Geog 001 - Physical Geography » Spring 2022 » Module 11 Chapter 13 and 14 Quiz
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Question #1
Which of the following is most closely associated with a mantle plume?
A.
The lower Mississippi River Valley
B.
The Florida peninsula
C.
Southern California
D.
The Hawaiian Islands
E.
Western Europe
Question #2
The very high temperatures in Earth's core are caused by ________.
A.
fusion
B.
radioactive decay
C.
volcanoes
D.
rotation
E.
fission
Question #3
Within the Earth is molten mineral matter called ________.
A.
rock
B.
soil
C.
bedrock
D.
extrusive material
E.
magma
Question #4
________ is an example of a native element.
A.
Iron
B.
Calcite
C.
Halite
D.
Lead
E.
Gold
Question #5
________ and nickel are thought to comprise significant portions of the Earth's inner and outer cores.
A.
Basalt
B.
Quartz
C.
Iron
D.
Aluminum
E.
Titanium
Question #6
The ________ is not a portion of the Earth's interior.
A.
asthenosphere
B.
outer core
C.
lithosphere
D.
magnetosphere
E.
Moho
Question #7
The airborne material ejected from a volcano is termed________.
A.
silica
B.
granite
C.
magma
D.
pyroclastic material
E.
lava
Question #8
Uniformitarianism was an idea first put forth by the scientist ________.
A.
Berkeley
B.
Köppen
C.
Aristotle
D.
Hutton
E.
Wegener
Question #9
Granite, diorite, gabbro, and peridotite are ________ rocks.
A.
igneous extrusive
B.
metamorphic foliated
C.
sedimentary clastic
D.
igneous intrusive
E.
sedimentary chemical and organic
Question #10
Consider the location of New York City. In terms of crustal plates, New York City is ________.
A.
on a transform boundary
B.
not on a plate boundary
C.
on a convergent boundary
D.
on a divergent boundary
E.
not on a plate
Question #11
The Earth's age is ________ billion years old.
A.
460
B.
0.46
C.
4.6
D.
0.046
E.
46
Question #12
Which of the following is the result of a continental-continental boundary convergence?
A.
Island arc
B.
Mid-oceanic ridge
C.
The Alps
D.
Trench
E.
Subduction
Question #13
The Pacific "Ring of Fire" refers to the ________.
A.
the Hawaiian Islands
B.
volcanoes around the Pacific Ocean
C.
subduction zones on the ocean floor
D.
Azores Island
E.
flood basalts
Question #14
The first comprehensive theory of continental drift was proposed by ________ in the early twentieth century.
A.
Wallace
B.
Darwin
C.
Saganss
D.
Köppen
E.
Wegener
Question #15
Which of the following is not closely associated with the large system of ridges on the ocean floors?
A.
Seafloor spreading
B.
Continental rift zones
C.
Transform faults
D.
Upwelling of magma
E.
Island arcs
Question #16
Which of the following does not fit the definition of a mineral?
A.
It must be found in nature.
B.
It must form a regular pattern of crystals.
C.
It must have economic value.
D.
It must be made up of inorganic substances.
E.
It must have the same chemical composition wherever found.
Question #17
When a craton is exposed at Earth's surface, it is called a ________.
A.
continental shield
B.
mid-ocean ridge
C.
transform fault region
D.
plate
E.
caldera
Question #18
Which of the following is not part of the Pacific Ring of Fire?
A.
Mt. Unzen, Japan
B.
Hawaiian Islands
C.
Mount St. Helens, Washington
D.
Mt. Novarupta, Alaska
E.
Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines
Question #19
Isostasy refers to the recognition that the ________ floats on the denser mantle.
A.
outer core
B.
atmosphere
C.
crust
D.
inner core
E.
aluminum
Question #20
Sedimentary deposits in the form of regular layers are known as ________.
A.
granite
B.
strata
C.
clastic inclusions
D.
intrusive exfoliation
E.
detrital striations
Question #21
The state having the greatest extent of flood basalts is ________.
A.
Arizona
B.
Idaho
C.
Arkansas
D.
California
E.
Washington
Question #22
Under most of the Earth's land surface, solid rock exists as a buried layer known as ________.
A.
bedrock
B.
an outcrop
C.
regolith
D.
sediments
E.
soil
Question #23
Presently, the North American and Eurasian plates are moving ________.
A.
toward each other
B.
toward the North Pole
C.
toward the Equator
D.
away from each other
E.
nowhere
Question #24
Foliation refers to what characteristic of rocks?
A.
Hollow cores
B.
Large crystals
C.
Numerous joints
D.
Straight or wavy, banded lines
E.
Small crystals
Question #25
A ________ plate boundary is associated with lateral slippage, conservation of existing crust, and is descriptive of the San Andreas fault system.
A.
fault scarp
B.
subducting
C.
convergent
D.
transform
E.
divergent
Question #26
The Himalayas were formed by crumpling of plate edges in a ________ zone.
A.
basalt
B.
convergent
C.
rift
D.
divergent
E.
transcurrent
Question #27
The plate boundaries which are ________ are likely to make island arcs.
A.
convergent between continental plates
B.
divergent between continental plates
C.
transducive boundaries between oceanic and continental plates
D.
divergent between oceanic plates
E.
convergent between oceanic plates
Question #28
Currently, the fastest rate of seafloor spreading is thought to be on the order of ________.
A.
0 centimeters per year (stopped)
B.
10 meters per year
C.
1 kilometer per year
D.
10 centimeters per year
E.
100 meters per year
Question #29
Fracking is most closely associated with ________.
A.
natural gas
B.
an environmentally safe extraction method
C.
conventional extraction
D.
oil
E.
fossil fuels in sandstones
Question #30
If you travel away from a mid-ocean ridge you will find ________.
A.
more and more earthquakes
B.
increasingly older rocks
C.
the seafloor is drifting opposite to your direction of motion
D.
increasingly younger rocks
E.
little evidence of paleomagnetic reversals of the poles
Question #31
With respect to minerals, which of the following is true?
A.
All minerals crystals are too small to be seen.
B.
Mineral is a synonym for rock.
C.
Fewer than 20 minerals make up 95% of the crust.
D.
All minerals have been discovered.
E.
More than 500,000 minerals exist.
Question #32
Marble is metamorphosed ________.
A.
schist
B.
gneiss
C.
slate
D.
shale
E.
limestone
Question #33
The basic classification of rock types is based on their ________.
A.
crystal structure
B.
color
C.
origin
D.
pH
E.
petrology
Question #34
An inner portion of the Earth which is rigid, dense, and solid and lies directly beneath the Moho is called the ________.
A.
mantle
B.
crust
C.
inner core
D.
outer core
E.
magma
Question #35
Uniformitarianism replaced ________ as the guiding concept for landscape development.
A.
monotheism
B.
plate tectonics
C.
catastrophism
D.
isostasy
Question #36
The Earth's interior is hot because of ________.
A.
plate tectonics
B.
the pull of lunar gravity
C.
radioactive decay
D.
friction
E.
an inner core of magma
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