California State University, Northridge » Psychology » Psychology 352

Psychology 352 - Motivation » Spring 2022 » Exam 2A

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Question #1

In the Meyers text, Harry Helson’s (1898-1977) research describes:

A. our tendency to judge various stimuli in comparison with our past experiences

B. adaptation, where after an initial surge of pleasure…we then require something even better to give us a boost of happiness

C. all of these

D. the adaptation-level phenomenon

Question #2

In the Meyers text, according to Martin Seligman et. al. research (1967, 1990, 2005):

A. a high ratio of positive feelings to negative feelings correlates with subjective well-being

B. all of these

C. if learned helplessness is possible than learned optimism is also possible

D. learned helplessness can be the result of feeling powerless

Question #3

According to Mother Teresa in the Bolt text:

A. there are two things in life, to work and to love

B. none of these

C. reaching out in mercy to someone who is hurting makes you happy

D. life is suffering, I affirm it, I love it.

Question #4

In the Meyers text, research with male and female film viewers by Kring & Gordon (1998) found that:

A. the women’s faces showed much more emotions

B. all of these

C. male and female viewers did not differ dramatically in self-reported emotions

D. male and female viewers did not differ dramatically in physiological responses

Question #5

In the Bolt text, Harker & Keltner’s (2001) research on women’s smiles:

A. none of these

B. found that women with Duchenne (authentic) smiles in their 20’s displayed highe competence and more affiliation with others at 27, 43, and 52

C. identified and described Duchenne (authentic) and non-Duchenne (inauthentic) smiles

D. identified and described Duchenne (authentic) and non-Duchenne (inauthentic) smiles and found that women with Duchenne (authentic) smiles in their 20’s displayed highe competence and more affiliation with others at 27, 43, and 52

Question #6

In the Meyers text, Holland (1996) identified and described which of these Occupational Interest Types?

A. all of these

B. investigative (thinkers) and social (helpers, teachers)

C. enterprising (persuaders, deciders) and conventional (organizers)

D. realistic (hands-on doers) and artistic (creators)

Question #7

In the Bolt text, Roy Baumeister & Julie Exline (1999) note that having personal self-control that allows you to delay gratification:

A. is a key to a productive and socially responsible life

B. is the master virtue

C. is a mark of maturity

D. all of these

Question #8

According to the Meyer’s text as an undergraduate psychology major:

A. you graduate with a scientific mindset and an awareness of the basic principles of human behavior and metaphorically, you have a license to starve

B. you graduate with a scientific mindset and an awareness of the basic principles of human behavior

C. none of these

D. metaphorically, you have a license to starve

Question #9

In the Myers text, what distinguishes Mohamed Mamow as an engaged employee?

A. he arrives for work a half hour early and tends to every detail of his shift

B. he is mindful of his responsibilities and takes his job seriously

C. Mohamed is an extremely hard worker

D. all of these

Question #10

According to the Meyers text, The Facial Feedback Effect refers to:

A. the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems inability to function

B. the tendency of facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear, anger or happiness

C. none of these

D. the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems inability to function and the tendency of facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear, anger or happiness

Question #11

According to the Meyers text, Industrial Organizational Psychology involves the research and study of:

A. human factors psychology

B. personnel psychology

C. all of these

D. organizational psychology

Question #12

In the Meyers text, the study of 50 Dutch companies, de Hoogh et.al. (2004), found that the firms with the highest morale had chief executives who inspired their colleagues:

A. to transcend their own self-interests for the sake of the collective and to identify with and to commit themselves to the group’s mission

B. to transcend their own self-interests for the sake of the collective

C. none of these

D. to identify with and to commit themselves to the group’s mission

Question #13

In the Bolt text, Samantha Heintzelman & Laura King (2014) found that a meaningful life:

A. makes sense to the individual

B. is one that matters or possesses some significance

C. is one with a sense of purpose

D. all of these

Question #14

In the Meyers text, Donald Clifton (2001) suggests that finding your own flow and your passion involves asking yourself which questions?

A. what activities leave me wondering when can I do this again?

B. what tasks are easy for me to learn?

C. what activities give me pleasure?

D. all of these

Question #15

According to the David Myers text Human Factors Psychologists:

A. explore the human-machine interface

B. were responsible for making ATM’s easier to operate

C. all of these

D. work with designers and engineers to create new products

Question #16

In the Bolt text, The Marshmallow Test research conducted by Mischel, Ebbesen & Zeiss (1972) and all of the later follow-up studies concluded that:

A. the ability to delay gratification became apparent as years passed

B. none of these

C. the ability to delay gratification became apparent as years passed and children who resisted temptation at age 4, were more confident, trustworthy and dependable as adolescents

D. children who resisted temptation at age 4, were more confident, trustworthy and dependable as adolescents

Question #17

According to the Meyers text, Carroll Izard (1977) isolated which ten basic emotions in the facial expressions of infants:

A. joy, interest-excitement, surprise, sadness, anger, disgust, contempt, fear, shame and guilt

B. pain, sadness, gas, happiness, colic, surprise, fear, anger, disgust, and shame

C. interest, boredom, happiness, sadness, pain, suffering, fear, shame, surprise and disgust

D. love, hate, joy, excitement, boredom, disgust, surprise, fear, envy, and greed

Question #18

According to the Meyers text, the career psychologist that applies psychological principles to legal issues is a:

A. school psychologist

B. forensic psychologist

C. sports psychologist

D. clinical psychologist

Question #19

In the Meyers text, analyzing 125 student studies, Judith Hall (1984, 1987) concluded that when given thin slices of behavior women generally:

A. none of these

B. do surpass men at reading people’s emotional cues

C. have higher IQ’s than men.

D. have lower IQ’s than men

Question #20

According to the Meyers text, Human Factors Psychology research says that when you know all all about a thing (e.g.) how something works or how you have always performed an activity, it’s hard to mentally simulate what it’s like not to know and that is called:

A. the human factors conundrum

B. the biological imperative

C. the curse of knowledge

Question #21

In the Meyers text, Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi (1990, 1999) in researching states of what he defined as “flow”:

A. studied artists, dancers, chess players, surgeons, writers and parents

B. found that quality of life increases when we are purposefully engaged

C. none of these

D. found that quality of life increases when we are purposefully engaged and studied artists, dancers, chess players, surgeons, writers and parents

Question #22

In the Meyers text, Phil McAleer and Colleagues (2014) observed that:

A. just hearing a stranger say “Hello” gives some clue to the speakers personality and they called this phenomenon "the Jerry McGuire effect"

B. they called this phenomenon "the Jerry McGuire effect"

C. none of these

D. just hearing a stranger say “Hello” gives some clue to the speakers personality a

Question #23

The Meyers text noted that football coach Pete Carroll has made a commitment to positive reinforcement and a nurturing environment that allows people to be themselves, while still being accountable to the team.

A. True

B. False

Question #24

In the Bolt text, McCullough et. al. (2009) found that forgiveness seems to be positively linked with physical health, psychological well-being and favorable relationship outcomes.

A. True

B. False

Question #25

In the Meyers text, researchers have found that happiness is very much related to age and physical attractiveness.

A. True

B. False

Question #26

In the Meyers text, researchers observed that anger is not always wrong. In fact, if anger is used wisely, it can communicate strength and competence.

A. True

B. False

Question #27

In the Meyers text, the three pillars of positive psychology are: (1) positive well-being; (2) positive character; and (3) positive groups, communities and cultures.

A. False

B. True

Question #28

In the Bolt text, happiness was associated with success and happiness increased as income grew.

A. True

B. False

Question #29

In the Meyers text, the concept of flow in positive psychology is described as a completely involved focused state with diminished awareness of self and time; and results from the full engagement of our skills.

A. True

B. False

Question #30

In the Bolt text, Carver & Scheier’s (1981) Self-Regulation Theory assumes that behavior is directed from within the person.

A. False

B. True

Question #31

In the Meyers text, the authors note that great leaders are always authoritarian, they have a take no prisoners attitude an attitude that clearly communicates to the employees it’s my way or the highway.

A. False

B. True

Question #32

In the Meyers text, Salovey (1990) in one of psychology’s most consistent findings, referred to the tendency to be helpful when you are in a good mood as the feel-good, do-good phenomenon.

A. False

B. True

Question #33

In the Meyers text, gestures, facial expressions and voice tones, which are absent in written communications, convey important information.

A. False

B. True

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