Astro 110 - The Solar System » Fall 2019 » Quiz

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Question #1
Newton concluded that some force had to act on the moon because
A.   a force is needed to pull the moon outward.
B.   a force is needed to pull the moon away from straight-line motion.
C.   All of these.
D.   the moon moved at a constant velocity.
E.   a force is needed to keep the moon from coming to a stop.
Question #2
Which of the following would cause the force on the Moon by the Earth to increase by the largest amount?
A.   All of the changes listed would cause the same increase in the force.
B.   double the mass of the Moon.
C.   move the moon two times closer to Earth.
D.   double the mass of Earth.
E.   None of the changes listed could cause the force to increase.
Question #3
If the distance between the Earth and Sun were cut in half, the gravitational force between these two objects would:
A.   decrease by 2
B.   decrease by 4
C.   increase by 4
D.   increase by 2
Question #4
What force holds planets in their orbits?
A.   Electromagnetic
B.   Friction
C.   Air resistance
D.   Gravity
Question #5
Astronauts orbiting Earth in the space shuttle feel weightless in space because:
A.   the added gravitational pull of the Moon balances the Earth’s gravitational pull
B.   they are in constant free fall around the Earth
C.   they are farther away from the Earth
D.   they eat less food while in orbit
Question #6
Newton’s first law states that objects in motion:
A.   eventually come to rest
B.   experience an unbalanced force
C.   stay in motion
D.   experience a nonzero acceleration
Question #7
Gravity holds planets in orbit.
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #8
Who wrote the equation for the law of gravitation?
A.   Newton
B.   Kepler
C.   Copernicus
D.   Brahe
E.   Galileo
Question #9
What was the most important contribution of Newton to the development of astronomy?
A.   Newton showed that the astronomical phenomena can be explained using only basic physics and mathematics.
B.   Newton invented the telescope.
C.   Newton was the first to observe the sky through a telescope.
D.   Newton showed that planetary orbits are ellipses, with each planet moving fastest when closest to the Sun.

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