Psychology 1012 - General Psychology » Summer 2022 » Chapter 18

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Question #1
What is the approach of Theory Y leadership?
A.   This approach emphasizes that all employees at all levels participate in the decision-making process of the organization.
B.   The approach emphasizes work efficiency and views people as not so industrious and responsible
C.   The approach seeks to transform people and look beyond their self-interest to help the organization better compete.
D.   It emphasizes human relations at work and views people as industrious, responsible, and interested in challenging work.
Question #2
What are the two major barriers to conservation cited by environmental psychologists?
A.   People awareness and value for the environment
B.   Overpopulation and rapid resource depletion
C.   Responses and power
D.   Conservation and power
Question #3
Which of the following is about presenting realistic work circumstances to applicants in order to observe their skills and reactions?
A.   Situational judgment test
B.   360-degree test
C.   Aptitude test
D.   Vocational interest test
Question #4
Territorial behavior is defined as:
A.   any behavior that tends to define a space as one's own or that protects it from insiders.
B.   any behavior that tends to define a space as one's own but does not control the area.
C.   any behavior that tends to define a space as one's own or that protects it from intruders.
D.   any behavior that tends to define a space as one's own but allows everyone.
Question #5
One unmistakable consequence of high densities and crowding is a state that psychologist Stanley Milgram called:
A.   attentional overload.
B.   territoria
C.   density stress.
D.   environmental stress.
Question #6
In some cases, how is it possible to dismantle social dilemmas?
A.   Individual incentives
B.   Rearranging rewards and costs
C.   Awards and feedback
D.   Ignoring social dilemmas
Question #7
In many cases, what aspect of a jury has a major effect on the verdict of a trial?
A.   Authoritarian traits of men jurors in the jury
B.   Composition
C.   Socio-economic background of the jury
D.   The number of women jurors in the jury
Question #8
Which of the following statement relates to the term direct instruction?
A.   The presentation of factual information by demonstration only
B.   The presentation of information in a way such that the students discover or construct the facts
C.   The presentation of factual information by rote practice only
D.   The presentation of factual information by lecture, demonstration, and rote practice
Question #9
What is motor program?
A.   A mental plan or model that guides skilled movement
B.   Breaking complex skills into their subparts that guides skilled movement
C.   A series of actions molded into a smooth and efficient performance
D.   A performance during which physical, mental, and emotional states are harmonious and optimal
Question #10
How do the psychologists try to learn from a jurors body language which side the person favors?
A.   They watch verbal behavior.
B.   They look for authoritarian traits.
C.   They watch nonverbal behavior.
D.   They analyze demographic information.
Question #11
What is the basic idea behind the approach of Universal Design for Instruction by educators?
A.   To design lessons so richly that they will benefit most, if not all, students and their diverse needs
B.   To design lessons richly so as to improve teaching and learning aids for hearing and visually impaired people
C.   To design instruction based on encouraging students to discover or construct knowledge for themselves
D.   To present the factual information by lecture, demonstration, and rote practice
Question #12
Psychologists have discovered that the makeup of death-qualified juries tends to be biased because they are likely to contain ________.
A.   only males, who are racially biased and connected to the plaintiff
B.   people picked by the attorneys with strong views on death-penalty as the ultimate punishment
C.   mostly jurors who are male, white, high income, conservative, and authoritarian
D.   people who are not opposed to the death penalty
Question #13
Which step of the teaching strategy gives out examples, information, and illustrations?
A.   Reinforcement
B.   Learner preparation
C.   Stimulus presentation
D.   Learner response
Question #14
During peak performance, many athletes report as if they were in a trance this experience is referred to as________.
A.   positive visualization
B.   control of attention
C.   achievement
D.   flow
Question #15
Emile is researching the effects of high ceilings on the emotions of people working in office buildings. It is likely that Emile is a(n) ________.
A.   social environment psychologist
B.   architectural psychologist
C.   personnel psychologist
D.   educational psychologist
Question #16
Sayyidah is out in the yard mowing the lawn when he sees his neighbor installing energy- efficient lightbulbs along his driveway. A little later, he notices two other neighbors installing energy-efficient lightbulbs along their driveways. Sayyidah finishes the lawn, goes to the store to pick up energy efficient-light bulbs, and installs them along his driveway. How Sayyidah followed the example of his neighbors illustrates ________.
A.   uneffective messages are based on self-interests
B.   that one person is more likely to restrain himself or herself when he or she believes that others will
C.   personalized normative feedback is uninfluential
D.   the tragedy of the commons cannot be defeated
Question #17
Kyle is in fourth grade and prefers listening to audio books rather than reading. He also learns the words of songs very quickly when listening to the radio. It is likely that Kyle ________.
A.   will be less engaged in learning by listening
B.   has a preferred learning style for audio stimulus
C.   will learn equally as well by reading or listening
D.   will be more engaged with learning by reading
Question #18
Before every swing when at bat in a fast-pitch soft-ball game, Lyndsie rubs her hands together, taps the center of home plate with the end of the bat to make sure she is the correct distance from the plate, sets her feet shoulder width apart, and crouches just as the ball is about to be pitched. Lyndsie is using _________.
A.   verbal rules
B.   a cognitive-behavioral strategy
C.   mental imagery
D.   a fixed routine to regulate her arousal
Question #19
Susie is entering the teaching field and preparing to apply for a job. Before she completes the online job application, Susie does a Google search on herself, examines the content of what the search produces, and decides to close her Facebook account. Susie is ________.
A.   data mining
B.   overreacting to her digital footprint
C.   polishing her e-portfolio
D.   examining her digital footprint
Question #20
According to the textbook, a sports psychologist is most likely interested in which of the following areas of study?
A.   How attitude affects performance
B.   Moral codes among young adults
C.   Motivation to work hard
D.   How teenagers resolve conflicts

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