Psychology 103 - Physiological Psychology » Spring 2022 » Chapter 2 Practice Quiz 2

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Question #1
Unlike Old-World monkeys, apes
A.   have opposable thumbs that are not useful for precise manipulation.
B.   cannot walk upright for short distances.
C.   do not have opposable thumbs.
D.   have tails.
E.   do not have tails.
Question #2
The two genes, one on each chromosome of a pair, that control the same trait are called
A.   alleles.
B.   gametes.
C.   genotypes.
D.   phenotypes.
E.   dominants.
Question #3
Individuals who possess two identical genes for a particular trait
A.   cannot have offspring of the same genotype for that trait.
B.   cannot have offspring of the same phenotype for that trait.
C.   are homozygous for that trait.
D.   are heterozygous for that trait.
E.   none of these
Question #4
If an individual has a recessive phenotype for a particular trait, it can be concluded that
A.   both parents were homozygous for the dominant gene for that trait.
B.   each parent had at least one recessive gene for that trait.
C.   only one parent had a recessive phenotype for that trait.
D.   both parents also had a recessive phenotype for that trait.
Question #5
In each cell of the human body, there are normally
A.   23 pairs of chromosomes.
B.   21 pairs of chromosomes.
C.   21 chromosomes.
D.   23 genes.
E.   23 chromosomes.
Question #6
Gametes are produced by
A.   fertilization.
B.   mitosis.
C.   copulation
D.   mitotic cell division.
E.   meiosis.
Question #7
How many different nucleotide bases are there in DNA?
A.   7
B.   26
C.   1
D.   4
E.   2
Question #8
On the DNA molecule, cytosine binds to
A.   guanine.
B.   uracil.
C.   thiamine.
D.   thymine.
E.   adenine.
Question #9
Accidental alteration in individual genes during replication is called
A.   crossing over.
B.   self-duplication.
C.   linkage.
D.   translation.
E.   mutation.
Question #10
Color blindness occurs more frequently in males than in females because it is
A.   rare.
B.   a recessive sex-linked trait.
C.   quite common.
D.   dominant.
Question #11
Which of the following is a short segment of DNA that determines the rate at which a protein will be synthesized by a particular structural gene?
A.   codon
B.   enhancer
C.   nucleotide
D.   ribosome
E.   codon segment
Question #12
Proteins that bind to DNA and influence the rate at which particular structural genes will be expressed are called
A.   sex-linked traits.
B.   mutations.
C.   autosomes.
D.   enhancers.
E.   transcription factors.
Question #13
DNA is to RNA as
A.   thymine is to cytosine.
B.   guanine is to uracil.
C.   uracil is to guanine.
D.   thymine is to uracil.
E.   uracil is to thymine.
Question #14
During protein synthesis, each amino acid is carried to the ribosome by
A.   a messenger RNA molecule.
B.   a mitochondrion.
C.   an operator gene.
D.   a transfer RNA molecule.
E.   a codon.
Question #15
The most surprising finding of the human genome project is that humans have
A.   many mutations.
B.   more genes than corn has.
C.   so many genes.
D.   7-base codons.
E.   relatively few protein-coding genes.
Question #16
Epigenetic investigations, though relatively recent, have already identified
A.   many active areas of nongene (junk) DNA.
B.   various kinds of small RNA molecules.
C.   all of these
D.   histone remodeling as an important mechanism by which experience can influence gene expression.
E.   DNA methylation as an important epigenetic mechanism.

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