Pathophysiology 370 - Pathophysiology » Fall 2022 » Week 4 Check Your Understanding Assignment
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Question #1
Clinical manifestations of extracellular fluid volume deficit include which of the following?
A.
Decreased postural blood pressure, Flat neck veins, Vomiting, Dizziness, and Oliguria
B.
Decreased postural blood pressure, Vomiting, Weight loss, Dizziness, and Oliguria
C.
Decreased postural blood pressure, Vomiting, Weight loss, Dizziness, and Vomiting
D.
Decreased postural blood pressure, Flat neck veins, Weight loss, Dizziness, and Oliguria
Question #2
The pathogenesis of tuberculosis includes the entrance of mycobacteria into the lungs and the resulting of which of the following?
A.
Ghon tubercles, Formation of granulomas, Activation of macrophages, Antigen-antibody complexes
B.
Calcification, Ghon tubercles, Formation of granulomas, Antigen-antibody complexes
C.
Calcification, Antigen-antibody complexes, Formation of granulomas, Activation of macrophages
D.
Calcification, Ghon tubercles, Formation of granulomas, Activation of macrophages
Question #3
COPD type A is referred to as
A.
Emphysema
B.
Chronic bronchitis
C.
Bronchiectasis
D.
Asthma
Question #4
What physiologic abnormality is characteristic of emphysema?
A.
Trapping of air in the distal air sacs
B.
Widespread occurrence of bronchial plugs
C.
Extensive inflammation of the lower airways
D.
Collapse of the proximal airways
Question #5
Which statement is true regarding asthma?
A.
It involves irreversible airway obstruction.
B.
Extrinsic asthma has adult onset.
C.
There is decreased responsiveness to environmental stimuli.
D.
It is characterized by airway inflammation.
Question #6
In extrinsic asthma the immune system responds to the presence of allergens by causing
A.
Bronchodilation
B.
Decreased sputum production
C.
Bronchoconstriction
D.
Decreased cough reflex
Question #7
Which serum value is a reflection of the effectiveness of the kidney’s ability to properly maintain serum metabolic pH?
A.
Bicarbonate (HCO 3 –)
B.
Carbonic acid (H 2CO 3)
C.
Carbon dioxide (CO 2)
D.
(H +) molecule
Question #8
A common radiologic diagnostic manifestation of fibrotic restrictive disease is the appearance of
A.
Constrictive bronchi
B.
Destruction of acini
C.
A honeycomb lung
D.
Distended alveoli
Question #9
The normal adult pH in the blood is
A.
Between 7.35 and 7.45
B.
7.3
C.
Greater than 7.8
D.
Less than 6.9
Question #10
Which is a classification of emphysema?
A.
Parenchyma and Bullae
B.
Centriacinar, Parenchyma and Bullae
C.
Centriacinar, Panacinar, and Paraseptal
D.
Panacinar, Parenchyma and Bullae
Question #11
Which statement is true regarding cystic fibrosis?
A.
It affects endocrine glands.
B.
It is the most common genetic disease in the United States.
C.
It is common in African Americans.
D.
It is autosomal-dominant.
Question #12
The most common cause of chronic bronchitis is
A.
Smoking
B.
Bacterial infection
C.
Chemical irritants
D.
Viral infection
Question #13
The pathogenesis of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) involves which of the following?
A.
Alveolar wall thickening. Collapse of the lung
B.
Decreased lung compliance. Alveolar wall thickening. Collapse of the lung
C.
Increased alveolar-capillary permeability. Alveolar wall thickening. Collapse of the lung
D.
Injury to the alveolar-capillary membrane. Increased alveolar-capillary permeability. Decreased lung compliance
Question #14
How do the kidneys work to neutralize metabolic acidosis or alkalosis?
A.
If metabolic acidosis exists, the kidneys slow their acid excretion.
B.
If metabolic alkalosis exists, the kidneys slow their acid retention.
C.
If metabolic acidosis exists, the kidneys increase their acid retention.
D.
If metabolic alkalosis exists, the kidneys slow their acid excretion.
Question #15
Aging adults are more prone to dehydration as a result of lack of thirst triggers resulting from
A.
Decreased osmolality in intracellular fluid
B.
Increased osmolality of intracellular fluid
C.
Increased osmolality of extracellular fluid
D.
Decreased osmolality in extracellular fluid
Question #16
Clinical manifestations of hypocalcemia include which of the following?
A.
Positive Trousseau sign, Positive Chvostek sign, Hyperactive reflexes, Muscle twitching, and Constipation
B.
Positive Trousseau sign, Positive Chvostek sign, Hyperactive reflexes, Muscle twitching, and Paresthesias
C.
Positive Trousseau sign, Positive Chvostek sign, Constipation, and Paresthesias
D.
Constipation, Hyperactive reflexes, Muscle twitching, and Paresthesias
Question #17
The pathogenesis of pneumonia includes the inhalation of microbial agents and the resulting of which of the following?
A.
Alveolar wall thickening and Decreased lung compliance
B.
Inflammation, Lung consolidation, and Formation of exudates
C.
Formation of exudates, Alveolar wall thickening and Decreased lung compliance
D.
Lung consolidation, Alveolar wall thickening and Decreased lung compliance
Question #18
Normally, the highest amount of daily fluid loss occurs via the
A.
Lungs
B.
Skin
C.
Urinary tract
D.
Bowels
Question #19
Pulmonary function testing for restrictive diseases reveals which of the following to be decreased?
A.
Respiratory rates and Forced expiratory flow
B.
Vital capacity, Respiratory rates and Forced expiratory flow
C.
Total lung capacity, Respiratory rates and Forced expiratory flow
D.
Vital capacity, Total lung capacity, and Diffusing capacity
Question #20
Which cellular change is seen with chronic bronchitis?
A.
Decreased interleukin-8 levels
B.
Atrophy of bronchial glands
C.
Increased eosinophils
D.
Decreased CD8 T lymphocytes
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