Geog 001 - Physical Geography » Spring 2022 » Module 11 Chapter 13 and 14 Quiz
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Question #1
Which of the following is most closely associated with a mantle plume?
A.
Western Europe
B.
The Hawaiian Islands
C.
Southern California
D.
The Florida peninsula
E.
The lower Mississippi River Valley
Question #2
The very high temperatures in Earth's core are caused by ________.
A.
fission
B.
fusion
C.
rotation
D.
radioactive decay
E.
volcanoes
Question #3
Within the Earth is molten mineral matter called ________.
A.
magma
B.
bedrock
C.
soil
D.
extrusive material
E.
rock
Question #4
________ is an example of a native element.
A.
Iron
B.
Lead
C.
Gold
D.
Halite
E.
Calcite
Question #5
________ and nickel are thought to comprise significant portions of the Earth's inner and outer cores.
A.
Titanium
B.
Basalt
C.
Quartz
D.
Iron
E.
Aluminum
Question #6
The ________ is not a portion of the Earth's interior.
A.
Moho
B.
asthenosphere
C.
outer core
D.
magnetosphere
E.
lithosphere
Question #7
The airborne material ejected from a volcano is termed________.
A.
silica
B.
lava
C.
granite
D.
magma
E.
pyroclastic material
Question #8
Uniformitarianism was an idea first put forth by the scientist ________.
A.
Aristotle
B.
Hutton
C.
Wegener
D.
Köppen
E.
Berkeley
Question #9
Granite, diorite, gabbro, and peridotite are ________ rocks.
A.
sedimentary clastic
B.
sedimentary chemical and organic
C.
metamorphic foliated
D.
igneous extrusive
E.
igneous intrusive
Question #10
Consider the location of New York City. In terms of crustal plates, New York City is ________.
A.
on a divergent boundary
B.
on a transform boundary
C.
not on a plate boundary
D.
not on a plate
E.
on a convergent boundary
Question #11
The Earth's age is ________ billion years old.
A.
46
B.
0.046
C.
460
D.
0.46
E.
4.6
Question #12
Which of the following is the result of a continental-continental boundary convergence?
A.
Island arc
B.
Mid-oceanic ridge
C.
The Alps
D.
Subduction
E.
Trench
Question #13
The Pacific "Ring of Fire" refers to the ________.
A.
volcanoes around the Pacific Ocean
B.
flood basalts
C.
subduction zones on the ocean floor
D.
Azores Island
E.
the Hawaiian Islands
Question #14
The first comprehensive theory of continental drift was proposed by ________ in the early twentieth century.
A.
Darwin
B.
Wegener
C.
Köppen
D.
Wallace
E.
Saganss
Question #15
Which of the following is not closely associated with the large system of ridges on the ocean floors?
A.
Transform faults
B.
Continental rift zones
C.
Seafloor spreading
D.
Upwelling of magma
E.
Island arcs
Question #16
Which of the following does not fit the definition of a mineral?
A.
It must have the same chemical composition wherever found.
B.
It must have economic value.
C.
It must be made up of inorganic substances.
D.
It must form a regular pattern of crystals.
E.
It must be found in nature.
Question #17
When a craton is exposed at Earth's surface, it is called a ________.
A.
plate
B.
mid-ocean ridge
C.
transform fault region
D.
caldera
E.
continental shield
Question #18
Which of the following is not part of the Pacific Ring of Fire?
A.
Mt. Novarupta, Alaska
B.
Mt. Unzen, Japan
C.
Mount St. Helens, Washington
D.
Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines
E.
Hawaiian Islands
Question #19
Isostasy refers to the recognition that the ________ floats on the denser mantle.
A.
crust
B.
outer core
C.
aluminum
D.
inner core
E.
atmosphere
Question #20
Sedimentary deposits in the form of regular layers are known as ________.
A.
clastic inclusions
B.
granite
C.
strata
D.
detrital striations
E.
intrusive exfoliation
Question #21
The state having the greatest extent of flood basalts is ________.
A.
Arizona
B.
Washington
C.
Idaho
D.
Arkansas
E.
California
Question #22
Under most of the Earth's land surface, solid rock exists as a buried layer known as ________.
A.
bedrock
B.
regolith
C.
sediments
D.
soil
E.
an outcrop
Question #23
Presently, the North American and Eurasian plates are moving ________.
A.
nowhere
B.
away from each other
C.
toward each other
D.
toward the Equator
E.
toward the North Pole
Question #24
Foliation refers to what characteristic of rocks?
A.
Small crystals
B.
Straight or wavy, banded lines
C.
Numerous joints
D.
Hollow cores
E.
Large crystals
Question #25
A ________ plate boundary is associated with lateral slippage, conservation of existing crust, and is descriptive of the San Andreas fault system.
A.
divergent
B.
convergent
C.
transform
D.
subducting
E.
fault scarp
Question #26
The Himalayas were formed by crumpling of plate edges in a ________ zone.
A.
convergent
B.
basalt
C.
transcurrent
D.
rift
E.
divergent
Question #27
The plate boundaries which are ________ are likely to make island arcs.
A.
divergent between oceanic plates
B.
transducive boundaries between oceanic and continental plates
C.
convergent between oceanic plates
D.
divergent between continental plates
E.
convergent between continental plates
Question #28
Currently, the fastest rate of seafloor spreading is thought to be on the order of ________.
A.
100 meters per year
B.
10 meters per year
C.
10 centimeters per year
D.
0 centimeters per year (stopped)
E.
1 kilometer per year
Question #29
Fracking is most closely associated with ________.
A.
conventional extraction
B.
natural gas
C.
oil
D.
an environmentally safe extraction method
E.
fossil fuels in sandstones
Question #30
If you travel away from a mid-ocean ridge you will find ________.
A.
little evidence of paleomagnetic reversals of the poles
B.
increasingly younger rocks
C.
increasingly older rocks
D.
the seafloor is drifting opposite to your direction of motion
E.
more and more earthquakes
Question #31
With respect to minerals, which of the following is true?
A.
All minerals crystals are too small to be seen.
B.
All minerals have been discovered.
C.
More than 500,000 minerals exist.
D.
Fewer than 20 minerals make up 95% of the crust.
E.
Mineral is a synonym for rock.
Question #32
Marble is metamorphosed ________.
A.
shale
B.
limestone
C.
gneiss
D.
slate
E.
schist
Question #33
The basic classification of rock types is based on their ________.
A.
origin
B.
color
C.
pH
D.
crystal structure
E.
petrology
Question #34
An inner portion of the Earth which is rigid, dense, and solid and lies directly beneath the Moho is called the ________.
A.
mantle
B.
inner core
C.
crust
D.
magma
E.
outer core
Question #35
Uniformitarianism replaced ________ as the guiding concept for landscape development.
A.
isostasy
B.
catastrophism
C.
monotheism
D.
plate tectonics
Question #36
The Earth's interior is hot because of ________.
A.
friction
B.
plate tectonics
C.
the pull of lunar gravity
D.
radioactive decay
E.
an inner core of magma
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