Psychology 103 - Physiological Psychology » Spring 2022 » Final Exam
Need help with your exam preparation?
Get Answers to this exam for $6 USD.
Get Answers to all exams in [ Psychology 103 - Physiological Psychology ] course for $25 USD.
Existing Quiz Clients Login here
Question #1
The amyloid plaques displayed by transgenic mice are most prevalent in and around the
A.
parietal cortex.
B.
cerebellum.
C.
structures of the medial temporal lobes.
D.
hypothalamus.
E.
basal ganglia.
Question #2
The general effect of synapse rearrangement is to
A.
increase the ratio of axosomatic synapses to axodendritic synapses.
B.
increase the number of different target cells innervated by each neuron.
C.
focus the output of each neuron on fewer postsynaptic cells.
D.
increase the number of synaptic contacts received by each neuron.
E.
increase the number of synapses.
Question #3
Which of the following provides the most detailed three-dimensional view of the structure of the living human brain?
A.
EEG
B.
CT
C.
angiography
D.
MRI
E.
PET
Question #4
Most of the cell death associated with early development of the brain is
A.
passive.
B.
necrotic.
C.
none of these
D.
all of these
E.
apoptotic.
Question #5
The cutaneous somatosensory system responds to
A.
nociceptive stimuli.
B.
mechanical stimuli.
C.
all of these
D.
none of these
E.
thermal stimuli.
Question #6
Generally speaking, feminization of the body at puberty
A.
occurs automatically unless testosterone is present.
B.
occurs automatically even if testosterone is present in large amounts.
C.
can be blocked by hormones but is not stimulated by them.
D.
is stimulated by a high ratio of estrogens to androgens.
E.
is stimulated by a high ratio of androgens to estrogens.
Question #7
On the basis of their receptive field properties, most neurons in lower layer IV of the primary visual cortex are classified as
A.
simple cells or complex cells.
B.
on-center or off-center cells.
C.
complex cells or hypercomplex cells.
D.
type A or type B cells.
E.
hypercomplex cells.
Question #8
Unlike Old-World monkeys, apes
A.
cannot walk upright for short distances.
B.
have opposable thumbs that are not useful for precise manipulation.
C.
do not have tails.
D.
do not have opposable thumbs.
E.
have tails.
Question #9
The last part of the human brain to reach full maturity is the
A.
hippocampus.
B.
occipital cortex.
C.
amygdala.
D.
hypothalamus.
E.
prefrontal cortex.
Question #10
Research that is intended to bring about direct benefit to humankind is
A.
case-study research.
B.
applied research.
C.
correlational research.
D.
biopsychological research.
E.
pure research.
Question #11
The neural structure situated near the duct connecting the third and fourth ventricles is the
A.
cerebral aqueduct.
B.
superior colliculi.
C.
periaqueductal gray.
D.
substantia nigra.
E.
red nucleus.
Question #12
Another word for "integration" is
A.
"all-or-none."
B.
"release."
C.
"activation."
D.
"firing."
E.
"summation."
Question #13
The cerebral cortex is the outermost layer of the
A.
all of these
B.
cerebellum.
C.
cerebral hemispheres.
D.
brain.
E.
great cerebral commissure.
Question #14
Sry protein triggers the development of the medullas of the primordial gonads into
A.
ovaries.
B.
testes.
C.
a Wolffian system.
D.
a Müllerian system.
E.
the penis.
Question #15
A neuron normally fires when
A.
its buttons are stimulated.
B.
there is an IPSP.
C.
its sodium-potassium pumps are stimulated.
D.
the degree of depolarization on the axon adjacent to the hillock exceeds the threshold of excitation.
E.
there is an EPSP.
Question #16
Which part of the PNS projects from only the cranial and sacral portions of the CNS?
A.
autonomic nervous system
B.
somatic nervous system
C.
cranial nerves
D.
sympathetic nervous system
E.
parasympathetic nervous system
Question #17
Color vision is mediated by
A.
the scotopic system.
B.
duplexity.
C.
the photopic system.
D.
rhodopsin.
E.
rods.
Question #18
In essence, on-center and off-center cells of the retina-geniculate-striate system respond best to
A.
contrast.
B.
circles.
C.
dots of light.
D.
straight lines.
E.
movement.
Question #19
The conduction of an action potential along any axon is mediated by the action of
A.
ligand-activated ion channels.
B.
nodes of Ranvier.
C.
myelin.
D.
voltage-activated ion channels.
E.
EPSPs.
Question #20
Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the major divisions of biopsychology?
A.
psychophysiology
B.
neuropsychology
C.
physiological psychology
D.
clinical psychology
E.
psychopharmacology
Question #21
The basal ganglia:
A.
Regulates movement.
B.
Initiates movement.
C.
None of these
D.
all of these
E.
Integrates and coordinates the activity of sensorimotor structures.
Question #22
Which of the following statements is NOT true? Testosterone replacement injections administered to adult orchidectomized males usually
A.
enable them to achieve an erection.
B.
eliminate their sterility.
C.
increase their muscularity.
D.
increase their sex drive.
E.
render them potent.
Question #23
The monoamine theory of depression is based on the fact that
A.
most drugs used to treat depression are monoamine antagonists.
B.
most drugs used to treat depression are monoamine agonists.
C.
depressed people have low levels of monoamines.
D.
None of these
E.
depressed people have high levels of monoamines.
Question #24
Psychobiology, behavioral biology, and behavioral neuroscience are all approximate synonyms for
A.
cognitive behavior.
B.
neurophysiology.
C.
biopsychology.
D.
behavioral psychology.
E.
neuroscience.
Question #25
Which of the following suggested that the amygdala plays an important role in human sexual behavior?
A.
anabolic steroids
B.
sexual dimorphism
C.
estrous cycle
D.
John Money
E.
Kluver-Bucy syndrome
Question #26
The dura mater, arachnoid membrane, and pia mater are
A.
neurons.
B.
myelin.
C.
neuroglia.
D.
parts of the autonomic nervous system.
E.
meninges.
Question #27
In contrast to the ventromedial corticospinal tract, before descending to the spinal cord, the ventromedial cortico-brainstem-spinal tract interacts with the
A.
reticular formation.
B.
vestibular nuclei.
C.
tectum.
D.
none of these
E.
all of these
Question #28
Studies have shown that about ______ new neurons are created each day in each hippocampus of humans.
A.
4
B.
12
C.
8
D.
700
E.
16
Question #29
The neural crest develops into the
A.
cortex.
B.
ventricular system.
C.
neural tube.
D.
circulatory system of the brain.
E.
peripheral nervous system.
Question #30
The retina-geniculate-striate system is organized
A.
ipsilaterally.
B.
from top to bottom.
C.
from left to right.
D.
on the basis of wavelength.
E.
retinotopically.
Question #31
The consequences of widespread cerebellar damage include
A.
inability to precisely control the direction, force, velocity, and amplitude of movements.
B.
inability to adapt patterns of motor output to changing conditions.
C.
difficulty in maintaining steady postures.
D.
all of these
E.
severe disturbances of balance, gait, speech, and eye movement.
Question #32
The ________ is important in regulating such hormones as growth, hunger, sleep and sex.
A.
Cochlea
B.
Hypothalamus
C.
Ruffini Ending
D.
Hippocampus
Question #33
In addition to the radial migration of developing neurons, there is considerable __________ migration.
A.
tangential
B.
rapid
C.
axonal
D.
intermediate
E.
circuitous
Question #34
During sensorimotor learning,
A.
the locus of control is often shifted to lower levels of the sensorimotor hierarchy.
B.
all of these
C.
individual responses are often integrated into continuous motor programs.
D.
the locus of control is often shifted from conscious to unconscious control mechanisms.
Question #35
The retina-geniculate-striate system is organized
A.
from top to bottom.
B.
retinotopically.
C.
ipsilaterally.
D.
on the basis of wavelength.
E.
from left to right.
Question #36
Which of the following contains the receptors of the vestibular system?
A.
ossicles
B.
vestibular nucleus
C.
cochlea
D.
basilar membrane
E.
semicircular canals
Question #37
A compelling illustration of contrast enhancement is
A.
the cocktail sausage demonstration.
B.
the complementary color afterimage demonstration.
C.
color constancy.
D.
the Mach band demonstration.
E.
lateral inhibition.
Question #38
Many buttons contain two sizes of vesicles; the larger ones typically contain
A.
glutamate.
B.
neuropeptides.
C.
dopamine.
D.
acetylcholine.
E.
small-molecule neurotransmitters.
Question #39
Kindling is considered to be a model of
A.
absence epilepsy.
B.
Parkinson's disease.
C.
MPTP.
D.
multiple sclerosis.
E.
human epileptogenesis.
Question #40
There is good evidence in some species that testosterone does not masculinize the brain directly, that it is first converted to estradiol, which then masculinizes the brain. This hypothesis is called the __________ hypothesis.
A.
aromatization
B.
dihydrotestosterone
C.
alpha fetoprotein
D.
cholesterol
E.
dimorphic
Question #41
The bleaching of rhodopsin by light
A.
depolarizes rods.
B.
depolarizes cones.
C.
opens potassium channels.
D.
hyperpolarizes rods.
E.
opens sodium channels.
Question #42
The CSF circulates through the
A.
lateral ventricles.
B.
central canal.
C.
none of these
D.
subarachnoid space.
E.
all of these
Question #43
A dermatome is a
A.
fast adapting cutaneous receptor.
B.
slowly adapting cutaneous receptor.
C.
none of these
D.
free nerve ending.
Question #44
Brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) has been of particular interest to researchers because
A.
women have twice as much as men.
B.
regeneration is not possible without it.
C.
it plays an important role in mental health.
D.
treatments that improve depression increase BDNF.
E.
BDNF is localized in the prefrontal lobes.
Question #45
Embryonic cells that have the potential for unlimited renewal and have the ability to develop into different kinds of mature cells if they are transplanted to different sites are often called
A.
ectodermal cells.
B.
zygotes.
C.
multipolar cells.
D.
embryonic stem cells.
E.
daughter cells.
Question #46
This is an illustration of the developing neural tube. The line points to one of the brain's major divisions, the
A.
diencephalon.
B.
mesencephalon.
C.
metencephalon.
D.
telencephalon.
E.
myelencephalon.
Question #47
Multiple sclerosis
A.
attacks young adults.
B.
is a progressive disorder.
C.
is associated with the development of areas of scar tissue in the CNS white matter.
D.
all of these
E.
is a disease of CNS myelin.
Question #48
Parkinson's disease is treated with
A.
dopamine.
B.
acetylcholine.
C.
serotonin.
D.
norepinephrine.
E.
L-dopa.
Question #49
"Stroke" commonly refers to
A.
cerebrovascular disorders of sudden onset.
B.
cancerous brain tumors of sudden onset.
C.
closed-head injuries of sudden onset.
D.
brain infarcts.
Question #50
Which method provides structural and functional information about the living human brain on the same image?
A.
CT
B.
EEG
C.
angiography
D.
PET
E.
functional MRI
Question #51
Which technique records the BOLD signal?
A.
CT
B.
MRI
C.
fMRI
D.
MEG
E.
PET
Question #52
Much of SII is
A.
none of these
B.
all of these
C.
adjacent to SI.
D.
in the lateral fissure.
E.
in the parietal cortex.
Question #53
The clinical effectiveness of typical antipsychotic drugs is positively correlated with the degree to which they bind to
A.
D1 receptors.
B.
autoreceptors.
C.
glutamate receptors.
D.
D2 receptors.
E.
dopamine.
Question #54
To be considered a major depressive disorder, symptoms must
A.
last more than 2 weeks.
B.
be triggered by an obvious traumatic event.
C.
NOT involve anhedonia.
D.
involve a suicide attempt.
E.
last less than 2 weeks.
Question #55
The cortices of the primordial gonads may develop into
A.
the Wolffian system.
B.
testes.
C.
the frenulum.
D.
ovaries.
E.
the female sex ducts.
Question #56
In some studies, subjects are not assigned to particular conditions; instead subjects are selected because they are already living under these conditions (e.g., alcohol consumers and alcohol nonconsumers). Such studies are
A.
unethical.
B.
randomized experiments.
C.
true experiments.
D.
quasiexperiments.
E.
case studies.
Question #57
Convergent evolution produces structures that are
A.
convergent.
B.
homologous.
C.
analogous.
D.
none of these
Question #58
The two major divisions of the nervous system are the
A.
ANS and the CNS.
B.
PNS and the CNS.
C.
SNS and the CNS.
D.
ANS and the PNS.
E.
brain and the spinal cord.
Question #59
Which is considered to be the most prevalent inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian CNS?
A.
glycine
B.
GABA
C.
glutamate
D.
dopamine
E.
serotonin
Question #60
In general, the various areas of secondary motor cortex are thought to
A.
terminate response sequences.
B.
mediate reflexes.
C.
specialize in guiding learned sequences.
D.
provide the major input to spinal motor circuits.
E.
program specific patterns of movement.
Question #61
Parts of olfactory receptor cells can be observed
A.
in the nasal passages.
B.
in the olfactory mucosa.
C.
passing through the cribriform plate.
D.
all of these
E.
in the olfactory bulb.
Question #62
Which contrast X-ray technique is designed to locate vascular abnormalities in the brains of human patients?
A.
PET scans
B.
pneumoencephalography
C.
X-ray photography
D.
cerebral angiography
E.
CT scans
Question #63
There seem to be two different mechanisms of neural migration: glia-mediated migration and
A.
amoeboid migration.
B.
pioneer migration.
C.
somal translocation.
D.
growth cone translocation.
Question #64
Evidence suggests that the anterior cingulate cortex plays a major role in the
A.
expectation of pain.
B.
all of these
C.
adaptive responses to minimize pain.
D.
emotional reaction to pain.
E.
perception of pain.
Question #65
The general intellectual climate of a culture is referred to as its
A.
guano.
B.
confounds.
C.
converging operations.
D.
zeitgeist.
Question #66
The conventional view that all tastes are encoded by various combinations of activity in five primary taste receptors has a problem:
A.
Thirty receptors have been discovered for bitter.
B.
all of these
C.
Evidence suggests that there may be more than five primary tastes.
D.
No receptors have been discovered for salty and sour.
E.
Many tastes cannot be created from combinations of the five current primaries.
Question #67
Which of the following is NOT in the brain stem?
A.
telencephalon
B.
myelencephalon
C.
metencephalon
D.
medulla
E.
mesencephalon
Question #68
Epigenetic investigations, though relatively recent, have already identified
A.
histone remodeling as an important mechanism by which experience can influence gene expression.
B.
various kinds of small RNA molecules.
C.
DNA methylation as an important epigenetic mechanism.
D.
many active areas of nongene (junk) DNA.
E.
all of these
Question #69
At 18 days after conception, this structure becomes visible in the developing embryo; it is the neural
A.
floor.
B.
plate.
C.
mesoderm.
D.
tube.
E.
crest.
Question #70
Which of the following is a positive symptom of schizophrenia?
A.
all of these
B.
hallucinations
C.
delusions
D.
incoherent speech or thought
E.
inappropriate affect
Question #71
Which of the following are synthesized from tyrosine?
A.
catecholamines
B.
indolamines
C.
amino acids
D.
monoamines
Question #72
Philip suffered great pain in the elbow of his phantom arm, which seemed to be locked in an awkward position. Ramachandran successfully treated him by
A.
having him practice moving his phantom limb while his good arm was tied down.
B.
injecting his stump with stem cells.
C.
having him make synchronous, bilaterally symmetrical movements of "both arms" while directly viewing his good arm and a mirror image of it where his phantom limb would have been.
D.
injecting his stump with curare.
E.
having him practice moving his phantom limb while he imagined that he saw it moving.
Question #73
The purpose of the ventricles containing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
A.
supplies nutrients to the nervous system
B.
all of these
C.
removes waste products from cerebral metabolism
D.
protects (cushions ) brain and spinal cord
Question #74
Bilateral transplantation of fetal substantia nigra tissue in monkeys has proven successful in alleviating the symptoms of
A.
Huntington's disease.
B.
Alzheimer's disease.
C.
MPTP poisoning.
D.
autotransplants.
E.
epilepsy.
Question #75
Communication of the left and right hemispheres are due to this structure:
A.
Hippocampus
B.
Corpus Collasum
C.
Frontal Lobe
D.
Basal Ganglia
Question #76
In this area damage to the primary auditory cortex will result in problems hearing sounds. Damage to the left hemisphere of this structure will result in problems understanding what someone says to you.
A.
Frontal Lobe
B.
Broca's Area
C.
Parietal Lobe
D.
Temporal Lobe
Question #77
The human brain is composed of various cells, including about 100 billion that are specialized to receive and transmit electrochemical signals. These specialized cells are called
A.
neurons.
B.
glial cells.
C.
axons.
D.
sulci.
E.
oligodendroglia.
Question #78
Most axons of the dorsolateral corticorubrospinal tract synapse on
A.
muscles of the fingers and thumb.
B.
Betz cells.
C.
muscles of the hands and wrists.
D.
motor neurons that project to the fingers.
E.
interneurons of the spinal gray matter that in turn synapse on motor neurons that project to the distal muscles of the arms and legs.
Question #79
Evidence that environmental factors play a role in the etiology of schizophrenia is that the concordance rate for monozygotic twins is
A.
much less than 100%.
B.
greater for males than for females.
C.
more than for dizygotic twins.
D.
much more than 50%.
Question #80
The two genes, one on each chromosome of a pair, that control the same trait are called
A.
gametes.
B.
alleles.
C.
phenotypes.
D.
genotypes.
E.
dominants.
Need help with your exam preparation?
Get Answers to this exam for $6 USD.
Get Answers to all exams in [ Psychology 103 - Physiological Psychology ] course for $25 USD.
Existing Quiz Clients Login here