Geog 001 - Physical Geography » Spring 2022 » Module 11 Chapter 13 and 14 Quiz
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Question #1
Which of the following is most closely associated with a mantle plume?
A.
The Hawaiian Islands
B.
Southern California
C.
The Florida peninsula
D.
The lower Mississippi River Valley
E.
Western Europe
Question #2
The very high temperatures in Earth's core are caused by ________.
A.
fission
B.
rotation
C.
radioactive decay
D.
fusion
E.
volcanoes
Question #3
Within the Earth is molten mineral matter called ________.
A.
magma
B.
soil
C.
extrusive material
D.
rock
E.
bedrock
Question #4
________ is an example of a native element.
A.
Calcite
B.
Iron
C.
Gold
D.
Lead
E.
Halite
Question #5
________ and nickel are thought to comprise significant portions of the Earth's inner and outer cores.
A.
Iron
B.
Titanium
C.
Basalt
D.
Quartz
E.
Aluminum
Question #6
The ________ is not a portion of the Earth's interior.
A.
magnetosphere
B.
asthenosphere
C.
outer core
D.
lithosphere
E.
Moho
Question #7
The airborne material ejected from a volcano is termed________.
A.
granite
B.
magma
C.
silica
D.
lava
E.
pyroclastic material
Question #8
Uniformitarianism was an idea first put forth by the scientist ________.
A.
Wegener
B.
Köppen
C.
Berkeley
D.
Hutton
E.
Aristotle
Question #9
Granite, diorite, gabbro, and peridotite are ________ rocks.
A.
metamorphic foliated
B.
sedimentary clastic
C.
igneous extrusive
D.
igneous intrusive
E.
sedimentary chemical and organic
Question #10
Consider the location of New York City. In terms of crustal plates, New York City is ________.
A.
not on a plate boundary
B.
on a convergent boundary
C.
on a divergent boundary
D.
on a transform boundary
E.
not on a plate
Question #11
The Earth's age is ________ billion years old.
A.
0.46
B.
0.046
C.
46
D.
460
E.
4.6
Question #12
Which of the following is the result of a continental-continental boundary convergence?
A.
Trench
B.
Island arc
C.
Mid-oceanic ridge
D.
The Alps
E.
Subduction
Question #13
The Pacific "Ring of Fire" refers to the ________.
A.
the Hawaiian Islands
B.
flood basalts
C.
Azores Island
D.
volcanoes around the Pacific Ocean
E.
subduction zones on the ocean floor
Question #14
The first comprehensive theory of continental drift was proposed by ________ in the early twentieth century.
A.
Saganss
B.
Wegener
C.
Köppen
D.
Darwin
E.
Wallace
Question #15
Which of the following is not closely associated with the large system of ridges on the ocean floors?
A.
Transform faults
B.
Upwelling of magma
C.
Island arcs
D.
Seafloor spreading
E.
Continental rift zones
Question #16
Which of the following does not fit the definition of a mineral?
A.
It must form a regular pattern of crystals.
B.
It must be found in nature.
C.
It must have the same chemical composition wherever found.
D.
It must be made up of inorganic substances.
E.
It must have economic value.
Question #17
When a craton is exposed at Earth's surface, it is called a ________.
A.
transform fault region
B.
caldera
C.
plate
D.
continental shield
E.
mid-ocean ridge
Question #18
Which of the following is not part of the Pacific Ring of Fire?
A.
Mount St. Helens, Washington
B.
Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines
C.
Hawaiian Islands
D.
Mt. Unzen, Japan
E.
Mt. Novarupta, Alaska
Question #19
Isostasy refers to the recognition that the ________ floats on the denser mantle.
A.
aluminum
B.
atmosphere
C.
crust
D.
inner core
E.
outer core
Question #20
Sedimentary deposits in the form of regular layers are known as ________.
A.
strata
B.
granite
C.
clastic inclusions
D.
detrital striations
E.
intrusive exfoliation
Question #21
The state having the greatest extent of flood basalts is ________.
A.
Arizona
B.
California
C.
Washington
D.
Arkansas
E.
Idaho
Question #22
Under most of the Earth's land surface, solid rock exists as a buried layer known as ________.
A.
soil
B.
bedrock
C.
an outcrop
D.
regolith
E.
sediments
Question #23
Presently, the North American and Eurasian plates are moving ________.
A.
away from each other
B.
nowhere
C.
toward the Equator
D.
toward each other
E.
toward the North Pole
Question #24
Foliation refers to what characteristic of rocks?
A.
Numerous joints
B.
Hollow cores
C.
Small crystals
D.
Large crystals
E.
Straight or wavy, banded lines
Question #25
A ________ plate boundary is associated with lateral slippage, conservation of existing crust, and is descriptive of the San Andreas fault system.
A.
transform
B.
convergent
C.
divergent
D.
subducting
E.
fault scarp
Question #26
The Himalayas were formed by crumpling of plate edges in a ________ zone.
A.
convergent
B.
transcurrent
C.
rift
D.
divergent
E.
basalt
Question #27
The plate boundaries which are ________ are likely to make island arcs.
A.
convergent between continental plates
B.
divergent between continental plates
C.
divergent between oceanic plates
D.
transducive boundaries between oceanic and continental plates
E.
convergent between oceanic plates
Question #28
Currently, the fastest rate of seafloor spreading is thought to be on the order of ________.
A.
1 kilometer per year
B.
10 meters per year
C.
100 meters per year
D.
10 centimeters per year
E.
0 centimeters per year (stopped)
Question #29
Fracking is most closely associated with ________.
A.
fossil fuels in sandstones
B.
natural gas
C.
an environmentally safe extraction method
D.
conventional extraction
E.
oil
Question #30
If you travel away from a mid-ocean ridge you will find ________.
A.
more and more earthquakes
B.
the seafloor is drifting opposite to your direction of motion
C.
increasingly older rocks
D.
increasingly younger rocks
E.
little evidence of paleomagnetic reversals of the poles
Question #31
With respect to minerals, which of the following is true?
A.
Mineral is a synonym for rock.
B.
All minerals have been discovered.
C.
All minerals crystals are too small to be seen.
D.
Fewer than 20 minerals make up 95% of the crust.
E.
More than 500,000 minerals exist.
Question #32
Marble is metamorphosed ________.
A.
schist
B.
gneiss
C.
limestone
D.
shale
E.
slate
Question #33
The basic classification of rock types is based on their ________.
A.
petrology
B.
origin
C.
pH
D.
crystal structure
E.
color
Question #34
An inner portion of the Earth which is rigid, dense, and solid and lies directly beneath the Moho is called the ________.
A.
crust
B.
inner core
C.
outer core
D.
magma
E.
mantle
Question #35
Uniformitarianism replaced ________ as the guiding concept for landscape development.
A.
monotheism
B.
isostasy
C.
catastrophism
D.
plate tectonics
Question #36
The Earth's interior is hot because of ________.
A.
the pull of lunar gravity
B.
friction
C.
an inner core of magma
D.
radioactive decay
E.
plate tectonics
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