Psychology 103 - Physiological Psychology » Spring 2022 » Chapter 4 Practice Quiz 3
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Question #1
Many neurons contain and release two neurotransmitters. This situation is called
A.
ionotropism.
B.
cohabitation.
C.
coexistence.
D.
covalence.
E.
metabotropism.
Question #2
The process of neurotransmitter release is referred to as
A.
exocytosis.
B.
excitation.
C.
expulsion.
D.
synthesis.
E.
metabolism.
Question #3
The release of neurotransmitter molecules from buttons is often triggered by
A.
the release of calcium ions from the buttons.
B.
the arrival of an AP at the axon hillock.
C.
the sodium-potassium pump.
D.
an influx of calcium ions.
E.
an efflux of sodium ions.
Question #4
Once released, neurotransmitter molecules typically produce signals in postsynaptic neurons by
A.
binding directly to calcium ions.
B.
binding to presynaptic receptors.
C.
entering postsynaptic neurons.
D.
attaching to vesicles.
E.
binding to postsynaptic receptors.
Question #5
A ligand of acetylcholine is a substance that
A.
stimulates acetylcholine's synthesis.
B.
binds to acetylcholine.
C.
inhibits acetylcholine.
D.
facilitates acetylcholine's release.
E.
degrades acetylcholine.
Question #6
In comparison to ionotropic receptors, metabotropic receptors
A.
produce effects that are more diffuse.
B.
produce longer lasting effects.
C.
are more prevalent.
D.
produce effects that take longer to develop.
E.
all of these
Question #7
Second messengers can
A.
be synthesized in response to activation of metabotropic receptors.
B.
bind to DNA to influence protein synthesis.
C.
induce IPSPs or EPSPs.
D.
influence metabolic activities of the cell.
E.
all of these
Question #8
Second messengers are formed in the
A.
synaptic cleft.
B.
postsynaptic neuron.
C.
presynaptic neuron.
D.
mitochondria.
E.
vesicles.
Question #9
Autoreceptors are commonly found in
A.
synaptic vesicles.
B.
postsynaptic membranes.
C.
ribosomes.
D.
presynaptic membranes.
E.
somas.
Question #10
Autoreceptors of a neuron are sensitive to the neuron's own
A.
APs.
B.
IPSPs.
C.
neurotransmitter.
D.
second messengers.
E.
EPSPs.
Question #11
Which of the following are thought to play a role in reducing excessive neurotransmitter release?
A.
somatic receptors
B.
dendritic spines
C.
autoreceptors
D.
postsynaptic receptors
E.
dendritic receptors
Question #12
Which of the following is currently thought to be a valid general principle of synaptic transmission?
A.
Each neurotransmitter acts on only one receptor subtype.
B.
All neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft.
C.
All receptors are in postsynaptic membranes.
D.
none of these
E.
Each neuron releases only one neurotransmitter.
Question #13
There is only one neurotransmitter that is known to be deactivated in the synaptic cleft by enzymatic degradation; this neurotransmitter is
A.
glutamate.
B.
norepinephrine.
C.
dopamine.
D.
acetylcholinesterase.
E.
acetylcholine.
Question #14
The one enzyme whose function is to deactivate a specific neurotransmitter once it has been released into the synapse is
A.
acetylcholine.
B.
a G protein.
C.
dopamine.
D.
acetylcholinesterase.
E.
L-dopa.
Question #15
Neurons recycle
A.
the breakdown products of neurotransmitter molecules that have been degraded in the synapse by enzymes.
B.
all of these
C.
none of these
D.
vesicles that have been integrated into the button membrane during exocytosis.
E.
neurotransmitter molecules that have been drawn back into the terminal buttons after being released.
Question #16
Glial cells have been shown to
A.
influence synaptic transmission.
B.
contain receptors for neurotransmitters.
C.
all of these
D.
release chemical transmitters.
E.
conduct signals.
Question #17
Which is considered to be the most prevalent inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian CNS?
A.
dopamine
B.
serotonin
C.
glycine
D.
glutamate
E.
GABA
Question #18
Which of the following is synthesized directly from tyrosine?
A.
dopamine
B.
epinephrine
C.
L-dopa
D.
GABA
E.
serotonin
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