A.   The topic sentence - the first sentence in a Direct Organizational Format - guides the organization of the paragraph.

B.   The topic sentence - the ending sentence in a Direct Organizational Format - guides the organization of the paragraph.

C.   None of these apply.

D.   The topic sentence - can come pretty much anywhere in a Direct Organizational Format - because the reader will figure out how it guides the organization of the paragraph.

A.   "Large corporations have the resources to hire graphic designers to help with key projects."

B.   "Professional graphic designers can be helpful to both large and small businesses."

C.   None of these apply.

D.   "Logos, business stationary, business cards, Web sites, and PowerPoint presentations would benefit from a polished professional image."

A.   Large corporations have the resources to hire graphic designers to help with key projects.

B.   All these apply

C.   The writer would not yet provide details, descriptions, because those do not describe the subtopic.

D.   A sentence that address small companies is not the best choice.

A.   All these apply

B.   These projects might include corporate and annual reports.

C.   "Small businesses should consider investing in a graphic designer for important visual communications" would not come next. That would be illogical.

D.   The sentence that adds further details to describe the subtopic.

A.   All these apply

B.   The main idea - overall idea - guides the sentence.

C.   Logic guides the order of ideas.

D.   Each additional sentence adds specific details to the text that comes before it.