Bio 1010 - General Biology » Summer 2022 » Unit 3 Exam
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Question #1
The vertebrate kidney helps to keep the acidity of the body fluids constant by varying the amount of hydrogen ions (H+) it secretes into the urine. You can confidently predict that this aspect of kidney function will be controlled by ______.
A.
a negative feedback mechanism
B.
nerve impulses from the brain
C.
a hormone ultimately controlled by the brain
D.
a hormone produced in the kidney itself
E.
a positive feedback mechanism
Question #2
Homeostasis ______.
A.
is the maintenance of a constant internal state
B.
only comes into play when you are ill
C.
is the way the internal environment influences the external environment
D.
is a pathological condition
E.
is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment
Question #3
Which of the following is a physiological response that takes place in many animals when they get too hot?
A.
contraction of muscles
B.
increased blood flow to the skin
C.
slowing of the heart rate
D.
constriction of blood vessels in the skin
E.
retention of water
Question #4
If your body is dehydrated, having insufficient fluid levels in the blood, the control center in the brain will stimulate the release of a hormone which will cause water to be reabsorbed into the blood during urine formation. When the control center senses that enough water is reabsorbed, it will stop the release of the hormone. This is an example of
A.
a combination of negative and positive feedback.
B.
a negative feedback mechanism.
C.
lack of control over homeostasis.
D.
a positive feedback mechanism.
E.
response to external stimuli.
Question #5
Both a coronary bypass operation and a stent insertion procedure are treatments used for which of the following conditions?
A.
blockage of a coronary artery
B.
hypertension
C.
heart murmur
D.
anemia
E.
ventricular defibrillation
Question #6
Which of these carry(ies) oxygen-poor blood?
A.
aorta
B.
left atrium
C.
pulmonary veins
D.
left ventricle
E.
pulmonary arteries
Question #7
Blood pressure is lowest in ______.
A.
arterioles
B.
venules
C.
capillaries
D.
veins
E.
arteries
Question #8
You increase your risk of cardiovascular disease by reducing your consumption of ______.
A.
products that are high in cholesterol
B.
tobacco products
C.
red meats
D.
fruits and vegetables
E.
products containing trans fats
Question #9
White blood cells play a particularly important role in ______.
A.
hemoglobin transport
B.
carrying carbon dioxide
C.
carrying oxygen
D.
fighting infections
E.
blood clotting
Question #10
When you examine fluid that you have drawn from a blood vessel, you find that it is relatively high in carbon dioxide and waste products. Assuming that the fluid comes from a healthy individual, you conclude that the blood vessel from which you have drawn blood could have been ______.
A.
a venule
B.
an arteriole
C.
an artery
D.
either an artery or an arteriole
E.
the aorta
Question #11
The basic rhythm of the heartbeat is set by the ______.
A.
bundle of His
B.
Purkinje fibers
C.
AV node
D.
specialized muscle fibers
E.
SA node
Question #12
Why does the left ventricle have a thicker wall than the right ventricle?
A.
A more muscular wall is required to supply the pumping that powers the flow of blood into the systemic circuit.
B.
The position of the heart in the chest cavity allows for the left ventricle to develop a thicker wall than the right ventricle.
C.
The left ventricle contains the pacemaker.
D.
A more muscular wall is required to supply the pumping that powers the flow of blood into the pulmonary circuit.
E.
The left ventricle is responsible for systole, while the right ventricle is responsible for diastole.
Question #13
Why do diseases involving widespread infection usually result in a fever?
A.
None of the choices is correct.
B.
The brain's temperature control center responds to inflammation by creating a hot environment unfavorable to microorganisms.
C.
The rapid multiplication of the invading microorganisms results in extra heat production.
D.
The microorganisms trick the brain's temperature control center into creating a hot environment that favors their growth.
E.
The inflammatory and immune responses result in extra heat production.
Question #14
The transfer of antibodies from breast milk to an infant is an example of ______ immunity.
A.
nonspecific
B.
humoral
C.
cell-mediated
D.
active
E.
passive
Question #15
A new flu vaccine is needed every year because ______.
A.
the immune system "forgets" the vaccine
B.
not everybody got a flu shot last year
C.
we need to replace the vaccine used up last year
D.
new flu strains are regularly evolving
E.
once you have had the flu, you need another vaccination
Question #16
A substance that can elicit an immune response is called a(n) ______.
A.
histamine
B.
antibody
C.
antigen
D.
interferon
E.
complement
Question #17
Which of the following cell types are the main warriors of cell-mediated immunity?
A.
macrophages
B.
B cells
C.
helper T cells
D.
cytotoxic T cells
E.
basophils
Question #18
Where in a woman's reproductive tract does fertilization most often take place?
A.
in the lower part of the oviduct
B.
in the vagina
C.
in the upper part of the oviduct
D.
in the uterus
E.
in the ovary
Question #19
What moves the human egg through the oviduct?
A.
rhythmic contractions of the uterus
B.
the beating of the egg's flagella
C.
the beating of cilia in the oviduct
D.
the beating of the egg's cilia
E.
rhythmic contractions of the oviduct
Question #20
A birth control pill works by
A.
inhibiting FSH and LH production.
B.
making the woman's reproductive tract toxic to sperm.
C.
stimulating FSH and LH production.
D.
immunizing the woman against human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
E.
destroying the endometrium.
Question #21
Menstruation ______.
A.
is triggered by an increase in the levels of estrogen and progesterone
B.
involves shedding of the endometrium
C.
is stimulated by HCG
D.
occurs after ovulation but prior to degeneration of the follicle
E.
is triggered by an LH surge
Question #22
Homeostasis maintains various levels within a narrow range only if environmental conditions do not fluctuate much.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #23
The relaxing phase of the heart cycle is called systole.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #24
In our hearts the left and right atria contract at the same time.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #25
Antibody-mediated immunity involves the action of T lymphocytes.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #26
The use of a male or female condom during sexual activity reduces the risk of the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases.
A.
True
B.
False
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