Geog 001 - Physical Geography » Spring 2022 » Module 11 Chapter 13 and 14 Quiz
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Question #1
Which of the following is most closely associated with a mantle plume?
A.
Western Europe
B.
The Hawaiian Islands
C.
The Florida peninsula
D.
Southern California
E.
The lower Mississippi River Valley
Question #2
The very high temperatures in Earth's core are caused by ________.
A.
fusion
B.
volcanoes
C.
fission
D.
radioactive decay
E.
rotation
Question #3
Within the Earth is molten mineral matter called ________.
A.
magma
B.
rock
C.
soil
D.
bedrock
E.
extrusive material
Question #4
________ is an example of a native element.
A.
Iron
B.
Halite
C.
Calcite
D.
Lead
E.
Gold
Question #5
________ and nickel are thought to comprise significant portions of the Earth's inner and outer cores.
A.
Iron
B.
Aluminum
C.
Basalt
D.
Titanium
E.
Quartz
Question #6
The ________ is not a portion of the Earth's interior.
A.
Moho
B.
outer core
C.
lithosphere
D.
asthenosphere
E.
magnetosphere
Question #7
The airborne material ejected from a volcano is termed________.
A.
pyroclastic material
B.
magma
C.
silica
D.
granite
E.
lava
Question #8
Uniformitarianism was an idea first put forth by the scientist ________.
A.
Köppen
B.
Aristotle
C.
Wegener
D.
Berkeley
E.
Hutton
Question #9
Granite, diorite, gabbro, and peridotite are ________ rocks.
A.
sedimentary chemical and organic
B.
igneous intrusive
C.
sedimentary clastic
D.
metamorphic foliated
E.
igneous extrusive
Question #10
Consider the location of New York City. In terms of crustal plates, New York City is ________.
A.
on a transform boundary
B.
not on a plate
C.
not on a plate boundary
D.
on a convergent boundary
E.
on a divergent boundary
Question #11
The Earth's age is ________ billion years old.
A.
0.46
B.
4.6
C.
0.046
D.
46
E.
460
Question #12
Which of the following is the result of a continental-continental boundary convergence?
A.
Trench
B.
Subduction
C.
The Alps
D.
Island arc
E.
Mid-oceanic ridge
Question #13
The Pacific "Ring of Fire" refers to the ________.
A.
volcanoes around the Pacific Ocean
B.
the Hawaiian Islands
C.
flood basalts
D.
subduction zones on the ocean floor
E.
Azores Island
Question #14
The first comprehensive theory of continental drift was proposed by ________ in the early twentieth century.
A.
Darwin
B.
Köppen
C.
Wegener
D.
Wallace
E.
Saganss
Question #15
Which of the following is not closely associated with the large system of ridges on the ocean floors?
A.
Upwelling of magma
B.
Seafloor spreading
C.
Island arcs
D.
Continental rift zones
E.
Transform faults
Question #16
Which of the following does not fit the definition of a mineral?
A.
It must have economic value.
B.
It must be made up of inorganic substances.
C.
It must form a regular pattern of crystals.
D.
It must have the same chemical composition wherever found.
E.
It must be found in nature.
Question #17
When a craton is exposed at Earth's surface, it is called a ________.
A.
caldera
B.
transform fault region
C.
continental shield
D.
mid-ocean ridge
E.
plate
Question #18
Which of the following is not part of the Pacific Ring of Fire?
A.
Mt. Novarupta, Alaska
B.
Mt. Unzen, Japan
C.
Mount St. Helens, Washington
D.
Hawaiian Islands
E.
Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines
Question #19
Isostasy refers to the recognition that the ________ floats on the denser mantle.
A.
inner core
B.
outer core
C.
aluminum
D.
crust
E.
atmosphere
Question #20
Sedimentary deposits in the form of regular layers are known as ________.
A.
detrital striations
B.
strata
C.
granite
D.
clastic inclusions
E.
intrusive exfoliation
Question #21
The state having the greatest extent of flood basalts is ________.
A.
Idaho
B.
Washington
C.
California
D.
Arizona
E.
Arkansas
Question #22
Under most of the Earth's land surface, solid rock exists as a buried layer known as ________.
A.
sediments
B.
bedrock
C.
regolith
D.
soil
E.
an outcrop
Question #23
Presently, the North American and Eurasian plates are moving ________.
A.
toward each other
B.
away from each other
C.
toward the Equator
D.
toward the North Pole
E.
nowhere
Question #24
Foliation refers to what characteristic of rocks?
A.
Straight or wavy, banded lines
B.
Numerous joints
C.
Hollow cores
D.
Large crystals
E.
Small crystals
Question #25
A ________ plate boundary is associated with lateral slippage, conservation of existing crust, and is descriptive of the San Andreas fault system.
A.
subducting
B.
fault scarp
C.
divergent
D.
convergent
E.
transform
Question #26
The Himalayas were formed by crumpling of plate edges in a ________ zone.
A.
divergent
B.
rift
C.
basalt
D.
convergent
E.
transcurrent
Question #27
The plate boundaries which are ________ are likely to make island arcs.
A.
convergent between oceanic plates
B.
divergent between continental plates
C.
convergent between continental plates
D.
divergent between oceanic plates
E.
transducive boundaries between oceanic and continental plates
Question #28
Currently, the fastest rate of seafloor spreading is thought to be on the order of ________.
A.
1 kilometer per year
B.
10 centimeters per year
C.
0 centimeters per year (stopped)
D.
100 meters per year
E.
10 meters per year
Question #29
Fracking is most closely associated with ________.
A.
conventional extraction
B.
an environmentally safe extraction method
C.
natural gas
D.
oil
E.
fossil fuels in sandstones
Question #30
If you travel away from a mid-ocean ridge you will find ________.
A.
increasingly younger rocks
B.
little evidence of paleomagnetic reversals of the poles
C.
the seafloor is drifting opposite to your direction of motion
D.
more and more earthquakes
E.
increasingly older rocks
Question #31
With respect to minerals, which of the following is true?
A.
Mineral is a synonym for rock.
B.
More than 500,000 minerals exist.
C.
Fewer than 20 minerals make up 95% of the crust.
D.
All minerals crystals are too small to be seen.
E.
All minerals have been discovered.
Question #32
Marble is metamorphosed ________.
A.
gneiss
B.
limestone
C.
shale
D.
slate
E.
schist
Question #33
The basic classification of rock types is based on their ________.
A.
origin
B.
color
C.
petrology
D.
pH
E.
crystal structure
Question #34
An inner portion of the Earth which is rigid, dense, and solid and lies directly beneath the Moho is called the ________.
A.
inner core
B.
magma
C.
crust
D.
mantle
E.
outer core
Question #35
Uniformitarianism replaced ________ as the guiding concept for landscape development.
A.
monotheism
B.
catastrophism
C.
isostasy
D.
plate tectonics
Question #36
The Earth's interior is hot because of ________.
A.
the pull of lunar gravity
B.
friction
C.
an inner core of magma
D.
radioactive decay
E.
plate tectonics
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