Geog 001 - Physical Geography » Spring 2022 » Module 11 Chapter 13 and 14 Quiz
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Question #1
Which of the following is most closely associated with a mantle plume?
A.
The Florida peninsula
B.
Southern California
C.
Western Europe
D.
The lower Mississippi River Valley
E.
The Hawaiian Islands
Question #2
The very high temperatures in Earth's core are caused by ________.
A.
radioactive decay
B.
fusion
C.
rotation
D.
fission
E.
volcanoes
Question #3
Within the Earth is molten mineral matter called ________.
A.
soil
B.
bedrock
C.
rock
D.
extrusive material
E.
magma
Question #4
________ is an example of a native element.
A.
Calcite
B.
Iron
C.
Lead
D.
Gold
E.
Halite
Question #5
________ and nickel are thought to comprise significant portions of the Earth's inner and outer cores.
A.
Aluminum
B.
Quartz
C.
Titanium
D.
Iron
E.
Basalt
Question #6
The ________ is not a portion of the Earth's interior.
A.
asthenosphere
B.
Moho
C.
magnetosphere
D.
outer core
E.
lithosphere
Question #7
The airborne material ejected from a volcano is termed________.
A.
magma
B.
granite
C.
pyroclastic material
D.
lava
E.
silica
Question #8
Uniformitarianism was an idea first put forth by the scientist ________.
A.
Aristotle
B.
Köppen
C.
Berkeley
D.
Wegener
E.
Hutton
Question #9
Granite, diorite, gabbro, and peridotite are ________ rocks.
A.
sedimentary chemical and organic
B.
igneous intrusive
C.
sedimentary clastic
D.
igneous extrusive
E.
metamorphic foliated
Question #10
Consider the location of New York City. In terms of crustal plates, New York City is ________.
A.
not on a plate boundary
B.
on a convergent boundary
C.
not on a plate
D.
on a transform boundary
E.
on a divergent boundary
Question #11
The Earth's age is ________ billion years old.
A.
0.46
B.
46
C.
460
D.
0.046
E.
4.6
Question #12
Which of the following is the result of a continental-continental boundary convergence?
A.
Island arc
B.
The Alps
C.
Mid-oceanic ridge
D.
Subduction
E.
Trench
Question #13
The Pacific "Ring of Fire" refers to the ________.
A.
Azores Island
B.
subduction zones on the ocean floor
C.
flood basalts
D.
volcanoes around the Pacific Ocean
E.
the Hawaiian Islands
Question #14
The first comprehensive theory of continental drift was proposed by ________ in the early twentieth century.
A.
Wallace
B.
Köppen
C.
Wegener
D.
Saganss
E.
Darwin
Question #15
Which of the following is not closely associated with the large system of ridges on the ocean floors?
A.
Seafloor spreading
B.
Island arcs
C.
Continental rift zones
D.
Upwelling of magma
E.
Transform faults
Question #16
Which of the following does not fit the definition of a mineral?
A.
It must be found in nature.
B.
It must form a regular pattern of crystals.
C.
It must be made up of inorganic substances.
D.
It must have economic value.
E.
It must have the same chemical composition wherever found.
Question #17
When a craton is exposed at Earth's surface, it is called a ________.
A.
continental shield
B.
transform fault region
C.
plate
D.
mid-ocean ridge
E.
caldera
Question #18
Which of the following is not part of the Pacific Ring of Fire?
A.
Mount St. Helens, Washington
B.
Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines
C.
Mt. Unzen, Japan
D.
Hawaiian Islands
E.
Mt. Novarupta, Alaska
Question #19
Isostasy refers to the recognition that the ________ floats on the denser mantle.
A.
aluminum
B.
crust
C.
outer core
D.
inner core
E.
atmosphere
Question #20
Sedimentary deposits in the form of regular layers are known as ________.
A.
strata
B.
intrusive exfoliation
C.
clastic inclusions
D.
detrital striations
E.
granite
Question #21
The state having the greatest extent of flood basalts is ________.
A.
Washington
B.
California
C.
Idaho
D.
Arizona
E.
Arkansas
Question #22
Under most of the Earth's land surface, solid rock exists as a buried layer known as ________.
A.
soil
B.
regolith
C.
bedrock
D.
an outcrop
E.
sediments
Question #23
Presently, the North American and Eurasian plates are moving ________.
A.
toward each other
B.
toward the Equator
C.
nowhere
D.
away from each other
E.
toward the North Pole
Question #24
Foliation refers to what characteristic of rocks?
A.
Large crystals
B.
Hollow cores
C.
Straight or wavy, banded lines
D.
Numerous joints
E.
Small crystals
Question #25
A ________ plate boundary is associated with lateral slippage, conservation of existing crust, and is descriptive of the San Andreas fault system.
A.
divergent
B.
transform
C.
convergent
D.
fault scarp
E.
subducting
Question #26
The Himalayas were formed by crumpling of plate edges in a ________ zone.
A.
rift
B.
convergent
C.
transcurrent
D.
divergent
E.
basalt
Question #27
The plate boundaries which are ________ are likely to make island arcs.
A.
convergent between oceanic plates
B.
convergent between continental plates
C.
divergent between continental plates
D.
transducive boundaries between oceanic and continental plates
E.
divergent between oceanic plates
Question #28
Currently, the fastest rate of seafloor spreading is thought to be on the order of ________.
A.
10 meters per year
B.
100 meters per year
C.
1 kilometer per year
D.
10 centimeters per year
E.
0 centimeters per year (stopped)
Question #29
Fracking is most closely associated with ________.
A.
conventional extraction
B.
fossil fuels in sandstones
C.
oil
D.
natural gas
E.
an environmentally safe extraction method
Question #30
If you travel away from a mid-ocean ridge you will find ________.
A.
increasingly older rocks
B.
the seafloor is drifting opposite to your direction of motion
C.
increasingly younger rocks
D.
little evidence of paleomagnetic reversals of the poles
E.
more and more earthquakes
Question #31
With respect to minerals, which of the following is true?
A.
Mineral is a synonym for rock.
B.
Fewer than 20 minerals make up 95% of the crust.
C.
More than 500,000 minerals exist.
D.
All minerals have been discovered.
E.
All minerals crystals are too small to be seen.
Question #32
Marble is metamorphosed ________.
A.
slate
B.
schist
C.
limestone
D.
shale
E.
gneiss
Question #33
The basic classification of rock types is based on their ________.
A.
origin
B.
petrology
C.
pH
D.
crystal structure
E.
color
Question #34
An inner portion of the Earth which is rigid, dense, and solid and lies directly beneath the Moho is called the ________.
A.
outer core
B.
mantle
C.
crust
D.
magma
E.
inner core
Question #35
Uniformitarianism replaced ________ as the guiding concept for landscape development.
A.
monotheism
B.
isostasy
C.
catastrophism
D.
plate tectonics
Question #36
The Earth's interior is hot because of ________.
A.
radioactive decay
B.
an inner core of magma
C.
the pull of lunar gravity
D.
plate tectonics
E.
friction
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