MOA 191 - Intro to Public Health » Summer 2022 » Final Exam
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Question #1
Actions that society takes collectively to ensure that the conditions in which people can be healthy can occur is termed:
A.
community health.
B.
public health.
C.
health.
D.
population health.
Question #2
Choosing to eat wisely, wearing a seat belt, and visiting the physician are examples of community/public health activities.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #3
Healthcare delivery is a twenty-first-century public health concern.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #4
Individuals with lower socioeconomic status have poorer health status.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #5
Physical factors affecting community health include geography, community size, and industrial development.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #6
The beginning of government's major involvement in social issues, including health, was marked by:
A.
the Hill-Burton Act in 1946.
B.
the establishment of Medicare in 1965.
C.
U.S. involvement in World War II.
D.
the Social Security Act of 1935.
Question #7
The first professional preparation program for health educators began during which period of the twentieth century?
A.
Reform phase
B.
The 1920s
C.
Period of social engineering
D.
World War II
Question #8
The goal of the Hill-Burton Act in 1946 was to enhance the quality of:
A.
hospitals.
B.
the military.
C.
health departments.
D.
Medicare.
Question #9
The leading causes of death in the United States today are communicable diseases.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #10
There has been no evidence of community health activities dating back over 1,000 years.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #11
The Shattuck report marked the beginning of the:
A.
health resource development period.
B.
implementation of Healthy People 2030 efforts.
C.
modern era of public health.
D.
eighteenth century.
Question #12
Twenty-first century community health concerns include:
A.
lifestyle diseases.
B.
healthcare delivery.
C.
environmental problems.
D.
All of these are correct.
Question #13
Upton Sinclair's book The Jungle drew attention to the plight of immigrants in the meatpacking industry.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #14
Agencies that are funded primarily through tax dollars are referred to as:
A.
philanthropic foundations.
B.
professional associations.
C.
governmental agencies.
D.
voluntary agencies.
Question #15
An example of a quasi-governmental health organization is:
A.
the National Science Foundation.
B.
the National Institutes of Health.
C.
a county health department.
D.
the American Cancer Society.
Question #16
Highly organized and developed resources in our national institutions and organizations can be a hindrance for communities to respond effectively to their own problems.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #17
Historically, communities have always taken aggressive actions to deal with health issues.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #18
Local health departments are responsible for restaurant inspections.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #19
Nongovernmental health agencies are funded primarily by:
A.
tax dollars.
B.
fees for services.
C.
private donations.
D.
grants from the state health department.
Question #20
One of the World Health Organization's most noteworthy achievements was helping to eradicate smallpox.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #21
Philanthropic foundations spend most of their efforts on fundraising.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #22
Raising money to fund their programs, providing education, providing service to those affected, and advocating are the basic objectives of:
A.
professional health organizations.
B.
social, service, and religious organizations.
C.
philanthropic foundations.
D.
voluntary health agencies.
Question #23
The contributions of religious groups to community health have been:
A.
minimal.
B.
substantial.
C.
expensive.
D.
relatively ineffective in the past 100 years.
Question #24
The Department of Health and Human Services is the only entity under the federal government that plays a role in our nation's health.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #25
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is an institute under the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
A.
False
B.
True
Question #26
The power to arrest someone who refuses to undergo treatment for a communicable disease lies with a:
A.
scientist within the NIH.
B.
local health officer.
C.
community health nurse.
D.
member of the local board of health.
Question #27
Voluntary health agencies were created in Europe.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #28
Which agency maintains records, analyzes disease trends, and publishes epidemiological reports on all types of diseases?
A.
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
B.
Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)
C.
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)
D.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Question #29
A disease that lasts 3 months or less is a chronic disease.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #30
An attack rate is an incidence rate calculated for a particular population for a single disease outbreak and is expressed as a percentage.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #31
An epidemic curve depicting a distribution of cases traceable to multiple sources of exposure is a:
A.
propagated epidemic curve.
B.
descriptive study.
C.
case control study.
D.
point source epidemic curve.
Question #32
An unexpectedly large number of cases of an illness, specific health-related behavior, or other health-related event in a particular population is defined as a pandemic.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #33
A primary care physician is concerned with the course of a disease in an individual, whereas an epidemiologist is concerned with the course of disease in a population.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #34
Sometimes notifiable diseases are not reported to the local health department because patients recover without a diagnosis being confirmed.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #35
Studies that seek to describe the extent of disease in regard to person, time, and place are:
A.
descriptive studies.
B.
case/control studies.
C.
observational studies.
D.
analytic studies.
Question #36
A.
True
B.
False
Question #37
The number of events that occur in a given population in a given period of time is a:
A.
pandemic.
B.
rate.
C.
case.
D.
notifiable disease.
Question #38
The number of years of healthy life expected, on average, in a given population is the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).
A.
False
B.
True
Question #39
The rate of an illness in a population is the natality rate.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #40
When using criteria of causation, the criterion that addresses the issue of whether the association has been reported in a variety of people, has been exposed in a variety of settings, and can have repeatable results by other researchers is:
A.
temporality.
B.
strength.
C.
specificity.
D.
consistency.
Question #41
An infant death is the death of a child younger than:
A.
2 months.
B.
1 year.
C.
2 years.
D.
6 months.
Question #42
Approximately one-half of pregnancies in the United States are unintended.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #43
A teenage mother is at greater risk for pregnancy complications than a mother older than 20 years of age.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #44
Groups at higher risk of unintended pregnancy are:
A.
those living in poverty.
B.
those in a long-standing marriage.
C.
those with advanced education.
D.
older women.
Question #45
Infants born 39 weeks or later are less likely to:
A.
have problems with vision and hearing.
B.
gain adequate weight before delivery.
C.
None of these is correct.
D.
be able to suck and swallow appropriately.
Question #46
Sleeping on the back rather than the stomach greatly increases the risk of SIDS among healthy, full-term infants.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #47
The leading cause of mortality in children is:
A.
unintentional injuries.
B.
None of these is correct.
C.
maltreatment.
D.
infectious diseases.
Question #48
The mortality rates of children have gone down significantly in the past couple of decades.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #49
The neonatal mortality period is death that occurs up to:
A.
1 year after birth.
B.
7 days after birth.
C.
6 months after birth.
D.
28 days after birth.
Question #50
The primary unit in which infants and children are nurtured and supported regarding their healthy development is the:
A.
WIC program.
B.
family.
C.
Maternal and Child Health Bureau.
D.
Children's Defense Fund.
Question #51
The process of determining the preferred number and spacing of children in one's family and choosing the appropriate means to achieve this preference is defined as:
A.
family planning.
B.
infant morbidity.
C.
prenatal care.
D.
maternal health.
Question #52
The United States leads the industrialized world in teen pregnancy and birth rates by a large margin.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #53
Title V is the only federal legislation dedicated to promoting and improving the health of our nation's mothers and children.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #54
Unintended pregnancy is more likely than intended pregnancy to result in early prenatal care.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #55
A critical period in life during which many health-related beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors are adopted and challenged is:
A.
older adulthood.
B.
adulthood.
C.
childhood.
D.
adolescence and young adulthood.
Question #56
Adolescents and young adults are classified as those ages:
A.
12 to 20 years.
B.
10 to 24 years.
C.
18 to 24 years.
D.
12 to 21 years.
Question #57
Adults are categorized as those ages 25 to 64 years.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #58
Mortality during adult years of life is primarily characterized by chronic diseases stemming from poor health behaviors and poor lifestyle choices made during the earlier years of life.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #59
Most of the physical threat to health for adolescents and young adults stems from:
A.
disease.
B.
behavior.
C.
social class.
D.
genetics.
Question #60
Obesity in the United States is considered an epidemic.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #61
Over the last several decades, the death rate for adolescents and young adults has significantly increased.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #62
School connectedness is an example of:
A.
social skills training.
B.
a risk factor.
C.
a protective factor.
D.
None of these is correct.
Question #63
Self-reported behavior risk data on adults is collected through:
A.
Monitoring the Future.
B.
the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.
C.
the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System.
D.
the National College Health Assessment.
Question #64
The diseases that cause considerable morbidity in adolescents and young adults are:
A.
sexually transmitted diseases.
B.
lung diseases.
C.
autoimmune diseases.
D.
heart diseases.
Question #65
The percentage of children younger than 18 living in a single-parent family has been decreasing ever since 1965.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #66
The racial/ethnic group of high school students most likely to report current cigarette usage is:
A.
Asian Americans.
B.
Hispanic Americans.
C.
black Americans.
D.
white Americans.
Question #67
The transition from adolescence to young adulthood is considered to be a relatively easy transition for most.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #68
The two factors affecting community health that need special attention when dealing with health problems of adolescents and young adults are community organizing and physical factors.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #69
The years of life between the ages of 10 and 64 are considered some of the most productive years of people's lives.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #70
A myth of common ancestry is a main feature of:
A.
culture.
B.
None of these is correct.
C.
ethnicity.
D.
race.
Question #71
Asian Americans are generally concentrated in the:
A.
Canadian border states.
B.
southeastern states.
C.
midwestern states.
D.
western states.
Question #72
Black, non-Hispanic Americans have an infant mortality rate that is consistently higher than that of their white counterparts.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #73
For all racial groups, poverty rates are highest for black Americans.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #74
Individuals who migrate from one country to another for the purpose of seeking permanent residence are referred to as:
A.
immigrants.
B.
illegal aliens.
C.
refugees.
D.
aliens.
Question #75
Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) Americans are considered a unique racial group according to the U.S. government and how it defines groups of people.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #76
People of Hawaii, Guam, and Samoa are referred to as:
A.
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islanders.
B.
white Americans.
C.
Asian Americans.
D.
American Indians.
Question #77
People who flee one area or country to seek shelter or protection from danger in another are referred to as:
A.
illegal aliens.
B.
aliens.
C.
immigrants.
D.
refugees.
Question #78
Social determinants of health do not have a significant role in the association of race and ethnicity with health and life expectancy.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #79
The concept of balance related to health and imbalance related to disease is a belief of:
A.
American Indians.
B.
black Americans.
C.
Asian Americans.
D.
Hispanics.
Question #80
The concept that describes how race, class, gender, and other individual characteristics overlap is:
A.
ethnocentrism.
B.
intersectionality.
C.
cultural and linguistic competence.
D.
diversity.
Question #81
The median income for black Americans has consistently ranked lower than all racial and ethnic groups in the United States.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #82
The population with the lowest high school completion rates is:
A.
Hispanic Americans.
B.
white Americans.
C.
black Americans.
D.
Asian Americans.
Question #83
The three types of power associated with empowerment are social, political, and environmental.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #84
Today, the majority of Americans are referred to as white, non-Hispanic.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #85
A condition that occurs when warm air traps cooler air at the surface of the earth is greenhouse gases.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #86
Agents, usually chemicals, that cause cancer are referred to as ozone.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #87
Brown smog is formed primarily by sulfur dioxide and suspended solid particles.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #88
Factors or conditions in the environment that increase the risk of human injury, disease, or death are environmental hazards.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #89
Gases and particulates generated by burning are referred to as combustion by-products.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #90
Most municipal solid waste comes from:
A.
plastics.
B.
yard trimmings.
C.
paper.
D.
glass.
Question #91
Porous, water-saturated layers of underground bedrock, sand, and gravel that can yield economically significant amounts of water are referred to as:
A.
aquifers.
B.
groundwater.
C.
leachates.
D.
surface water.
Question #92
Protecting the public from foodborne disease outbreaks lies solely with local government health agencies.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #93
Solid waste with properties that make it dangerous or potentially harmful to human health or the environment is classified as municipal waste.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #94
The average U.S. resident uses an average of how much water each day?
A.
120 to 150 gallons
B.
5 to 10 gallons
C.
80 to 100 gallons
D.
20 to 40 gallons
Question #95
The EPA regulates the registration and labeling of pesticides.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #96
The most desirable form of integrated waste management is:
A.
reuse.
B.
source reduction.
C.
recycling.
D.
combustion.
Question #97
The practice of establishing and maintaining healthy or hygienic conditions in the environment is:
A.
RCRA.
B.
environmental health.
C.
sanitation.
D.
watershed.
Question #98
Tobacco smoke inhaled and exhaled by the smoker is referred to as:
A.
passive smoke.
B.
None of these is correct.
C.
mainstream smoke.
D.
sidestream smoke.
Question #99
Water pollution that occurs through the runoff, seepage, or falling of pollutants into the water is:
A.
nonpoint source pollution.
B.
point source pollution.
C.
thermal inversion.
D.
secondary pollutants.
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