Geog 001 - Physical Geography » Spring 2022 » Module 11 Chapter 13 and 14 Quiz
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Question #1
Which of the following is most closely associated with a mantle plume?
A.
The lower Mississippi River Valley
B.
The Florida peninsula
C.
Western Europe
D.
The Hawaiian Islands
E.
Southern California
Question #2
The very high temperatures in Earth's core are caused by ________.
A.
volcanoes
B.
fission
C.
rotation
D.
radioactive decay
E.
fusion
Question #3
Within the Earth is molten mineral matter called ________.
A.
extrusive material
B.
magma
C.
bedrock
D.
rock
E.
soil
Question #4
________ is an example of a native element.
A.
Lead
B.
Iron
C.
Calcite
D.
Halite
E.
Gold
Question #5
________ and nickel are thought to comprise significant portions of the Earth's inner and outer cores.
A.
Aluminum
B.
Titanium
C.
Basalt
D.
Iron
E.
Quartz
Question #6
The ________ is not a portion of the Earth's interior.
A.
lithosphere
B.
asthenosphere
C.
Moho
D.
outer core
E.
magnetosphere
Question #7
The airborne material ejected from a volcano is termed________.
A.
granite
B.
magma
C.
lava
D.
silica
E.
pyroclastic material
Question #8
Uniformitarianism was an idea first put forth by the scientist ________.
A.
Hutton
B.
Wegener
C.
Köppen
D.
Berkeley
E.
Aristotle
Question #9
Granite, diorite, gabbro, and peridotite are ________ rocks.
A.
metamorphic foliated
B.
sedimentary clastic
C.
igneous intrusive
D.
igneous extrusive
E.
sedimentary chemical and organic
Question #10
Consider the location of New York City. In terms of crustal plates, New York City is ________.
A.
on a convergent boundary
B.
not on a plate boundary
C.
on a divergent boundary
D.
on a transform boundary
E.
not on a plate
Question #11
The Earth's age is ________ billion years old.
A.
4.6
B.
0.046
C.
460
D.
0.46
E.
46
Question #12
Which of the following is the result of a continental-continental boundary convergence?
A.
The Alps
B.
Mid-oceanic ridge
C.
Subduction
D.
Trench
E.
Island arc
Question #13
The Pacific "Ring of Fire" refers to the ________.
A.
volcanoes around the Pacific Ocean
B.
flood basalts
C.
Azores Island
D.
subduction zones on the ocean floor
E.
the Hawaiian Islands
Question #14
The first comprehensive theory of continental drift was proposed by ________ in the early twentieth century.
A.
Wegener
B.
Wallace
C.
Köppen
D.
Darwin
E.
Saganss
Question #15
Which of the following is not closely associated with the large system of ridges on the ocean floors?
A.
Transform faults
B.
Continental rift zones
C.
Seafloor spreading
D.
Island arcs
E.
Upwelling of magma
Question #16
Which of the following does not fit the definition of a mineral?
A.
It must be made up of inorganic substances.
B.
It must have the same chemical composition wherever found.
C.
It must form a regular pattern of crystals.
D.
It must have economic value.
E.
It must be found in nature.
Question #17
When a craton is exposed at Earth's surface, it is called a ________.
A.
mid-ocean ridge
B.
continental shield
C.
caldera
D.
transform fault region
E.
plate
Question #18
Which of the following is not part of the Pacific Ring of Fire?
A.
Mt. Novarupta, Alaska
B.
Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines
C.
Mt. Unzen, Japan
D.
Hawaiian Islands
E.
Mount St. Helens, Washington
Question #19
Isostasy refers to the recognition that the ________ floats on the denser mantle.
A.
crust
B.
outer core
C.
aluminum
D.
atmosphere
E.
inner core
Question #20
Sedimentary deposits in the form of regular layers are known as ________.
A.
granite
B.
clastic inclusions
C.
intrusive exfoliation
D.
strata
E.
detrital striations
Question #21
The state having the greatest extent of flood basalts is ________.
A.
Washington
B.
Arkansas
C.
Arizona
D.
California
E.
Idaho
Question #22
Under most of the Earth's land surface, solid rock exists as a buried layer known as ________.
A.
bedrock
B.
an outcrop
C.
soil
D.
sediments
E.
regolith
Question #23
Presently, the North American and Eurasian plates are moving ________.
A.
nowhere
B.
toward the Equator
C.
away from each other
D.
toward each other
E.
toward the North Pole
Question #24
Foliation refers to what characteristic of rocks?
A.
Numerous joints
B.
Hollow cores
C.
Straight or wavy, banded lines
D.
Small crystals
E.
Large crystals
Question #25
A ________ plate boundary is associated with lateral slippage, conservation of existing crust, and is descriptive of the San Andreas fault system.
A.
transform
B.
divergent
C.
fault scarp
D.
subducting
E.
convergent
Question #26
The Himalayas were formed by crumpling of plate edges in a ________ zone.
A.
transcurrent
B.
convergent
C.
divergent
D.
basalt
E.
rift
Question #27
The plate boundaries which are ________ are likely to make island arcs.
A.
convergent between oceanic plates
B.
divergent between continental plates
C.
transducive boundaries between oceanic and continental plates
D.
convergent between continental plates
E.
divergent between oceanic plates
Question #28
Currently, the fastest rate of seafloor spreading is thought to be on the order of ________.
A.
10 centimeters per year
B.
10 meters per year
C.
0 centimeters per year (stopped)
D.
1 kilometer per year
E.
100 meters per year
Question #29
Fracking is most closely associated with ________.
A.
natural gas
B.
oil
C.
conventional extraction
D.
an environmentally safe extraction method
E.
fossil fuels in sandstones
Question #30
If you travel away from a mid-ocean ridge you will find ________.
A.
increasingly younger rocks
B.
little evidence of paleomagnetic reversals of the poles
C.
more and more earthquakes
D.
the seafloor is drifting opposite to your direction of motion
E.
increasingly older rocks
Question #31
With respect to minerals, which of the following is true?
A.
Fewer than 20 minerals make up 95% of the crust.
B.
All minerals have been discovered.
C.
All minerals crystals are too small to be seen.
D.
More than 500,000 minerals exist.
E.
Mineral is a synonym for rock.
Question #32
Marble is metamorphosed ________.
A.
gneiss
B.
limestone
C.
schist
D.
shale
E.
slate
Question #33
The basic classification of rock types is based on their ________.
A.
color
B.
origin
C.
crystal structure
D.
pH
E.
petrology
Question #34
An inner portion of the Earth which is rigid, dense, and solid and lies directly beneath the Moho is called the ________.
A.
mantle
B.
outer core
C.
inner core
D.
magma
E.
crust
Question #35
Uniformitarianism replaced ________ as the guiding concept for landscape development.
A.
isostasy
B.
catastrophism
C.
monotheism
D.
plate tectonics
Question #36
The Earth's interior is hot because of ________.
A.
the pull of lunar gravity
B.
friction
C.
an inner core of magma
D.
radioactive decay
E.
plate tectonics
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