A.   Public service announcements and similar public relations efforts

B.   The development of DARE and other drug education programs

C.   Federal law enforcement efforts and foreign aid

D.   Efforts to curb drug experimentation in suburban areas

A.   Violates the Thirteenth Amendment

B.   Interferes with the flow of interstate commerce

C.   Contradicts the rulings in the Civil Rights Cases of 1883.

D.   Violates the Fourteenth Amendment

A.   State and local governments less control over federal funds

B.   The national government less control over foreign and defense policy

C.   State and local governments more power over important public policies

D.   The national government more control over state and local affairs

A.   populist democracy

B.   elite democracy

C.   anarchy

D.   participatory democracy

E.   pluralist democracy

A.   Cognitive ideation

B.   Denial

C.   Cognitive dissonance

D.   Conceivable detraction

A.   Made parts of the Bill of Rights apply to state governments

B.   Limited the states’ powers to incorporate cities and towns

C.   Incorporated important parts of state law into the Bill of Rights

D.   Selectively revised the meaning of several civil rights

A.   they would try to eliminate the system of checks and balances in the Constitution

B.   certain factions might replace the legislature

C.   they would create a split between the North and the South

D.   they would likely pit the haves and have-nots against each other

E.   they would likely create tension between minorities

A.   Of individual freedoms, not criminal rights

B.   Of majority freedoms, not minority rights

C.   From government action, not from other citizens

D.   From other citizens, not from the government

A.   Republicanism

B.   Separation of powers

C.   Checks and balances

D.   Popular sovereignty

A.   Obscenity

B.   Libel

C.   National security

D.   Prior restraint

A.   maturation

B.   socialization

C.   assessment

D.   acculturation

A.   were blocked by Republicans in Congress

B.   were generally successful with few exceptions

C.   were not successful until the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment

D.   essentially ended by the time Reconstruction was completed and were not reinitiated until the civil rights era

E.   were not successful until the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment

A.   Those with money and power

B.   Political activists

C.   Neighbors

D.   Office-holders

E.   Foreigners

A.   The national government reduced its grants-in-aid to city governments.

B.   Cities and local governments began to receive grants directly from the national government.

C.   Urban governments became more dependent on states for aid.

D.   The national government began to grant all of its aid to the state governments.

A.   Implied powers

B.   Right to qualified representation in the case of criminal suit

C.   Right to a speedy trial by an impartial jury

D.   Reserved powers

A.   Socialism, in which economic decisions are made by the government

B.   Pure capitalism, in which all means used to produce material resources are privately owned

C.   Regulated capitalism, in which business has substantial freedom from government interference, but the government does step in and regulate the economy to guarantee individual rights

D.   Social democracy, in which government plays an enormous role in ensuring substantive guarantees of fair outcomes for all citizens

E.   Pure laissez-faire capitalism, in which the government has no economic role at all

A.   It includes the powers to declare acts of government unconstitutional and to interpret the meaning of all federal and state laws.

B.   The Supreme Court has used the power very infrequently against acts of Congress.

C.   It was claimed for the Supreme Court in the case of Marbury v. Madison.

D.   It is not mentioned in the Constitution.

E.   It was used only once before 1857.

A.   Important because religion teaches moral values that are often applied to politics

B.   Unimportant because few political people are religious

C.   Important as the main source of a person’s sense of political efficacy

D.   Unimportant because churches don’t openly take positions on political issues

A.   allow the president to fulfill the office of president as the founders intended

B.   were commonly used by nineteenth-century presidents

C.   are unconstitutional according to the Supreme Court

D.   have been used to expand the powers of the presidency beyond what is explicitly stated in the Constitution

E.   were more often used in the nineteenth century by weak presidents

A.   Congress has no power under the War Powers Act

B.   public opinion tends to rally around presidents when they deem military action necessary abroad, and Congress has declined to challenge such presidents

C.   the provisions of the act are vague and make it easy to ignore

D.   Congress can never agree on a course of action when it comes to military decisions

E.   everyone agrees the Supreme Court would probably declare the law unconstitutional

A.   a crime

B.   a misdemeanor

C.   a felony

D.   an infraction

E.   a tort

A.   polarization

B.   identification

C.   activism

D.   gerrymandering

E.   discipline

A.   threatened the system of separation of powers

B.   created agreements between presidents and the heads of foreign governments

C.   was a strictly ceremonial act with no significance

D.   helped to clarify for executive agencies how they are to implement laws

E.   was a traditional action taken by presidents to signify their agreement with Congress

A.   roughly the same

B.   much lower

C.   much higher

D.   slightly higher and holding steady

E.   slightly behind but catching up gradually

A.   liked the sound of “pursuit of happiness” better

B.   could not remember what Locke had actually said

C.   was trying to avoid the suggestion the Declaration was arguing for the protection of slavery

D.   was trying to gain the support of those who had little property to protect

E.   wanted to reflect the views of the colonists