MOA 191 - Intro to Public Health » Summer 2022 » Final Exam
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Question #1
Actions that society takes collectively to ensure that the conditions in which people can be healthy can occur is termed:
A.
population health.
B.
public health.
C.
health.
D.
community health.
Question #2
Choosing to eat wisely, wearing a seat belt, and visiting the physician are examples of community/public health activities.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #3
Healthcare delivery is a twenty-first-century public health concern.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #4
Individuals with lower socioeconomic status have poorer health status.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #5
Physical factors affecting community health include geography, community size, and industrial development.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #6
The beginning of government's major involvement in social issues, including health, was marked by:
A.
the establishment of Medicare in 1965.
B.
the Hill-Burton Act in 1946.
C.
U.S. involvement in World War II.
D.
the Social Security Act of 1935.
Question #7
The first professional preparation program for health educators began during which period of the twentieth century?
A.
Period of social engineering
B.
The 1920s
C.
World War II
D.
Reform phase
Question #8
The goal of the Hill-Burton Act in 1946 was to enhance the quality of:
A.
hospitals.
B.
health departments.
C.
Medicare.
D.
the military.
Question #9
The leading causes of death in the United States today are communicable diseases.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #10
There has been no evidence of community health activities dating back over 1,000 years.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #11
The Shattuck report marked the beginning of the:
A.
health resource development period.
B.
eighteenth century.
C.
modern era of public health.
D.
implementation of Healthy People 2030 efforts.
Question #12
Twenty-first century community health concerns include:
A.
healthcare delivery.
B.
environmental problems.
C.
lifestyle diseases.
D.
All of these are correct.
Question #13
Upton Sinclair's book The Jungle drew attention to the plight of immigrants in the meatpacking industry.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #14
Agencies that are funded primarily through tax dollars are referred to as:
A.
philanthropic foundations.
B.
professional associations.
C.
voluntary agencies.
D.
governmental agencies.
Question #15
An example of a quasi-governmental health organization is:
A.
the National Institutes of Health.
B.
a county health department.
C.
the American Cancer Society.
D.
the National Science Foundation.
Question #16
Highly organized and developed resources in our national institutions and organizations can be a hindrance for communities to respond effectively to their own problems.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #17
Historically, communities have always taken aggressive actions to deal with health issues.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #18
Local health departments are responsible for restaurant inspections.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #19
Nongovernmental health agencies are funded primarily by:
A.
grants from the state health department.
B.
fees for services.
C.
private donations.
D.
tax dollars.
Question #20
One of the World Health Organization's most noteworthy achievements was helping to eradicate smallpox.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #21
Philanthropic foundations spend most of their efforts on fundraising.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #22
Raising money to fund their programs, providing education, providing service to those affected, and advocating are the basic objectives of:
A.
voluntary health agencies.
B.
social, service, and religious organizations.
C.
philanthropic foundations.
D.
professional health organizations.
Question #23
The contributions of religious groups to community health have been:
A.
expensive.
B.
minimal.
C.
substantial.
D.
relatively ineffective in the past 100 years.
Question #24
The Department of Health and Human Services is the only entity under the federal government that plays a role in our nation's health.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #25
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is an institute under the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
A.
True
B.
False
Question #26
The power to arrest someone who refuses to undergo treatment for a communicable disease lies with a:
A.
scientist within the NIH.
B.
member of the local board of health.
C.
community health nurse.
D.
local health officer.
Question #27
Voluntary health agencies were created in Europe.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #28
Which agency maintains records, analyzes disease trends, and publishes epidemiological reports on all types of diseases?
A.
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)
B.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
C.
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
D.
Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)
Question #29
A disease that lasts 3 months or less is a chronic disease.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #30
An attack rate is an incidence rate calculated for a particular population for a single disease outbreak and is expressed as a percentage.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #31
An epidemic curve depicting a distribution of cases traceable to multiple sources of exposure is a:
A.
descriptive study.
B.
propagated epidemic curve.
C.
point source epidemic curve.
D.
case control study.
Question #32
An unexpectedly large number of cases of an illness, specific health-related behavior, or other health-related event in a particular population is defined as a pandemic.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #33
A primary care physician is concerned with the course of a disease in an individual, whereas an epidemiologist is concerned with the course of disease in a population.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #34
Sometimes notifiable diseases are not reported to the local health department because patients recover without a diagnosis being confirmed.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #35
Studies that seek to describe the extent of disease in regard to person, time, and place are:
A.
observational studies.
B.
case/control studies.
C.
analytic studies.
D.
descriptive studies.
Question #36
The average number of years a person from a specific cohort is projected to live from a given point in time is his or her life expectancy.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #37
The number of events that occur in a given population in a given period of time is a:
A.
notifiable disease.
B.
rate.
C.
case.
D.
pandemic.
Question #38
The number of years of healthy life expected, on average, in a given population is the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).
A.
False
B.
True
Question #39
The rate of an illness in a population is the natality rate.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #40
When using criteria of causation, the criterion that addresses the issue of whether the association has been reported in a variety of people, has been exposed in a variety of settings, and can have repeatable results by other researchers is:
A.
temporality.
B.
specificity.
C.
consistency.
D.
strength.
Question #41
An infant death is the death of a child younger than:
A.
2 months.
B.
6 months.
C.
1 year.
D.
2 years.
Question #42
Approximately one-half of pregnancies in the United States are unintended.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #43
A teenage mother is at greater risk for pregnancy complications than a mother older than 20 years of age.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #44
Groups at higher risk of unintended pregnancy are:
A.
those in a long-standing marriage.
B.
those living in poverty.
C.
those with advanced education.
D.
older women.
Question #45
A.
have problems with vision and hearing.
B.
be able to suck and swallow appropriately.
C.
None of these is correct.
D.
gain adequate weight before delivery.
Question #46
Sleeping on the back rather than the stomach greatly increases the risk of SIDS among healthy, full-term infants.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #47
The leading cause of mortality in children is:
A.
unintentional injuries.
B.
maltreatment.
C.
None of these is correct.
D.
infectious diseases.
Question #48
The mortality rates of children have gone down significantly in the past couple of decades.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #49
The neonatal mortality period is death that occurs up to:
A.
1 year after birth.
B.
6 months after birth.
C.
28 days after birth.
D.
7 days after birth.
Question #50
The primary unit in which infants and children are nurtured and supported regarding their healthy development is the:
A.
WIC program.
B.
family.
C.
Children's Defense Fund.
D.
Maternal and Child Health Bureau.
Question #51
The process of determining the preferred number and spacing of children in one's family and choosing the appropriate means to achieve this preference is defined as:
A.
maternal health.
B.
family planning.
C.
prenatal care.
D.
infant morbidity.
Question #52
The United States leads the industrialized world in teen pregnancy and birth rates by a large margin.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #53
Title V is the only federal legislation dedicated to promoting and improving the health of our nation's mothers and children.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #54
Unintended pregnancy is more likely than intended pregnancy to result in early prenatal care.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #55
A critical period in life during which many health-related beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors are adopted and challenged is:
A.
childhood.
B.
adolescence and young adulthood.
C.
older adulthood.
D.
adulthood.
Question #56
Adolescents and young adults are classified as those ages:
A.
12 to 20 years.
B.
18 to 24 years.
C.
10 to 24 years.
D.
12 to 21 years.
Question #57
Adults are categorized as those ages 25 to 64 years.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #58
Mortality during adult years of life is primarily characterized by chronic diseases stemming from poor health behaviors and poor lifestyle choices made during the earlier years of life.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #59
Most of the physical threat to health for adolescents and young adults stems from:
A.
disease.
B.
social class.
C.
behavior.
D.
genetics.
Question #60
Obesity in the United States is considered an epidemic.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #61
Over the last several decades, the death rate for adolescents and young adults has significantly increased.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #62
School connectedness is an example of:
A.
None of these is correct.
B.
a risk factor.
C.
a protective factor.
D.
social skills training.
Question #63
Self-reported behavior risk data on adults is collected through:
A.
the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.
B.
the National College Health Assessment.
C.
the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System.
D.
Monitoring the Future.
Question #64
The diseases that cause considerable morbidity in adolescents and young adults are:
A.
autoimmune diseases.
B.
heart diseases.
C.
lung diseases.
D.
sexually transmitted diseases.
Question #65
The percentage of children younger than 18 living in a single-parent family has been decreasing ever since 1965.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #66
The racial/ethnic group of high school students most likely to report current cigarette usage is:
A.
Hispanic Americans.
B.
black Americans.
C.
white Americans.
D.
Asian Americans.
Question #67
The transition from adolescence to young adulthood is considered to be a relatively easy transition for most.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #68
The two factors affecting community health that need special attention when dealing with health problems of adolescents and young adults are community organizing and physical factors.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #69
The years of life between the ages of 10 and 64 are considered some of the most productive years of people's lives.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #70
A myth of common ancestry is a main feature of:
A.
race.
B.
None of these is correct.
C.
ethnicity.
D.
culture.
Question #71
Asian Americans are generally concentrated in the:
A.
western states.
B.
midwestern states.
C.
Canadian border states.
D.
southeastern states.
Question #72
Black, non-Hispanic Americans have an infant mortality rate that is consistently higher than that of their white counterparts.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #73
For all racial groups, poverty rates are highest for black Americans.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #74
Individuals who migrate from one country to another for the purpose of seeking permanent residence are referred to as:
A.
refugees.
B.
aliens.
C.
illegal aliens.
D.
immigrants.
Question #75
Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) Americans are considered a unique racial group according to the U.S. government and how it defines groups of people.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #76
People of Hawaii, Guam, and Samoa are referred to as:
A.
white Americans.
B.
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islanders.
C.
American Indians.
D.
Asian Americans.
Question #77
People who flee one area or country to seek shelter or protection from danger in another are referred to as:
A.
illegal aliens.
B.
refugees.
C.
aliens.
D.
immigrants.
Question #78
Social determinants of health do not have a significant role in the association of race and ethnicity with health and life expectancy.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #79
The concept of balance related to health and imbalance related to disease is a belief of:
A.
black Americans.
B.
American Indians.
C.
Asian Americans.
D.
Hispanics.
Question #80
The concept that describes how race, class, gender, and other individual characteristics overlap is:
A.
intersectionality.
B.
cultural and linguistic competence.
C.
ethnocentrism.
D.
diversity.
Question #81
The median income for black Americans has consistently ranked lower than all racial and ethnic groups in the United States.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #82
The population with the lowest high school completion rates is:
A.
Hispanic Americans.
B.
white Americans.
C.
Asian Americans.
D.
black Americans.
Question #83
The three types of power associated with empowerment are social, political, and environmental.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #84
Today, the majority of Americans are referred to as white, non-Hispanic.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #85
A condition that occurs when warm air traps cooler air at the surface of the earth is greenhouse gases.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #86
Agents, usually chemicals, that cause cancer are referred to as ozone.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #87
Brown smog is formed primarily by sulfur dioxide and suspended solid particles.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #88
Factors or conditions in the environment that increase the risk of human injury, disease, or death are environmental hazards.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #89
Gases and particulates generated by burning are referred to as combustion by-products.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #90
Most municipal solid waste comes from:
A.
paper.
B.
glass.
C.
yard trimmings.
D.
plastics.
Question #91
Porous, water-saturated layers of underground bedrock, sand, and gravel that can yield economically significant amounts of water are referred to as:
A.
groundwater.
B.
leachates.
C.
surface water.
D.
aquifers.
Question #92
Protecting the public from foodborne disease outbreaks lies solely with local government health agencies.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #93
Solid waste with properties that make it dangerous or potentially harmful to human health or the environment is classified as municipal waste.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #94
The average U.S. resident uses an average of how much water each day?
A.
80 to 100 gallons
B.
20 to 40 gallons
C.
120 to 150 gallons
D.
5 to 10 gallons
Question #95
The EPA regulates the registration and labeling of pesticides.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #96
The most desirable form of integrated waste management is:
A.
source reduction.
B.
combustion.
C.
recycling.
D.
reuse.
Question #97
The practice of establishing and maintaining healthy or hygienic conditions in the environment is:
A.
watershed.
B.
RCRA.
C.
sanitation.
D.
environmental health.
Question #98
Tobacco smoke inhaled and exhaled by the smoker is referred to as:
A.
sidestream smoke.
B.
mainstream smoke.
C.
None of these is correct.
D.
passive smoke.
Question #99
Water pollution that occurs through the runoff, seepage, or falling of pollutants into the water is:
A.
secondary pollutants.
B.
thermal inversion.
C.
nonpoint source pollution.
D.
point source pollution.
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