Sociology 001 - Introduction to Sociology » Summer 2022 » Exam 3

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Question #1
Which of the following is not a system of stratification?
A.   class
B.   ethnicity
C.   caste
D.   social class
Question #2
A caste system, such as the religious one in India is an example of
A.   upward social mobility
B.   social class
C.   social stratification
D.   structural mobility
Question #3
What is one of the most significant ways of distinguishing social classes?
A.   income
B.   sports
C.   family background
D.   amount of wealth
Question #4
The Davis-Moore Thesis
A.   was eventually disproven
B.   was an interactionist attempt to explain stratification.
C.   was embraced by conflict theorists
D.   was an early functionalist attempt to explain why stratification exists.
Question #5
What is not true about "open" and "closed" systems of stratification?
A.   Membership in closed systems is based on achieved statuses.
B.   Class is an example of an open system.
C.   Social mobility is possible in open systems.
D.   Caste is an example of a closed system
Question #6
Occasionally societal changes enable a whole group of people to move up or down the social class ladder. This is known as:
A.   intergenerational mobility
B.   downward social mobility
C.   horizontal social mobility
D.   structural mobility
Question #7
According to one model of global stratification, countries are separated into more or less developed groups.
A.   Many coutries in central Africa are more developed nations.
B.   Japan is an example of a more-developed nation.
C.   The United States is now a less-developed country.
D.   Canada is an example of a less developed nation.
Question #8
According to modern conflict theory
A.   The top two-thirds of Americans earn about two-thirds of the income.
B.   Different positions in society make different levels of contributions to the well-being and preservation of society.
C.   Social inequality emerges through the domination of one or more groups by other groups.
D.   Filling the more complex and important positions in society often requires talent that is scarce and has a long period of training.
Question #9
Modernization theory posits that countries go through evolutionary stages and that industrialization and improved technology are the keys to forward movement. This is an example of
A.   a conflict approach to inequality.
B.   One of the theoretical perspectives on global stratification.
C.   well-developed dependency theory.
D.   a well-developed funtionalist approach to global inequality.
Question #10
Which of the following is not true regarding The Estate System?
A.   It is not an example of a stratified system.
B.   Is similar to a caste system, but not as extreme.
C.   It is closed system of stratification in which a person’s social position is defined by law, and membership is determined primarily by inheritance.
D.   It is a segment of a society that has legally established rights and duties.
Question #11
Which of the following characteristics is most associated with the class system?
A.   class distinction for life based on ascription
B.   movement up and down the class ladder
C.   ownership of one group of people by another
D.   enforced norms of endogamy
Question #12
The meaning of race:
A.   is based on biological factors only
B.   is entirely dependent upon fixed biological characteristics
C.   tends to be quite similar in all cultures
D.   varies, depending upon the society in which its meaning is constructed
Question #13
The form of slavery that existed in the U.S. is known as
A.   chattel slavery
B.   indebted servitude
C.   child slavery
D.   peonage
Question #14
One characteristic of assimilation is
A.   the deliberate extermination of a racial or ethnic group
B.   The act, process, or state of being set apart
C.   Implies a hostility to existing inequalities
D.   Transfer of culture from one group to another
Question #15
According to current scientific understanding, when do individuals usually become aware of their sexual orientation?
A.   between middlechildhood and early adolescence
B.   during teenage years
C.   about the age of three
D.   not until adulthood
Question #16
What is the Supreme Court case that ended legal segregation in the U.S.?
A.   Plessy v Ferguson
B.   Loving v Virginia
C.   Bailey v. Patterson
D.   Brown v Board of Education
Question #17
Which of the following was depicted in The Loving Story?
A.   The ACLU took the Loving case to the Virginia Supreme Court, where the Court invalidated the Virginia anti-miscegenation statute in 1965.
B.   The ACLU took the Loving case to the U.S. Supreme Court, where the Court invalidated all anti-miscegenation laws in 1967.
C.   Because of social pressure, the couple divorced.
D.   Richard and Mildred Loving found very little support from whites.
Question #18
Which one of the following points, made in the film Skin, provided strong support for the social constructive nature of racial classifications?
A.   Sandra Laing was black and her parents were white.
B.   Sandra Laing’s race “changed” several times.
C.   Sandra Laing was really white.
D.   Both Sandra Laing and her parents were really black.
Question #19
Statements such as “Asians are good at math, whites are prejudice, and blacks love Kool-Aid” are examples of :
A.   good jokes
B.   stereotype
C.   discrimination
D.   prejudice
Question #20
James works as a bouncer at a local night club. He has been instructed by the owner to limit the number of Hispanics allowed into the club, even though he himself has nothing against Hispanics. His actions nonetheless would be considered an example of
A.   prejudice non-discrimination
B.   non-prejudice non-discrimination
C.   prejudice discrimination
D.   non-prejudice discrimination
Question #21
Stereotypes are oversimplified generalizations about groups of people that do not take individual differences into account. Stereotypes then are
A.   almost always accurate statements.
B.   false by definition; there are always exceptions to the generalizations.
C.   sometimes true
D.   usually true
Question #22
A job requirement that requires a minimum height, yet such a requirement isn't required to carry out the duties of the job
A.   would be an example of instutuional discrimination against groups , such as women, who on average, may not meet the requirement.
B.   could be seen as an example of unintended individualistic discrimination.
C.   could be seen as racial profiling.
D.   is not an example of institutional discrimination.
Question #23
Which of the following statements regarding minority groups is true?
A.   "Minority groups" are not seen as synonomous with "subordinate" groups.
B.   They wield the political power in a society.
C.   Sociologists use term "subordinate groups" instead of "minority."
D.   "Majorit"y groups are the same as subordinate groups
Question #24
What is the relationship between births to single women and their level of education?
A.   There is no relationship between the level of education and births to single women.
B.   the lower the level of education, the fewer births to single women
C.   the greater the level of education, the more births to single women
D.   the greater the level of education, the fewer births to single women
Question #25
Most sociologists believe that gender differences in behavior between men and women are, for the most part_______.
A.   genetically determined
B.   philosophical
C.   inherited
D.   learned
Question #26
Which of the following statements best describes how most sociologists believe behavioral gender differences develop between men and women?
A.   Gender differences are the result of biological differences.
B.   Gender differences are based on social factors
C.   Gender differences are based on genetic dispositions.
D.   Gender differences are based on physiological differences.
Question #27
The belief that women deserve the same opportunities as men is in line with
A.   the functionalist approach to sexism
B.   sexism
C.   feminism
D.   the glass ceiling
Question #28
The way in which minority groups are burdened with a disproportionate number of hazards, including toxic waste facilities, garbage dumps and environmental pollution is known as
A.   unintentional institutional discrimination
B.   intentional discrimination
C.   accidental discrimination
D.   environmental racism
Question #29
Because of the cost of medical school, poorer students are less likely to become doctors than higher status students. Which theorists would be more likely to examine how this trend impacts social stratification in the U.S.?
A.   functionalists theorists
B.   conflict theorists
C.   none
D.   symbolic interactionists
Question #30
The slaughtering of the Tutsis by the Hutus in Rwanda in 1994 and the massacre of Muslims hands of the Serbs in Bosnia are examples of :
A.   population transfer
B.   subjugation
C.   forced assimilation
D.   genocide
Question #31
Today, in the workplace women earn
A.   about the same as men in the workplace.
B.   earn half as much as their male counterparts.
C.   about 77 cents for every dollar men earn
D.   more than men on the job
Question #32
What has the Supreme Court ruled regarding the treatment of homosexuals in the workplace and sexual harassment?
A.   Sexual harassment laws apply to homosexuals who are harassed by heterosexuals or other homosexuals on the job.
B.   Homosexuals can only file claims of sexual harassment if the aggressor was also a homosexual.
C.   Sexual desire is a fundamental requirement for a sexual harassment charge to be valid
D.   Homosexuals are not a protected class and therefore are not covered by sexual harassment laws.
Question #33
Many people of color believe that the fact that Kyle Rittenhouse, the young white man who was exonerated for the killing of two men during the Black Lives Matter protests in 2020, was able to walk in clear view of numerous law enforcement officers without being stopped or questioned about the assault gun he was carrying, is in fact a glaring example of:
A.   white privilege
B.   poor police work
C.   reverse discrimination
D.   prejudice discrimination
Question #34
Gender refers to :
A.   people’s sexual orientation
B.   The degree of inequality between men and women in a society
C.   The personal traits and social positions that members of a society attach to being a male or female.
D.   The secondary sex characteristics of men and women
Question #35
The benefits people receive simply by being part of the dominant group
A.   is preferential treatment
B.   doesn't exist
C.   is rerely seen
D.   is known as white privilege
Question #36
What is one difference between "sex" and "gender?"
A.   Sex is never ambiguous but gender always is ambiguous.
B.   Sex is biologically determined and gender is socially constructed.
C.   There are no differences between the two.
D.   Sex is a social construct and gender is a biological construct.
Question #37
  
A.   feminist theory
B.   Symbolic Interactionism
C.   conflict theory
D.   functionalism

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