Anthropology 101 - Human Biologic Evolution » Fall 2022 » Quiz 4

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Question #1
The reduction or loss of cranial crests in hominin species represents __________.
A.   a de-emphasis on chewing as well as a greater emphasis on brain size expansion
B.   a need for greater room for muscles associated with chewing
C.   a de-emphasis on protection for the cranial case
D.   a reduction in the size of neck muscles associated with quadrupedalism
Question #2
The Toumai fossil, or Sahelanthropus tchadensis, is unique because __________.
A.   It had ape-like facial features but cranial characteristics suggesting bipedalism.
B.   Its features suggest it may actually be the earliest member of Homo.
C.   It provides the earliest evidence of stone tool use.
D.   It is the oldest hominin fossil ancient DNA as been extracted from.
Question #3
Ardipithecus ramidus and Ardipithecus kadabba have defied expectations about early hominins because __________.
A.   neither shows evidence for increased cranial capacity
B.   each shows evidence of a highly developed bipedal physiology
C.   both are far larger than typical Miocene primates
D.   both lived in densely forested environments
Question #4
The discovery of Ardipithicus Ramidus suggests that the last common ancestor with humans shared similar traits with chimpanzees, gorillas, and other modern African apes.
A.   False
B.   True
Question #5
Why are most hominin fossil finds in southern Africa from caves?
A.   Hominins in South Africa lived in caves.
B.   Hominin bones fell into caves through holes in the ceiling.
C.   Predators often dragged hominins they had killed into caves.
D.   Hominins seemed to have crawled into caves to die.

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