Arcadia Bandini – Stearns was one of them. They were Mexican women who had come to California as the wives of soldiers, banished convicts, or Mexican landholders. Several American men entered Mexican elite society by marrying these women of elite families. These women were able to keep the advantages the Mexican law gave them, but after California became a state in 1850 they started loosing them. As a result, their land was transferred to their American husbands.

One of the first Native American women to publish traditional stories. Her writing was full of imagery and emotion and often described the white oppression of Native Americans. She became a schoolteacher at the Pennsylvania Carlisle Indian Industrial School, but she had to leave because her criticism of the Indian boarding school experience and the practice of removing native children from their homes was not tolerated by its founder, Henry Platt. She also lobbied for the Indian Citizenship Act of 1924.

A nurse and educator, she opened in 1916 the first birth control clinic in the United States (illegal at the time). Her arrest and conviction led to a court ruling said that physicians could prescribe contraceptives to women for medical reasons. Her clinic eventually became the Planned Parenthood Federation of America.

U.S. Supreme court decision supporting the legality of Jim Crow laws that permitted or required “separate but equal” facilities for blacks and whites.

Journalist, editor, and activist who led an anti-lynching crusade in the United States in the 1890s. She was also an active fighter for black woman suffrage.

Native Americans in reservations and their kids in boarding schools were subjected in intense pressure to assimilate. The before and after pictures were taken to illustrate the success of this process.

This woman suffrage organization was founded by Stanton and Anthony and refused to support the 15th Amendment unless it enfranchised women. Its members chose to work at the national level for an all-inclusive suffrage amendment. They thought that state-by-state progress would be difficult and long.

This woman suffrage organization was founded by Stone and Blackwell and supported the 15th Amendment. Its members thought that woman suffrage was best achieved in state level.

The two woman suffrage organizations above merged in 1890 and created a new one. The new organization combined both of their techniques, securing the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 through a series of well-orchestrated state campaigns under the dynamic direction of Carrie Chapman Catt.

Term that entered the lexicon in the early 20th century to describe the movement for full equality for women, in political, social, and personal life.

“Buying and selling, serving and being served — women. On every floor, in every aisle, at every counter, women...At every cashier’s desk, and the wrappers’ desks, running back and forth with parcels and change, short-skirted women. Filling the aisles, passing and repassing, a constantly arriving and departing throng of shoppers, women. Simply a moving, seeking, hurrying mass of femininity, in the midst of which an occasional man shopper, man clerk, and man supervisor, looks lost and out of place.” Hampton’s Magazine, 1910 This place is the reason women were allowed in public, especially middle class women who before used to go everywhere with a chaperone.

The ideological core of women’s reform efforts during the Progressive era that “exalted women's capacities to mother and extended to society as a whole the values of care, nurturance and morality” and intended to improve the quality of life of women and children.

Hull House was the most influential of many in this movement, established in Chicago by Jane Addams. They provided support services to the urban poor and European immigrants. They addressed many Progressive Era concerns: education (with adult classes, kindergartens, and vocational training); citizenship; recreation (concerts, gyms, playgrounds, art and craft classes) ; health (with visiting-nurse networks and health inspections); labor, unions, and working standards; and living conditions (establishing housing codes).

This amendment states that “equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex” and further that “the Congress shall have the power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article.” BUT, it hasn’t passed yet, almost a century after it was drafted by Alice Paul (1923) as a strategy to eradicate discrimination against women.

The tragic 1911 fire highlights the prevailing feeling in America that the government had to be more responsible for the well-being of the people.

“We hold these truths to be self-evident; that all men and women are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; that to secure these rights governments are instituted, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.” Name the document this excerpt is from.

“We hold these truths to be self-evident; that all men and women are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; that to secure these rights governments are instituted, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.” Where and when was it signed?

“We hold these truths to be self-evident; that all men and women are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; that to secure these rights governments are instituted, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.” After which document was it modelled?