Geology 001 - Historical Geology » Fall 2022 » Chapter 01 Quiz The Dynamic And Evolving Earth
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Question #1
The vibrant color of much of Earth’s terrestrial landscape has been present since the origin of the planet.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #2
The two major disciplines of geology are historical geology and physical geology.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #3
The universe is presently contracting.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #4
The red-shift is an example of the Doppler effect.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #5
Theories make predictions and are factually stronger than hypotheses.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #6
The asthenosphere is the outer layer of Earth, which is rigid and is broken into individual plates.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #7
Earth’s mean global temperature has changed significantly over the course of our planet’s history.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #8
Radiometric dating has allowed scientists to assign absolute ages to the relative geologic time scale.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #9
The “Goldilocks zone” is a region around a star where conditions are favorable for the presence of liquid water.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #10
Natural selection refers to the survival of organisms that are best adapted to their environment.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #11
The most interior division of planet Earth is the core, which is liquid at its center because of extreme pressures, but solid toward Earth’s surface.
A.
True
B.
False
Question #12
In the 19th century, the geologic time scale was based primarily on rock exposures and the vertical sequence of fossils in the rock record.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #13
The majority of earthquakes and volcanic activity occur along plate boundaries.
A.
False
B.
True
Question #14
Although rocks are affected by interactions among all six major subsystems of Earth, rocks and minerals are physically classified in the ____ subsystem.
A.
atmosphere
B.
biosphere
C.
geosphere - lithosphere
D.
inner core
E.
hydrosphere
Question #15
Which concept explains some natural phenomenon that is testable and is supported by a large body of evidence (e.g., plate tectonics)?
A.
scientific law
B.
hypothesis
C.
transgression
D.
principle
E.
theory
Question #16
Earth becomes ____ with increasing depth due to gravitational differentiation.
A.
liquid
B.
depleted in iron and magnesium
C.
enriched in silica and aluminum
D.
more dense
E.
less dense
Question #17
The largest layer of Earth, in terms of volume, is the ____.
A.
crust
B.
lithosphere
C.
mantle
D.
core
E.
asthenosphere
Question #18
Which part of the upper mantle behaves plastically and flows slowly?
A.
core
B.
atmosphere
C.
crust
D.
asthenosphere
E.
lithosphere
Question #19
Tectonic plates move in response to ____.
A.
unequal heating of crust by the sun
B.
convection cells in the mantle, ridge push, and slab pull
C.
subduction cells in the mantle
D.
subduction cells in the core
E.
convection cells in the core
Question #20
Which principle asserts that processes operating in the present world can be used to interpret events of the past?
A.
lithification
B.
weathering
C.
unconformity
D.
uniformitarianism
E.
catastrophism
Question #21
Which statement about the asthenosphere is false?
A.
It is a rigid rock layer.
B.
It has the same composition as the lower mantle.
C.
It behaves plastically.
D.
It acts like a lubricating layer allowing plates to move.
E.
It lies beneath the lithosphere.
Question #22
Which process is responsible for the planetary formation of Earth?
A.
Implosion of a nearby supernova
B.
Accretion of small bodies called planetesimals
C.
Collision of two medium-sized moons
D.
Erosion of an existing, larger planet
E.
Massive eruptions of magma which built up Earth’s rocky surface
Question #23
Evidence for the Big Bang includes the Red-Shift and the ____.
A.
warm temperature of the universe
B.
blue-shift of adjacent galaxies
C.
invariable speed at which galaxies are moving away from Earth in all directions
D.
separation of the four fundamental forces
E.
presence of background radiation CMB
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