Geog 001 - Physical Geography » Spring 2022 » Module 11 Chapter 13 and 14 Quiz
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Question #1
Which of the following is most closely associated with a mantle plume?
A.
Western Europe
B.
The Hawaiian Islands
C.
Southern California
D.
The lower Mississippi River Valley
E.
The Florida peninsula
Question #2
The very high temperatures in Earth's core are caused by ________.
A.
volcanoes
B.
rotation
C.
radioactive decay
D.
fission
E.
fusion
Question #3
Within the Earth is molten mineral matter called ________.
A.
bedrock
B.
magma
C.
rock
D.
extrusive material
E.
soil
Question #4
________ is an example of a native element.
A.
Calcite
B.
Lead
C.
Gold
D.
Iron
E.
Halite
Question #5
________ and nickel are thought to comprise significant portions of the Earth's inner and outer cores.
A.
Iron
B.
Quartz
C.
Titanium
D.
Aluminum
E.
Basalt
Question #6
The ________ is not a portion of the Earth's interior.
A.
lithosphere
B.
magnetosphere
C.
Moho
D.
outer core
E.
asthenosphere
Question #7
The airborne material ejected from a volcano is termed________.
A.
granite
B.
magma
C.
lava
D.
pyroclastic material
E.
silica
Question #8
Uniformitarianism was an idea first put forth by the scientist ________.
A.
Wegener
B.
Aristotle
C.
Hutton
D.
Berkeley
E.
Köppen
Question #9
Granite, diorite, gabbro, and peridotite are ________ rocks.
A.
sedimentary clastic
B.
metamorphic foliated
C.
igneous extrusive
D.
sedimentary chemical and organic
E.
igneous intrusive
Question #10
Consider the location of New York City. In terms of crustal plates, New York City is ________.
A.
not on a plate
B.
on a divergent boundary
C.
not on a plate boundary
D.
on a transform boundary
E.
on a convergent boundary
Question #11
The Earth's age is ________ billion years old.
A.
0.046
B.
46
C.
4.6
D.
0.46
E.
460
Question #12
Which of the following is the result of a continental-continental boundary convergence?
A.
Mid-oceanic ridge
B.
Island arc
C.
Trench
D.
The Alps
E.
Subduction
Question #13
The Pacific "Ring of Fire" refers to the ________.
A.
volcanoes around the Pacific Ocean
B.
the Hawaiian Islands
C.
flood basalts
D.
subduction zones on the ocean floor
E.
Azores Island
Question #14
The first comprehensive theory of continental drift was proposed by ________ in the early twentieth century.
A.
Saganss
B.
Köppen
C.
Wallace
D.
Darwin
E.
Wegener
Question #15
Which of the following is not closely associated with the large system of ridges on the ocean floors?
A.
Transform faults
B.
Island arcs
C.
Upwelling of magma
D.
Continental rift zones
E.
Seafloor spreading
Question #16
Which of the following does not fit the definition of a mineral?
A.
It must have economic value.
B.
It must form a regular pattern of crystals.
C.
It must be made up of inorganic substances.
D.
It must be found in nature.
E.
It must have the same chemical composition wherever found.
Question #17
When a craton is exposed at Earth's surface, it is called a ________.
A.
transform fault region
B.
mid-ocean ridge
C.
plate
D.
caldera
E.
continental shield
Question #18
Which of the following is not part of the Pacific Ring of Fire?
A.
Hawaiian Islands
B.
Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines
C.
Mt. Novarupta, Alaska
D.
Mount St. Helens, Washington
E.
Mt. Unzen, Japan
Question #19
Isostasy refers to the recognition that the ________ floats on the denser mantle.
A.
outer core
B.
atmosphere
C.
aluminum
D.
crust
E.
inner core
Question #20
Sedimentary deposits in the form of regular layers are known as ________.
A.
strata
B.
detrital striations
C.
granite
D.
clastic inclusions
E.
intrusive exfoliation
Question #21
The state having the greatest extent of flood basalts is ________.
A.
Arkansas
B.
Idaho
C.
Arizona
D.
Washington
E.
California
Question #22
Under most of the Earth's land surface, solid rock exists as a buried layer known as ________.
A.
regolith
B.
soil
C.
sediments
D.
an outcrop
E.
bedrock
Question #23
Presently, the North American and Eurasian plates are moving ________.
A.
toward the North Pole
B.
toward the Equator
C.
nowhere
D.
toward each other
E.
away from each other
Question #24
Foliation refers to what characteristic of rocks?
A.
Numerous joints
B.
Straight or wavy, banded lines
C.
Small crystals
D.
Hollow cores
E.
Large crystals
Question #25
A ________ plate boundary is associated with lateral slippage, conservation of existing crust, and is descriptive of the San Andreas fault system.
A.
divergent
B.
transform
C.
subducting
D.
convergent
E.
fault scarp
Question #26
The Himalayas were formed by crumpling of plate edges in a ________ zone.
A.
convergent
B.
transcurrent
C.
rift
D.
divergent
E.
basalt
Question #27
The plate boundaries which are ________ are likely to make island arcs.
A.
transducive boundaries between oceanic and continental plates
B.
convergent between oceanic plates
C.
convergent between continental plates
D.
divergent between continental plates
E.
divergent between oceanic plates
Question #28
Currently, the fastest rate of seafloor spreading is thought to be on the order of ________.
A.
0 centimeters per year (stopped)
B.
10 centimeters per year
C.
10 meters per year
D.
1 kilometer per year
E.
100 meters per year
Question #29
Fracking is most closely associated with ________.
A.
oil
B.
natural gas
C.
fossil fuels in sandstones
D.
an environmentally safe extraction method
E.
conventional extraction
Question #30
If you travel away from a mid-ocean ridge you will find ________.
A.
increasingly younger rocks
B.
increasingly older rocks
C.
little evidence of paleomagnetic reversals of the poles
D.
the seafloor is drifting opposite to your direction of motion
E.
more and more earthquakes
Question #31
With respect to minerals, which of the following is true?
A.
All minerals crystals are too small to be seen.
B.
Fewer than 20 minerals make up 95% of the crust.
C.
All minerals have been discovered.
D.
More than 500,000 minerals exist.
E.
Mineral is a synonym for rock.
Question #32
Marble is metamorphosed ________.
A.
schist
B.
gneiss
C.
slate
D.
limestone
E.
shale
Question #33
The basic classification of rock types is based on their ________.
A.
color
B.
pH
C.
origin
D.
petrology
E.
crystal structure
Question #34
An inner portion of the Earth which is rigid, dense, and solid and lies directly beneath the Moho is called the ________.
A.
outer core
B.
inner core
C.
mantle
D.
crust
E.
magma
Question #35
Uniformitarianism replaced ________ as the guiding concept for landscape development.
A.
monotheism
B.
catastrophism
C.
plate tectonics
D.
isostasy
Question #36
The Earth's interior is hot because of ________.
A.
the pull of lunar gravity
B.
friction
C.
radioactive decay
D.
an inner core of magma
E.
plate tectonics
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