Soc 101 - Introduction to Sociology » Summer 2022 » Chapter 20 iRAT

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Question #1
Anil has noticed that infertility has been affecting many of his intergenerational friends and family. Based on this observation, Anil is writing his senior thesis on the effects that certain cities, water quality, and hormones might have on his friends. Anil will most likely approach his findings and paper using which theory?
A.   Demographic transition theory
B.   Cornucopian theory
C.   Malthusian theory
D.   Zero population growth theory
Question #2
Melissa has been working to develop drought-resistance seeds that require little water to grow and which produce grain. She wants to send these to arid parts of the world, where conventional grain is not easy (or even impossible) to grow to improve nutrition for the people in those countries. In sociological terms, Melissa most likely ascribes to:
A.   Zero population growth theory
B.   Cornucopian theory
C.   Demographic transition theory
D.   Malthusian theory
Question #3
In 2013, the number of refugees, asylum-seekers, and internally displaced people worldwide exceeded ______ people for the first time since the end of World War II.
A.   90 million
B.   100 million
C.   45 million
D.   50 million
Question #4
What type of nations are the greatest sources of greenhouse gases?
A.   Peripheral
B.   Postindustrial
C.   Core
D.   Semi-peripheral
Question #5
Why do we have two words for a big city: metropolis and megalopolis?
A.   A metropolis has less than 2 million people, while a megalopolis has more than 5 million people.
B.   A metropolis is just one city while a megalopolis includes many different cities.
C.   A metropolis is characterized by the presence of a subway, while a megalopolis is characterized by a public bus system.
D.   A metropolis only has domestic airports while a megalopolis has international airports.
Question #6
What is one way the people of the United States, and the world, are reaching and abusing the Earth’s carrying capacity?
A.   We eat animals when we should really only eat plants which are much more renewable. 
B.   We spend money ejecting trash into outer space.
C.   We show little concern about contaminating water with our garbage and waste.
D.   We hoard too much in our homes.
E.   We have created parks and protected forested areas, sometimes in vain. 
Question #7
Why has e-waste become an issue, especially in the 21st century?
A.   E-waste is a sign of degrading cultural values. People no longer value creating lasting products or getting products fixed; they would much rather just buy a new one and discard the old one.
B.   E-waste is a natural by-product of an industrialized nation and cannot be helped. People must resign themselves to its presence and find better ways of purifying water, soil, and air. 
C.   E-waste is not easily recyclable because often in the same machine there is glass, plastic, and metal. Also e-waste tends to consist of big, heavy machinery that is difficult to dispose of properly.
D.   E-waste not only contains harmful chemicals, but electronics become obsolete every six months or so, which means, every six months people are throwing away perfectly good electronics in order to get the newest one. This has led to an enormous increase in the amount of trash people produce.
Question #8
“Climate change” is a less politicized phrase that has replaced:
A.   Water waste
B.   Recycling
C.   Global warming
D.   Pollution
E.   Weather prediction
Question #9
Josh sits in his kitchen in the city projects trying to sip his coffee while inhaling the nauseating fumes wafting from the town dump that was relocated to within a mile of his home. He desperately wishes he could move, but he works two jobs just to make ends meet for his family. Josh lives in the poorer part of town; the part that is greatly overlooked by local government officials. What might a sociologist call this phenomenon?
A.   gentrification
B.   environmental racism
C.   urbanization
D.   white flight
Question #10
Which of the following is one of the many concerns with the practice of fracking?
A.   Fracking may cause volcanoes to erupt by undermining the seismic stability of an area.
B.   Fracking includes drilling vertically into the rock to create new pathways for gas to travel.
C.   Fracking requires a huge amount of water.
D.   The chemicals used in a fracking mix create a potentially putrid odor.

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