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Psychology 103 - Physiological Psychology » Spring 2022 » Chapter 9 Quiz 2

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Question #1

Research on the migration in the neural tube of future neocortical neurons indicates that the destinations of migrating neurons are determined by the location and _____________ of their births.

A. experience

B. ease

C. age

D. timing

E. genetics

Question #2

The pattern of migration of future neocortical neurons is referred to as

A. insidious.

B. subventricular.

C. accelerated.

D. ependymal.

E. inside out

Question #3

During the formation of the neural tube, a few cells break off from the neural tube and form a structure that lies just dorsal to the tube. This structure is the neural

A. canal.

B. zone.

C. groove

D. crest.

E. layer.

Question #4

The neural crest develops into the

A. neural tube.

B. cortex.

C. circulatory system of the brain.

D. peripheral nervous system.

E. ventricular system.

Question #5

Cell adhesion molecules are thought to mediate

A. aggregation.

B. differentiation.

C. proliferation.

D. sprouting.

E. cell death.

Question #6

Which of the following are amoebalike in their appearance and movements?

A. growth cones

B. neural cell-adhesion molecules

D. radial glial cells

E. retinal ganglion cells

F. ependymal cells

Question #7

Growth cones extend and retract finger-like cytoplasmic extensions as if they were feeling their way. These extensions are called

A. pseudopodia.

B. adhesion digits.

C. growth cone adhesion digits.

D. filopodia

E. siphons.

Question #8

Sperry’s experiments on eye-rotation in frogs led to an influential hypothesis that explains how growth cones find their way to their targets: the

A. chemoaffinity hypothesis

B. CAM hypothesis

C. radial glial hypothesis.

D. cell-adhesion hypothesis

E. growth cone hypothesis

Question #9

Frogs, unlike mammals, have retinal ganglion cells that are capable of

A. aggregation.

B. color vision.

C. proliferation.

D. degeneration.

E. regeneration.

Question #10

In frogs, salamanders, and other simple vertebrates, retinal ganglion cells project primarily to the

A. tegmentum.

B. visual cortex.

C. cerebellum.

D. tectum.

E. thalamus.

Question #11

In Sperry’s classic studies of eye rotation and regeneration of the optic nerves, he assessed the visual capacities of frogs by assessing their ability to

A. solve maze problems

C. perform a visual discrimination task

D. strike accurately at fly-like stimuli

E. identify colors.

F. detect the presence of dim lights

Question #12

The first growth cone of a developing tract to reach the target is called a __________ growth cone.

A. early

B. quick

C. premier

D. fast

E. pioneer

Question #13

Only those growth cones that are not pioneer growth cones can normally find their way to their targets by

A. fasciculation

B. topographic gradients

C. blueprints

D. stopping and asking for directions

E. chemoaffinity

Question #14

If an optic nerve of a mature frog is transected and half of the associated retina is destroyed,

A. half of the optic tectum degenerates

B. the destroyed retina regenerates and then axons grow out from the complete retina and innervate the optic tectum in the species-typical fashion.

C. the axons grow out from the retinal ganglion cells in the remaining half of the retina to their original targets on the optic tectum.

D. the axons grow out from the retinal ganglion cells in the remaining half of the retina to targets systematically distributed over the entire optic tectum.

Question #15

In support of the topographic-gradient hypothesis, it has been shown that

A. axons do not grow out from the retinas until their target structures (e.g., optic tectums) are fully grown.

B. axons do not grow out from the retinas until the retinas are fully grown, which is why babies have disproportionately large eyes.

C. retinas and optic tectums always grow in precise proportion to one another.

D. the synaptic connections originally formed by retinal ganglion cells on the optic tectums gradually shift as both the eyes and optic tectums grow at different rates during development.

Question #16

Synaptogenesis seems to depend on the presence of

A. growth cones

B. guidance molecules

C. neurons

D. pioneer cones

E. astrocytes

Question #17

When it comes to synaptogenesis, neurons display a substantial degree of

A. monogamy

B. promiscuity.

C. faithfulness

D. specificity

E. inertia.

Question #18

In vitro, neurons will form synapses

A. only with neurons of the same type.

B. only with their correct targets.

C. only with glial cells

D. only with the correct glial cells.

E. with almost any neuron.

Question #19

Neuron death

A. is a stage of normal early neural development

B. is a common, but unfortunate, consequence of accidental exposure to neural gradients.

C. is always followed by regeneration.

D. is rare in healthy humans until after puberty

E. starts to occur in humans around the age of 50.

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