
moderating variable
B.
control variable
C.
mediating variable
Question #22
A statement of no difference or no relationship
A.
Alternative hypothesis
B.
Null hypothesis
C.
Research hypothesis
Question #23
Which type of interview is conducted with multiple people at the same time?
A.
Focus groups
B.
One-to-one semi-structured interview
C.
One-to-one unstructured interview
D.
One-to-one structured interview
Question #24
Which type of interview requires the least training?
A.
One-to-one semi-structured interview
B.
Focus groups
C.
One-to-one structured interview
D.
One-to-one unstructured interview
Question #25
In this type of observational study, the observer's primary role is as a participant, and his role as a researcher is known to the group.
A.
Complete observer
B.
Observer as participant
C.
Participant as observer
Question #26
Which is NOT true about sampling?
A.
In simple random sampling, each person has an equal and independent chance of being selected for the sample
B.
In stratified random sampling, the profile of the sample matches the profile of the population on some specific characteristic.
C.
In cluster random sampling, the researcher chooses a number at random (i.e., k) and then selects every kth unit.
D.
All of these are true.
E.
Multi-stage random sampling uses two or more random sampling methods together
Question #27
Which is NOT true about internal validity of the study?
A.
Mortality threat occurs when subjects die or drop out of a study.
B.
A history threat occurs when some event occurs outside the researcher’s influence that impacts the outcome.
C.
A testing threat occurs when when taking a pretest affects how the subjects do on the posttest.
D.
All of these are true.
E.
An instrumentation threat occurs when the score is due to a problem in the testing or scoring procedure
Question #28
Which is NOT true about survey design?
A.
Should avoid jargon/slang
B.
Should write items at a 12th grade reading level
C.
Should avoid abbreviations
D.
All of these are true about interviewing.
E.
Should avoid ambiguous terminology
Question #29
Which is NOT true about survey design?
A.
Avoid asking questions that are beyond respondents’ capabilities
B.
Double-barreled questions are good since they can ask about two things at once.
C.
Put people first, not their disability
D.
Double negatives are bad.
E.
All of these are true.
Question #30
Which is NOT true about survey design?
A.
Avoid asking respondents about their future intentions/behaviors because their responses are poor predictors of future behavior
B.
Leading questions are designed to get respondents to answer in a certain way
C.
False premises begin a question with a premise in which respondents may not agree
D.
Loaded questions ask about both sides of an issue (e.g., asking about pros and cons)
E.
All of these are true.
Question #31
Which is NOT true about question type on surveys?
A.
Checklists are designed to let the respondent choose one or more responses.
B.
Ranking questions ask respondents to assign an order to their preferences
C.
On a visual analogue scale, the respondents are asked to specify their agreement level to a statement by indicating a point along a continuum with two end-points
D.
All of these are true.
E.
Open-ended questions allow respondents to answer the question in their own words
Question #32
Which is NOT true about reliability?
A.
As a general rule, the alpha should be .60 or above for widely used scales
B.
The Alpha ranges from 0 to 1., and the closer it is to one, the higher the reliability estimate.
C.
The Cronbach's alpha is the most popular measure of internal consistency
D.
The reliability observed score is equal to the true score plus the error score
E.
All of these are true.
Question #33
Which is NOT true about scale validity?
A.
Convergent validity means that measures that are theoretically related should be significantly correlated
B.
Construct validity is the most rigorous validity test
C.
Face validity can be established by asking people if they think the instrument could adequately and completely assess someone’s specific attitude/belief
D.
All of these are true.
E.
As long as the scale has face validity, that is enough.
Question #34
Which is NOT true about researchers and practitioners?
A.
Researchers are more flexible and responsive to participants' needs, while practitioners desire more control in a study.
B.
All of these are true.
C.
Researchers tend to more guided by logic, evidence and numbers; while practitioners often rely on feelings, experiences and observations.
D.
Researchers often have projects that last years, while practitioners want quicker results.
E.
Researchers define success from good data and statistically significant results; while practitioners are define success as helping others.
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