Psychology 103 - Physiological Psychology » Spring 2022 » Chapter 4 Practice Quiz 3
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Question #1
Many neurons contain and release two neurotransmitters. This situation is called
A.
covalence.
B.
cohabitation.
C.
coexistence.
D.
metabotropism.
E.
ionotropism.
Question #2
The process of neurotransmitter release is referred to as
A.
exocytosis.
B.
metabolism.
C.
excitation.
D.
expulsion.
E.
synthesis.
Question #3
The release of neurotransmitter molecules from buttons is often triggered by
A.
the release of calcium ions from the buttons.
B.
the sodium-potassium pump.
C.
an influx of calcium ions.
D.
the arrival of an AP at the axon hillock.
E.
an efflux of sodium ions.
Question #4
Once released, neurotransmitter molecules typically produce signals in postsynaptic neurons by
A.
binding directly to calcium ions.
B.
attaching to vesicles.
C.
entering postsynaptic neurons.
D.
binding to postsynaptic receptors.
E.
binding to presynaptic receptors.
Question #5
A ligand of acetylcholine is a substance that
A.
facilitates acetylcholine's release.
B.
stimulates acetylcholine's synthesis.
C.
inhibits acetylcholine.
D.
binds to acetylcholine.
E.
degrades acetylcholine.
Question #6
In comparison to ionotropic receptors, metabotropic receptors
A.
are more prevalent.
B.
produce effects that take longer to develop.
C.
produce longer lasting effects.
D.
produce effects that are more diffuse.
E.
all of these
Question #7
Second messengers can
A.
bind to DNA to influence protein synthesis.
B.
induce IPSPs or EPSPs.
C.
be synthesized in response to activation of metabotropic receptors.
D.
all of these
E.
influence metabolic activities of the cell.
Question #8
Second messengers are formed in the
A.
vesicles.
B.
synaptic cleft.
C.
mitochondria.
D.
postsynaptic neuron.
E.
presynaptic neuron.
Question #9
Autoreceptors are commonly found in
A.
somas.
B.
synaptic vesicles.
C.
presynaptic membranes.
D.
postsynaptic membranes.
E.
ribosomes.
Question #10
Autoreceptors of a neuron are sensitive to the neuron's own
A.
neurotransmitter.
B.
IPSPs.
C.
second messengers.
D.
EPSPs.
E.
APs.
Question #11
Which of the following are thought to play a role in reducing excessive neurotransmitter release?
A.
dendritic spines
B.
somatic receptors
C.
autoreceptors
D.
dendritic receptors
E.
postsynaptic receptors
Question #12
Which of the following is currently thought to be a valid general principle of synaptic transmission?
A.
Each neurotransmitter acts on only one receptor subtype.
B.
Each neuron releases only one neurotransmitter.
C.
All receptors are in postsynaptic membranes.
D.
All neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft.
E.
none of these
Question #13
There is only one neurotransmitter that is known to be deactivated in the synaptic cleft by enzymatic degradation; this neurotransmitter is
A.
acetylcholine.
B.
norepinephrine.
C.
dopamine.
D.
glutamate.
E.
acetylcholinesterase.
Question #14
The one enzyme whose function is to deactivate a specific neurotransmitter once it has been released into the synapse is
A.
L-dopa.
B.
dopamine.
C.
a G protein.
D.
acetylcholine.
E.
acetylcholinesterase.
Question #15
Neurons recycle
A.
all of these
B.
vesicles that have been integrated into the button membrane during exocytosis.
C.
the breakdown products of neurotransmitter molecules that have been degraded in the synapse by enzymes.
D.
neurotransmitter molecules that have been drawn back into the terminal buttons after being released.
E.
none of these
Question #16
Glial cells have been shown to
A.
conduct signals.
B.
release chemical transmitters.
C.
influence synaptic transmission.
D.
all of these
E.
contain receptors for neurotransmitters.
Question #17
Which is considered to be the most prevalent inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian CNS?
A.
glycine
B.
serotonin
C.
glutamate
D.
GABA
E.
dopamine
Question #18
Which of the following is synthesized directly from tyrosine?
A.
L-dopa
B.
epinephrine
C.
dopamine
D.
GABA
E.
serotonin
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