Sociology 001 - Introduction to Sociology » Summer 2022 » First Exam
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Question #1
The sociologist responsible for suggesting the connection between history and biography to explain the sociological imagination was?
A.
Emille Durkheim
B.
Herbert Spencer
C.
C. Wright Mills
D.
Talcott Parsons
Question #2
Karl Marx believed that ________ was the central force for social change, while Max Weber believed that ________ was the force most responsible for social change.
A.
economics; religion
B.
religion; education
C.
government; economics
D.
education; political stability
Question #3
Mark views society as a system of interrelated parts, while John views society as composed of groups competing for scarce resources. Mark would be considered a(n) ________ and John would be seen as a(n) ________.
A.
symbolic interactionist; functionalist
B.
functionalist; conflict theorist
C.
basic sociologist; applied sociologist
D.
applied sociologist; functionalist
Question #4
Which groups of social theorists would focus most on macro-level analysis when examining patterns of society?
A.
conflict theorists and structural functionalists
B.
conflict theorists and symbolic interactionists
C.
symbolic interactionists and structural functionalists
D.
symbolic interactionists and conflict theorists
Question #5
Which sociological perspectives are best to use in developing an accurate understanding of society?
A.
symbolic interactionism and the conflict perspective
B.
No single perspective is best, so all three must be utilized.
C.
structural functionalism and the conflict perspective
D.
symbolic interactionism and structural functionalism
Question #6
According to symbolic interactionists, the deciding factor that determines if change in society is good or bad requires
A.
an understanding of who may have been victimized by the change
B.
an understanding of who may have benefited from the change
C.
a framework or context from which to view the meaning of the change
D.
a macroanalytical focus of the extent and duration of the change
Question #7
In his study of suicide, Emile Durkheim, was primarily concerned with
A.
suicide rates and how they varied from country to country.
B.
the means people used to take their own life.
C.
personalities of individual suicide victims.
D.
the location of the suicide.
Question #8
The titles Karl Marx used to describe the two classes in society were the ________ and the ________.
A.
bourgeoisie; proletariat
B.
nobles; peasants
C.
upper class; lower class
D.
civilized; barbarians
Question #9
Which of the following would not be a macro approach to research?
A.
the military
B.
doctor-patient relationships
C.
race relations
D.
multinational corporations
Question #10
Which of the following statements is the best example of a hypothesis?
A.
"Unemployed men are more likely to commit spousal abuse than employed men."
B.
"All men are created equal."
C.
"More than 300 million people live in the United States."
D.
"A penny saved is a penny earned."
Question #11
A disadvantage of the interview format is that:
A.
it does not permit follow-up questions
B.
the subject’s answers cannot be clarified
C.
the researcher may inadvertently influence the subject
D.
the questionnaire is less likely to be completed than with a mail survey
Question #12
What characteristic of random sampling ensures representativeness?
A.
Everyone has an equal chance of being selected.
B.
Underrepresented elements are ignored.
C.
Few groups are represented in the sample.
D.
No chances are equal.
Question #13
The universe of people who have the characteristics that a researcher wants to study is the:
A.
sample
B.
case
C.
population
D.
elements
Question #14
The feeling of trust that researchers establish with their respondents is referred to as ________.
A.
confidentiality
B.
rapport
C.
commitment
D.
empathy
Question #15
When subjects of research differ from their typical behavior because they realize that they are under observation, it is known as
A.
a spurious effect
B.
cross tabulation
C.
the Hawthorne Effect
D.
a statistical error
Question #16
There is a high correlation between the number of Americans who pay income tax in the month of April and the number of swimsuits sold. Which of the following statements is the best description of this relationship?
A.
It is classified as a null hypothesis.
B.
It is a cause-and-effect relationship.
C.
It is an indirect relationship.
D.
It is a spurious relationship.
Question #17
Which of the following is not considered secondary data?
A.
Participation in an experiment.
B.
Crime statistics
C.
Data from the U.S. Census Bureau
D.
Data from previous studies.
Question #18
Using language, personal names or even jokes are examples of
A.
normative violations.
B.
sanctions.
C.
subcultures.
D.
cultural universals.
Question #19
Sociologists use the concept of "norms" to describe
A.
expectations or rules of behavior that develop from values
B.
ideas about what is true or false
C.
expressions of disapproval for violating socially acceptable behavior
D.
standards by which people define what is socially desirable
Question #20
All of the following statements are examples of countercultures, EXCEPT for which one?
A.
individuals advocating the legalization of prostitution
B.
bikers in an outlaw motorcycle club
C.
gang members operating in the San Quentin prison
D.
Chicago Cubs fans
Question #21
India is one of a number of societies where arranged marriages have been common but are now experiencing a growing number of people who see "love" marriages as a better option. The practice of Indians looking negatively at such long-held traditions in their culture is known as:
A.
cultural relativism
B.
non-material culture
C.
xenocentrism
D.
ethnocentrism
Question #22
On the first day of a summer school class, you walk into your classroom and discover that the teacher is sitting on the floor, playing a guitar, and wearing a tuxedo. This behavior violates
A.
folkways
B.
mores
C.
sanctions
D.
laws
Question #23
Without language, human culture would
A.
focus more on plans and actions instead of talk
B.
be little more advanced than lower primates
C.
have to become totally dependent upon memory
D.
live in the past and have no concept of the future
Question #24
While vacationing in Great Britain, you discover that the British drive on the “wrong” side of the road, speak an “absurd” accent, and use a “silly-looking” currency. Your attitudes are an expression of
A.
ethnocentrism
B.
xenocentrism
C.
value contradictions
D.
cultural relativism
Question #25
A position in society that cuts across other statuses a person holds, such as being a high-ranking Army officer, a college president, or a handicapped Olympian, would be considered that person’s ________.
A.
social status
B.
ascribed status
C.
master status
D.
status set
Question #26
In researching a problem, use of the scientific method will ensure
A.
that any hypothesis will be confirmed
B.
than any perspective has merit.
C.
that one’s theoretical perspective will be confirmed
D.
maximum objectivity and consistency
Question #27
Norms are
A.
collective conceptions of what is considered good or bad, desirable or undesirable, and proper or improper in a culture
B.
established standards of behavior maintained by a society
C.
beliefs about the existence of a supreme being
D.
specialized language used by members of a subculture
Question #28
Which of the following in not an example of a sanction?
A.
Capital punishment
B.
Violating traffic laws
C.
Speeding ticket
D.
Getting an A on the final
Question #29
Which of the societal types did the introduction of power driven machinery take place?
A.
feudal
B.
agricultural
C.
hunting and gathering
D.
industrial
Question #30
According to Max Weber, what was critical in the development of capitalism?
A.
Ending socialism.
B.
Ending feudalism
C.
The Protestant Work Ethnic
D.
The development of sociology as a scientific discipline.
Question #31
Which of the following represents an achieved status?
A.
being a high school drop-out
B.
acting like your mother when she was your age
C.
having a prescribed sex (male or female)
D.
knowing your particular ethnic descent
Question #32
Which of the following is not an ascribed master status?
A.
lawyer
B.
race
C.
age
D.
gender
Question #33
The idea of sociologists being encouraged to keep their personal biases out of their sociological work is referred to as _______ and was developed by _______?
A.
the sociological imagination/C. Wright Mills
B.
value-free sociology/Max Weber
C.
class conflict/Karl Marx
D.
mechanical solidarity/Emile Durkheim
Question #34
In researching a problem, use of the scientific method will ensure
A.
maximum objectivity and consistency
B.
that one’s theoretical perspective will be confirmed
C.
that any hypothesis will be confirmed
D.
really, nothing at all.
Question #35
Which early social philosopher feared that France’s stability had been permanently impaired by the excesses of the French revolution, and hoped that the systematic study of social behavior would eventually lead to more rational human interactions, and furthermore, is considered the founder of sociology.
A.
Herbart Spencer
B.
Aguste Comte
C.
Karl Marx
D.
Harriet Martineau
Question #36
Sandra feel that her close friends see her as being unattractive: consequently, she internalizes that view and uses a heavy dose of makeup whenever she goes outside. This internalization and her reaction to it is known as:
A.
The Looking-Glass Self
B.
self-hatred
C.
The Game Stage
D.
Unfair labeling
Question #37
Which of the following would best describe an instance of role strain?
A.
A surgeon is operating on her own daughter.
B.
A student is expected to take exams in two different classes on the same day.
C.
A student is assigned to work extra holiday hours that conflict with her class schedule.
D.
Being a close friend of your boss.
Question #38
Which of the following is not associated with the development of the functionalist perspective?
A.
Karl Marx and W.E.B. DuBois
B.
Emile Durkheim
C.
Charles H Cooley
D.
Robert Merton
Question #39
Cultural relativism can be a:
A.
symbol
B.
partial cure for ethnocentrism
C.
cultural universal
D.
material object
Question #40
During finals week, many students will experience ______ ______ because of working full-time jobs and having several classes.
A.
role conflict
B.
role strain
C.
role ambiguity
D.
role consensus
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