Psychology 103 - Physiological Psychology » Spring 2022 » Chapter 4 Practice Quiz 3
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Question #1
Many neurons contain and release two neurotransmitters. This situation is called
A.
covalence.
B.
coexistence.
C.
metabotropism.
D.
cohabitation.
E.
ionotropism.
Question #2
The process of neurotransmitter release is referred to as
A.
expulsion.
B.
synthesis.
C.
exocytosis.
D.
excitation.
E.
metabolism.
Question #3
The release of neurotransmitter molecules from buttons is often triggered by
A.
the release of calcium ions from the buttons.
B.
an efflux of sodium ions.
C.
an influx of calcium ions.
D.
the sodium-potassium pump.
E.
the arrival of an AP at the axon hillock.
Question #4
Once released, neurotransmitter molecules typically produce signals in postsynaptic neurons by
A.
attaching to vesicles.
B.
binding to presynaptic receptors.
C.
entering postsynaptic neurons.
D.
binding directly to calcium ions.
E.
binding to postsynaptic receptors.
Question #5
A ligand of acetylcholine is a substance that
A.
inhibits acetylcholine.
B.
stimulates acetylcholine's synthesis.
C.
binds to acetylcholine.
D.
degrades acetylcholine.
E.
facilitates acetylcholine's release.
Question #6
In comparison to ionotropic receptors, metabotropic receptors
A.
all of these
B.
produce effects that take longer to develop.
C.
produce longer lasting effects.
D.
are more prevalent.
E.
produce effects that are more diffuse.
Question #7
Second messengers can
A.
induce IPSPs or EPSPs.
B.
bind to DNA to influence protein synthesis.
C.
all of these
D.
influence metabolic activities of the cell.
E.
be synthesized in response to activation of metabotropic receptors.
Question #8
Second messengers are formed in the
A.
synaptic cleft.
B.
presynaptic neuron.
C.
mitochondria.
D.
vesicles.
E.
postsynaptic neuron.
Question #9
Autoreceptors are commonly found in
A.
presynaptic membranes.
B.
postsynaptic membranes.
C.
ribosomes.
D.
somas.
E.
synaptic vesicles.
Question #10
Autoreceptors of a neuron are sensitive to the neuron's own
A.
APs.
B.
EPSPs.
C.
second messengers.
D.
IPSPs.
E.
neurotransmitter.
Question #11
Which of the following are thought to play a role in reducing excessive neurotransmitter release?
A.
dendritic receptors
B.
postsynaptic receptors
C.
dendritic spines
D.
somatic receptors
E.
autoreceptors
Question #12
Which of the following is currently thought to be a valid general principle of synaptic transmission?
A.
All receptors are in postsynaptic membranes.
B.
Each neuron releases only one neurotransmitter.
C.
Each neurotransmitter acts on only one receptor subtype.
D.
none of these
E.
All neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft.
Question #13
There is only one neurotransmitter that is known to be deactivated in the synaptic cleft by enzymatic degradation; this neurotransmitter is
A.
acetylcholine.
B.
norepinephrine.
C.
dopamine.
D.
glutamate.
E.
acetylcholinesterase.
Question #14
The one enzyme whose function is to deactivate a specific neurotransmitter once it has been released into the synapse is
A.
L-dopa.
B.
acetylcholine.
C.
dopamine.
D.
a G protein.
E.
acetylcholinesterase.
Question #15
Neurons recycle
A.
none of these
B.
all of these
C.
the breakdown products of neurotransmitter molecules that have been degraded in the synapse by enzymes.
D.
neurotransmitter molecules that have been drawn back into the terminal buttons after being released.
E.
vesicles that have been integrated into the button membrane during exocytosis.
Question #16
Glial cells have been shown to
A.
contain receptors for neurotransmitters.
B.
conduct signals.
C.
release chemical transmitters.
D.
influence synaptic transmission.
E.
all of these
Question #17
Which is considered to be the most prevalent inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian CNS?
A.
dopamine
B.
serotonin
C.
glutamate
D.
glycine
E.
GABA
Question #18
Which of the following is synthesized directly from tyrosine?
A.
GABA
B.
L-dopa
C.
serotonin
D.
dopamine
E.
epinephrine
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