Geog 001 - Physical Geography » Spring 2022 » Module 11 Chapter 13 and 14 Quiz
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Question #1
Which of the following is most closely associated with a mantle plume?
A.
The Florida peninsula
B.
Western Europe
C.
The lower Mississippi River Valley
D.
Southern California
E.
The Hawaiian Islands
Question #2
The very high temperatures in Earth's core are caused by ________.
A.
fission
B.
volcanoes
C.
rotation
D.
radioactive decay
E.
fusion
Question #3
Within the Earth is molten mineral matter called ________.
A.
soil
B.
rock
C.
extrusive material
D.
magma
E.
bedrock
Question #4
________ is an example of a native element.
A.
Gold
B.
Lead
C.
Halite
D.
Calcite
E.
Iron
Question #5
________ and nickel are thought to comprise significant portions of the Earth's inner and outer cores.
A.
Aluminum
B.
Titanium
C.
Quartz
D.
Basalt
E.
Iron
Question #6
The ________ is not a portion of the Earth's interior.
A.
asthenosphere
B.
lithosphere
C.
magnetosphere
D.
Moho
E.
outer core
Question #7
The airborne material ejected from a volcano is termed________.
A.
lava
B.
pyroclastic material
C.
silica
D.
granite
E.
magma
Question #8
Uniformitarianism was an idea first put forth by the scientist ________.
A.
Köppen
B.
Hutton
C.
Wegener
D.
Berkeley
E.
Aristotle
Question #9
Granite, diorite, gabbro, and peridotite are ________ rocks.
A.
sedimentary clastic
B.
igneous intrusive
C.
igneous extrusive
D.
sedimentary chemical and organic
E.
metamorphic foliated
Question #10
Consider the location of New York City. In terms of crustal plates, New York City is ________.
A.
on a convergent boundary
B.
not on a plate boundary
C.
not on a plate
D.
on a divergent boundary
E.
on a transform boundary
Question #11
The Earth's age is ________ billion years old.
A.
0.46
B.
0.046
C.
460
D.
4.6
E.
46
Question #12
Which of the following is the result of a continental-continental boundary convergence?
A.
Island arc
B.
Trench
C.
Subduction
D.
Mid-oceanic ridge
E.
The Alps
Question #13
The Pacific "Ring of Fire" refers to the ________.
A.
volcanoes around the Pacific Ocean
B.
subduction zones on the ocean floor
C.
the Hawaiian Islands
D.
Azores Island
E.
flood basalts
Question #14
The first comprehensive theory of continental drift was proposed by ________ in the early twentieth century.
A.
Köppen
B.
Saganss
C.
Wallace
D.
Wegener
E.
Darwin
Question #15
Which of the following is not closely associated with the large system of ridges on the ocean floors?
A.
Transform faults
B.
Upwelling of magma
C.
Island arcs
D.
Continental rift zones
E.
Seafloor spreading
Question #16
Which of the following does not fit the definition of a mineral?
A.
It must have the same chemical composition wherever found.
B.
It must be made up of inorganic substances.
C.
It must be found in nature.
D.
It must form a regular pattern of crystals.
E.
It must have economic value.
Question #17
When a craton is exposed at Earth's surface, it is called a ________.
A.
transform fault region
B.
plate
C.
mid-ocean ridge
D.
continental shield
E.
caldera
Question #18
Which of the following is not part of the Pacific Ring of Fire?
A.
Hawaiian Islands
B.
Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines
C.
Mt. Unzen, Japan
D.
Mt. Novarupta, Alaska
E.
Mount St. Helens, Washington
Question #19
Isostasy refers to the recognition that the ________ floats on the denser mantle.
A.
crust
B.
inner core
C.
atmosphere
D.
aluminum
E.
outer core
Question #20
Sedimentary deposits in the form of regular layers are known as ________.
A.
granite
B.
detrital striations
C.
clastic inclusions
D.
intrusive exfoliation
E.
strata
Question #21
The state having the greatest extent of flood basalts is ________.
A.
Arkansas
B.
Arizona
C.
Washington
D.
California
E.
Idaho
Question #22
Under most of the Earth's land surface, solid rock exists as a buried layer known as ________.
A.
sediments
B.
bedrock
C.
an outcrop
D.
soil
E.
regolith
Question #23
Presently, the North American and Eurasian plates are moving ________.
A.
toward each other
B.
away from each other
C.
nowhere
D.
toward the North Pole
E.
toward the Equator
Question #24
Foliation refers to what characteristic of rocks?
A.
Small crystals
B.
Numerous joints
C.
Hollow cores
D.
Large crystals
E.
Straight or wavy, banded lines
Question #25
A ________ plate boundary is associated with lateral slippage, conservation of existing crust, and is descriptive of the San Andreas fault system.
A.
convergent
B.
subducting
C.
divergent
D.
transform
E.
fault scarp
Question #26
The Himalayas were formed by crumpling of plate edges in a ________ zone.
A.
basalt
B.
divergent
C.
convergent
D.
rift
E.
transcurrent
Question #27
The plate boundaries which are ________ are likely to make island arcs.
A.
convergent between continental plates
B.
transducive boundaries between oceanic and continental plates
C.
divergent between oceanic plates
D.
convergent between oceanic plates
E.
divergent between continental plates
Question #28
Currently, the fastest rate of seafloor spreading is thought to be on the order of ________.
A.
1 kilometer per year
B.
10 meters per year
C.
100 meters per year
D.
10 centimeters per year
E.
0 centimeters per year (stopped)
Question #29
Fracking is most closely associated with ________.
A.
conventional extraction
B.
natural gas
C.
an environmentally safe extraction method
D.
fossil fuels in sandstones
E.
oil
Question #30
If you travel away from a mid-ocean ridge you will find ________.
A.
little evidence of paleomagnetic reversals of the poles
B.
increasingly older rocks
C.
more and more earthquakes
D.
the seafloor is drifting opposite to your direction of motion
E.
increasingly younger rocks
Question #31
With respect to minerals, which of the following is true?
A.
All minerals have been discovered.
B.
All minerals crystals are too small to be seen.
C.
More than 500,000 minerals exist.
D.
Fewer than 20 minerals make up 95% of the crust.
E.
Mineral is a synonym for rock.
Question #32
Marble is metamorphosed ________.
A.
gneiss
B.
schist
C.
limestone
D.
slate
E.
shale
Question #33
The basic classification of rock types is based on their ________.
A.
color
B.
pH
C.
crystal structure
D.
petrology
E.
origin
Question #34
An inner portion of the Earth which is rigid, dense, and solid and lies directly beneath the Moho is called the ________.
A.
magma
B.
outer core
C.
mantle
D.
inner core
E.
crust
Question #35
Uniformitarianism replaced ________ as the guiding concept for landscape development.
A.
monotheism
B.
catastrophism
C.
plate tectonics
D.
isostasy
Question #36
The Earth's interior is hot because of ________.
A.
friction
B.
plate tectonics
C.
the pull of lunar gravity
D.
an inner core of magma
E.
radioactive decay
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