Bio 1010 - General Biology » Fall 2022 » Unit 1 Exam

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Question #1
The scientific method is used to
A.   distinguish good from evil.
B.   to search for truth.
C.   establish moral codes.
D.   determine absolute truth.
E.   answer specific questions about the natural world.
Question #2
Which of the following statements is a testable scientific hypothesis?
A.   Eating fish reduces the chance of having a stroke.
B.   Embryonic stem cell research will allow scientists to find a cure for diabetes.
C.   Antioxidants from food are better than antioxidants from a vitamin pill.
D.   Smoking makes people less attractive.
Question #3
Which of the following is a testable hypothesis?
A.   Being a good driver makes you less likely to catch a cold.
B.   Sleeping eight hours a night makes you feel better when you have a cold.
C.   Avoiding contact with other people reduces the chance of catching a cold.
D.   Taking zinc lozenges at the first sign of cold symptoms is wise.
Question #4
Which of the following is an appropriate scientific hypothesis?
A.   People catch colds because of exposure to cold temperature.
B.   Cold viruses should be allowed to reproduce just like anything else.
C.   It is unethical to go to school when you have a cold.
D.   Good people catch more colds than bad people.
E.   Bad people catch more colds than good people.
Question #5
In an effort to increase milk production of dairy cows, a farmer decides to experiment with a new food additive. Half of the cows (Group 1) are given the new food additive, while half of the cows (Group 2) are not given the food additive. Group 1 represents the ________ group of this experiment, while Group 2 represents the ____ group of the experiment.
A.   experimental, control
B.   placebo, control
C.   prediction, hypothesis
D.   control, experimental
E.   control, prediction
Question #6
Please read the following scenario to answer the following question(s). Michigan's Isle Royale is located in Lake Superior and is 45 miles long and 9 miles wide. Ecologists estimate that the moose population has been on the island since around 1900. The wolf population, on the other hand, has only been there since the winter of 1949. The conditions had to be just right for the lake to freeze and the weather to be calm enough for the first wolves to make the passage over to the island. When the wolves arrived, they were greeted with a large moose population that had no predators. The moose population was at a dangerously high level, but was kept in check by the arrival of the wolves. This "harmonious" pattern continued for at least 20 years. In 1982, the wolf population suddenly crashed. The problem was a new canine virus. This virus surfaced around the world in 1978 and spread rapidly in about six months. Infected animals can survive, but they have to be treated immediately. Ecologists hypothesized that the virus arrived on the island carried on the shoe of a human traveler. The wolf population decreased from 50 to 14 individuals in a year. While the wolf population dropped, the moose population increased. However, the winter of 1996 was extremely harsh and the moose population experienced a major crash. More than 500 animals died during the winter months, reducing the population to less than 800 animals. The virus introduced to the island in 1982 that reduced the wolf population is an example of a(n) ______.
A.   acclimation
B.   density-independent factor
C.   density-dependent factor
D.   intraspecific competition
Question #7
Please read the following scenario to answer the following question(s). Michigan's Isle Royale is located in Lake Superior and is 45 miles long and 9 miles wide. Ecologists estimate that the moose population has been on the island since around 1900. The wolf population, on the other hand, has only been there since the winter of 1949. The conditions had to be just right for the lake to freeze and the weather to be calm enough for the first wolves to make the passage over to the island. When the wolves arrived, they were greeted with a large moose population that had no predators. The moose population was at a dangerously high level, but was kept in check by the arrival of the wolves. This "harmonious" pattern continued for at least 20 years. In 1982, the wolf population suddenly crashed. The problem was a new canine virus. This virus surfaced around the world in 1978 and spread rapidly in about six months. Infected animals can survive, but they have to be treated immediately. Ecologists hypothesized that the virus arrived on the island carried on the shoe of a human traveler. The wolf population decreased from 50 to 14 individuals in a year. While the wolf population dropped, the moose population increased. However, the winter of 1996 was extremely harsh and the moose population experienced a major crash. More than 500 animals died during the winter months, reducing the population to less than 800 animals. The harsh winter that led to the death of many moose in 1996 is an example of a(n) ______.
A.   density-independent factor
B.   acclimation
C.   density-dependent factor
D.   population that has exceeded its carrying capacity
Question #8
Please read the following scenario to answer the following question(s). Michigan's Isle Royale is located in Lake Superior and is 45 miles long and 9 miles wide. Ecologists estimate that the moose population has been on the island since around 1900. The wolf population, on the other hand, has only been there since the winter of 1949. The conditions had to be just right for the lake to freeze and the weather to be calm enough for the first wolves to make the passage over to the island. When the wolves arrived, they were greeted with a large moose population that had no predators. The moose population was at a dangerously high level, but was kept in check by the arrival of the wolves. This "harmonious" pattern continued for at least 20 years. In 1982, the wolf population suddenly crashed. The problem was a new canine virus. This virus surfaced around the world in 1978 and spread rapidly in about six months. Infected animals can survive, but they have to be treated immediately. Ecologists hypothesized that the virus arrived on the island carried on the shoe of a human traveler. The wolf population decreased from 50 to 14 individuals in a year. While the wolf population dropped, the moose population increased. However, the winter of 1996 was extremely harsh and the moose population experienced a major crash. More than 500 animals died during the winter months, reducing the population to less than 800 animals. What most likely happened when the wolves first arrived on the island?
A.   The moose population crashed because of the introduction of a predator.
B.   The wolf population was at its carrying capacity.
C.   The wolf population decreased because of the introduction of a virus.
D.   The wolf population increased exponentially.
Question #9
Which of these factors operates in a density-dependent manner?
A.   hurricane
B.   flood
C.   food supply
D.   volcanic eruption
E.   blizzard
Question #10
Use the following information to answer the following question(s). Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a unicellular eukaryotic organism belonging to the genus Plasmodium. These eukaryotic organisms are transmitted from one person to another by the female Anopheles mosquito when it feeds on human blood. Within humans, the Plasmodium spp. destroy red blood cells and, without effective treatment, serious infections can lead to death. Currently, more than 400 million people are afflicted with malaria and between 1 to 3 million people die from it each year. Historically, a chemical compound called quinine has been used in developing effective drugs against malaria. In its natural environment, quinine is produced by certain trees native to South America. This chemical is synthesized in the outer layer of tree trunks and acts as an herbivore deterrent. Humans, mosquitoes, and Plasmodium together would be considered a(n) ______.
A.   ecosystem
B.   population
C.   community
D.   biosphere
Question #11
What form of carbon is incorporated into organic matter by producers?
A.   CO 2
B.   CFC
C.   COOH
D.   CH 4
E.   C 6H 12O 6
Question #12
Humans are ______.
A.   omnivores
B.   detritivores
C.   carnivores
D.   primary producers
E.   herbivores
Question #13
Which of these organisms is a detritivore?
A.   cow
B.   dolphin
C.   prokaryotic cell
D.   lion
E.   human
Question #14
The increase in global temperature that is the greenhouse effect is primarily due to ______.
A.   CO 2 slowing the escape of heat from Earth
B.   CO 2 slowing the escape of UV radiation from Earth
C.   the loss of ozone that trapped cooling UV radiation in the atmosphere
D.   CO 2 allowing more solar radiation to penetrate Earth's surface
E.   CFCs slowing the escape of heat from Earth
Question #15
Which of the following sources of energy contribute(s) to global warming?
A.   all of these
B.   solar
C.   geothermal
D.   coal
E.   nuclear
Question #16
One of the major effects of an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide is
A.   a cooler than average temperature
B.   global warming
C.   none of these
D.   an increase in acid rain
E.   a decrease in plants' ability to perform photosynthesis
Question #17
Which one of the following is likely to result from an increase in global atmospheric temperature of as little as 2°C?
A.   altered patterns of global rainfall
B.   coastal flooding
C.   rising sea levels
D.   altered ecosystem boundaries
E.   all of these
Question #18
DDT and related compounds are primarily stored in ______.
A.   cartilage
B.   muscle
C.   eggshells
D.   bone
E.   fat
Question #19
Groundwater pumped from aquifers is
A.   being rapidly replaced by water from the melting ice caps.
B.   being removed faster than it is being replaced.
C.   no longer used in many agricultural regions.
D.   not an aspect of sustainable agriculture.
E.   virtually limitless,
Question #20
Human society in its current form is unsustainable because
A.   fresh water is a renewable resource that can be preserved through conservation.
B.   important natural resources are being consumed more quickly than they can be replenished.
C.   diverting agricultural yield for feeing livestock supplies protein to a community's diet.
D.   recycling has lessened the need for the mining of some mineral resources.
E.   renewable energy sources are consuming land and resources more quickly than they can be replenished.
Question #21
Most of the world's fresh water supply is used for
A.   boating and recreation.
B.   drinking water for livestock.
C.   drinking water by humans.
D.   irrigating crops.
E.   bathing by humans.
Question #22
Desertification is primarily caused by which of the following activities?
A.   overplanting of crops
B.   lack of rainfall
C.   restoration of wetlands
D.   overuse of farm machinery
E.   overgrazing of livestock
Question #23
Which of the following creates the least amount of soil erosion?
A.   deforestation
B.   use of drip irrigation systems
C.   wetland destruction
D.   overgrazing by livestock
E.   poor landscaping practices that expose the land to excess wind
Question #24
All communities consist of the same number of species.
A.   True
B.   False
Question #25
Unlike autotrophs, heterotrophs cannot use energy directly from the sun but instead must get their energy by consuming the bodies of other organisms.
A.   True
B.   False
Question #26
Global levles of carbon dioxide have risen dramatically in the past 200 years.
A.   True
B.   False
Question #27
In most cases, populations grow at their full biotic potential for an indefinite amount of time
A.   False
B.   True
Question #28
Agriculture, industrial use, and domestic use are the largest uses of fresh water supplies, in that order.
A.   False
B.   True
Question #29
Match the following description to its place in the trophic pyramid. a lion feeding on a zebra
A.   carnivore
B.   herbivore
C.   producer
D.   omnivore
Question #30
Match the following description to its place in the trophic pyramid. a fungus breaking down a dead tree
A.   carnivore
B.   producer
C.   decomposer
D.   omnivore
Question #31
Match the following description to its place in the trophic pyramid. a human eating a dinner of broccoli, baked potatoes, and steak
A.   carnivore
B.   herbivore
C.   decomposer
D.   omnivore
Question #32
Match the following description to its place in the trophic pyramid. a giraffe feeding on leaves of a tree
A.   producer
B.   herbivore
C.   decomposer
D.   omnivore
Question #33
Match the following description to its place in the trophic pyramid. a plant producing sugar from carbon dioxide and water, using energy from the sun
A.   carnivore
B.   decomposer
C.   producer
D.   herbivore

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