Geog 001 - Physical Geography » Spring 2022 » Module 11 Chapter 13 and 14 Quiz
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Question #1
Which of the following is most closely associated with a mantle plume?
A.
Western Europe
B.
The Hawaiian Islands
C.
The Florida peninsula
D.
Southern California
E.
The lower Mississippi River Valley
Question #2
The very high temperatures in Earth's core are caused by ________.
A.
radioactive decay
B.
fusion
C.
rotation
D.
volcanoes
E.
fission
Question #3
Within the Earth is molten mineral matter called ________.
A.
rock
B.
bedrock
C.
soil
D.
extrusive material
E.
magma
Question #4
________ is an example of a native element.
A.
Gold
B.
Halite
C.
Iron
D.
Lead
E.
Calcite
Question #5
________ and nickel are thought to comprise significant portions of the Earth's inner and outer cores.
A.
Aluminum
B.
Quartz
C.
Titanium
D.
Basalt
E.
Iron
Question #6
The ________ is not a portion of the Earth's interior.
A.
magnetosphere
B.
outer core
C.
Moho
D.
asthenosphere
E.
lithosphere
Question #7
The airborne material ejected from a volcano is termed________.
A.
pyroclastic material
B.
granite
C.
lava
D.
magma
E.
silica
Question #8
Uniformitarianism was an idea first put forth by the scientist ________.
A.
Hutton
B.
Berkeley
C.
Wegener
D.
Aristotle
E.
Köppen
Question #9
Granite, diorite, gabbro, and peridotite are ________ rocks.
A.
sedimentary clastic
B.
metamorphic foliated
C.
sedimentary chemical and organic
D.
igneous intrusive
E.
igneous extrusive
Question #10
Consider the location of New York City. In terms of crustal plates, New York City is ________.
A.
not on a plate
B.
on a divergent boundary
C.
not on a plate boundary
D.
on a transform boundary
E.
on a convergent boundary
Question #11
The Earth's age is ________ billion years old.
A.
0.046
B.
4.6
C.
46
D.
0.46
E.
460
Question #12
Which of the following is the result of a continental-continental boundary convergence?
A.
Subduction
B.
Trench
C.
Island arc
D.
The Alps
E.
Mid-oceanic ridge
Question #13
The Pacific "Ring of Fire" refers to the ________.
A.
volcanoes around the Pacific Ocean
B.
subduction zones on the ocean floor
C.
flood basalts
D.
Azores Island
E.
the Hawaiian Islands
Question #14
The first comprehensive theory of continental drift was proposed by ________ in the early twentieth century.
A.
Wallace
B.
Darwin
C.
Saganss
D.
Köppen
E.
Wegener
Question #15
Which of the following is not closely associated with the large system of ridges on the ocean floors?
A.
Transform faults
B.
Continental rift zones
C.
Upwelling of magma
D.
Island arcs
E.
Seafloor spreading
Question #16
Which of the following does not fit the definition of a mineral?
A.
It must be found in nature.
B.
It must have economic value.
C.
It must be made up of inorganic substances.
D.
It must have the same chemical composition wherever found.
E.
It must form a regular pattern of crystals.
Question #17
When a craton is exposed at Earth's surface, it is called a ________.
A.
continental shield
B.
plate
C.
caldera
D.
transform fault region
E.
mid-ocean ridge
Question #18
Which of the following is not part of the Pacific Ring of Fire?
A.
Mt. Unzen, Japan
B.
Mt. Novarupta, Alaska
C.
Hawaiian Islands
D.
Mount St. Helens, Washington
E.
Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines
Question #19
Isostasy refers to the recognition that the ________ floats on the denser mantle.
A.
atmosphere
B.
aluminum
C.
inner core
D.
outer core
E.
crust
Question #20
Sedimentary deposits in the form of regular layers are known as ________.
A.
strata
B.
granite
C.
intrusive exfoliation
D.
detrital striations
E.
clastic inclusions
Question #21
The state having the greatest extent of flood basalts is ________.
A.
Arizona
B.
California
C.
Idaho
D.
Washington
E.
Arkansas
Question #22
Under most of the Earth's land surface, solid rock exists as a buried layer known as ________.
A.
regolith
B.
soil
C.
an outcrop
D.
sediments
E.
bedrock
Question #23
Presently, the North American and Eurasian plates are moving ________.
A.
toward the North Pole
B.
toward each other
C.
away from each other
D.
nowhere
E.
toward the Equator
Question #24
Foliation refers to what characteristic of rocks?
A.
Numerous joints
B.
Hollow cores
C.
Small crystals
D.
Large crystals
E.
Straight or wavy, banded lines
Question #25
A ________ plate boundary is associated with lateral slippage, conservation of existing crust, and is descriptive of the San Andreas fault system.
A.
transform
B.
subducting
C.
divergent
D.
fault scarp
E.
convergent
Question #26
The Himalayas were formed by crumpling of plate edges in a ________ zone.
A.
divergent
B.
convergent
C.
basalt
D.
transcurrent
E.
rift
Question #27
The plate boundaries which are ________ are likely to make island arcs.
A.
divergent between continental plates
B.
convergent between oceanic plates
C.
convergent between continental plates
D.
divergent between oceanic plates
E.
transducive boundaries between oceanic and continental plates
Question #28
Currently, the fastest rate of seafloor spreading is thought to be on the order of ________.
A.
1 kilometer per year
B.
100 meters per year
C.
10 centimeters per year
D.
10 meters per year
E.
0 centimeters per year (stopped)
Question #29
Fracking is most closely associated with ________.
A.
fossil fuels in sandstones
B.
oil
C.
natural gas
D.
an environmentally safe extraction method
E.
conventional extraction
Question #30
If you travel away from a mid-ocean ridge you will find ________.
A.
little evidence of paleomagnetic reversals of the poles
B.
increasingly younger rocks
C.
more and more earthquakes
D.
the seafloor is drifting opposite to your direction of motion
E.
increasingly older rocks
Question #31
With respect to minerals, which of the following is true?
A.
Mineral is a synonym for rock.
B.
All minerals have been discovered.
C.
All minerals crystals are too small to be seen.
D.
Fewer than 20 minerals make up 95% of the crust.
E.
More than 500,000 minerals exist.
Question #32
Marble is metamorphosed ________.
A.
limestone
B.
shale
C.
gneiss
D.
slate
E.
schist
Question #33
The basic classification of rock types is based on their ________.
A.
petrology
B.
origin
C.
pH
D.
crystal structure
E.
color
Question #34
An inner portion of the Earth which is rigid, dense, and solid and lies directly beneath the Moho is called the ________.
A.
magma
B.
outer core
C.
crust
D.
inner core
E.
mantle
Question #35
Uniformitarianism replaced ________ as the guiding concept for landscape development.
A.
catastrophism
B.
monotheism
C.
isostasy
D.
plate tectonics
Question #36
The Earth's interior is hot because of ________.
A.
an inner core of magma
B.
friction
C.
the pull of lunar gravity
D.
plate tectonics
E.
radioactive decay
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