Astro 110 - The Solar System » Fall 2019 » Quiz

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Question #1
Newton concluded that some force had to act on the moon because
A.   a force is needed to keep the moon from coming to a stop.
B.   All of these.
C.   a force is needed to pull the moon outward.
D.   the moon moved at a constant velocity.
E.   a force is needed to pull the moon away from straight-line motion.
Question #2
Which of the following would cause the force on the Moon by the Earth to increase by the largest amount?
A.   double the mass of the Moon.
B.   None of the changes listed could cause the force to increase.
C.   All of the changes listed would cause the same increase in the force.
D.   double the mass of Earth.
E.   move the moon two times closer to Earth.
Question #3
If the distance between the Earth and Sun were cut in half, the gravitational force between these two objects would:
A.   decrease by 2
B.   decrease by 4
C.   increase by 4
D.   increase by 2
Question #4
What force holds planets in their orbits?
A.   Electromagnetic
B.   Friction
C.   Gravity
D.   Air resistance
Question #5
Astronauts orbiting Earth in the space shuttle feel weightless in space because:
A.   they eat less food while in orbit
B.   the added gravitational pull of the Moon balances the Earth’s gravitational pull
C.   they are farther away from the Earth
D.   they are in constant free fall around the Earth
Question #6
Newton’s first law states that objects in motion:
A.   experience a nonzero acceleration
B.   experience an unbalanced force
C.   stay in motion
D.   eventually come to rest
Question #7
Gravity holds planets in orbit.
A.   TRUE
B.   FALSE
Question #8
Who wrote the equation for the law of gravitation?
A.   Copernicus
B.   Kepler
C.   Galileo
D.   Brahe
E.   Newton
Question #9
What was the most important contribution of Newton to the development of astronomy?
A.   Newton showed that the astronomical phenomena can be explained using only basic physics and mathematics.
B.   Newton was the first to observe the sky through a telescope.
C.   Newton invented the telescope.
D.   Newton showed that planetary orbits are ellipses, with each planet moving fastest when closest to the Sun.

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